Karl von Großheim
Carl Friedrich Ernst von Großheim (born October 15, 1841 in Lübeck ; † February 5, 1911 in Bad Rippoldsau ) was a German architect and president of the Prussian Academy of the Arts .
Life
Großheim attended the "Großheim Realschule" founded by his grandfather Carl Friedrich Christian von Großheim until he was 16 . After finishing school he started practical work in 1857 and learned carpentry in a three-year apprenticeship . Then he began the years of traveling required for honorable journeyman craftsmen and worked in Altona and other cities until he sought a higher education as an architect at the Berlin Building Academy . He worked temporarily under Hermann von der Hude . Already at the academy he formed a working alliance with Heinrich Kayser . Both attended Carl Steffeck's life drawing courses and met Max Liebermann . Großheim passed the second state examination.
After working with Kayser for August Orth from 1867 to 1870 , Kayser and v. Großheim opened her studio for architecture and the art industry in 1871. From the beginning they strived for the promotion of handicrafts and the rebirth of the arts and crafts in the context of high architecture. Since then, the work of one could no longer be separated from that of the other. The joint studio developed into one of the leading German architecture firms of the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
As early as 1872 they achieved their first major success when they came into close competition with Ludwig Bohnstedt as the main prize winner of the competition for the Reichstag building . Since then, they have worked as leading architects from Berlin across Germany. They particularly developed in the Rhineland . In Kayser's homeland, they set up branch studios in Düsseldorf and Bonn . The architect Max Wöhler managed the Düsseldorf branch office founded in 1890 and became a partner in the office in 1899.
With the emerging fashion of the “German Renaissance”, these two architects, who until then had built in the “Italian High Renaissance” and occasionally the early Renaissance style , followed suit. Your first building of this style was the bookseller's house in Leipzig .
They were the first to bring the silhouette of the building masses into flow in the university buildings in Charlottenburg .
Later they approached classicism and in this (detour) way came to neo-baroque . Here they created their greatest work, the building complex of the Academy of the Arts in Charlottenburg . Also worth mentioning are the Dom-Hotel in Cologne and the domed hall of the state exhibition building at Lehrter Bahnhof . Various castles in Silesia and Lusatia came from their neo-renaissance phase .
According to Kayser's and von Großheim's plans, numerous commercial and department stores were built , such as the building of the Berlin Club (Jägerstrasse 2-3), the Spindlershof and a large number of villas .
Since numerous architects were trained in their office, the work of the two architects drew wide circles. Almost at the same time, both were awarded the titles of privy councilors and professors as well as other honorary positions with a high reputation, and were also appointed senators of the Prussian Academy of the Arts and members of the Prussian Academy of Building. The builder of the Lübeck city theater , Martin Dülfer , worked as a young professional in her studio.
In 1879 Großheim was one of the founding members of the Association of Berlin Architects . In 1880 he became a member of the Prussian Academy of the Arts, later one of its senators and chaired it from 1910. In 1886 both were awarded the “Great Gold Medal”.
They built the Charlottenburg Imperial Military Court . With the construction of the Berlin department store Wertheim on Königstrasse near Alexanderplatz , they proved that they were up to the most modern tasks. The extraordinary versatility and adaptability were also shown by the designs assigned to them of various buildings in different exotic architectural styles in the Berlin zoological garden .
On October 1, 1910, von Großheim became President of the Royal Academy of Arts.
Nevertheless, Großheim had not forgotten his hometown and stayed in Lübeck at least once a year and followed the development of the city. When his hometown called him, he was happy to come: He was a judge in the architectural competitions for the city theater and the new Commerz-Bank building in Lübeck .
At the funeral service for him in the Academy of the Arts, the emperor was represented by the curator of the academy, Minister of Culture , August von Trott zu Solz . At the order of the emperor, the funeral procession made its way through the middle portal of the Brandenburg Gate , which was otherwise reserved for princely people at the time , before the corpse was transferred to Lübeck. In Lübeck his body was consecrated by the main pastor of the Marienkirche , Christian Marth .
Karl von Grossheim Fountain
After his death, the city of Lübeck remembered him by creating Von-Großheim-Platz in the suburb of St. Jürgen, in front of Großheim's parents' house (Bäckerstraße 21). The fallow land, which had remained undeveloped until then, was redesigned into a green area with the inclusion of existing old trees, in which a well system made of shell limestone was built. The middle structure of the semicircular system designed by Atelier Kayser and von Grossheim bears the relief portrait in bronze donated by the wife of the deceased and created by the Berlin sculptor Ludwig Manzel . To the right and left of the inscription below, jets of water fell from shells into a basin, flanked on both sides by benches with high backrests. The end was structured by four pillars with ornamentally treated flower crowns. The green area was given up in 1942 for a fire fighting pond. After the pond was dismantled in 1990, the fountain was restored and the entire complex was re-inaugurated on July 30, 1991.
Buildings and designs
(→ list of works in the article Heinrich Joseph Kayser )
literature
- Secret building officer Prof. Carl von Groszheim. In: Vaterstädtische Blätter , year 1910, No. 44 (from October 23, 1910).
- Carl von Großheim †. In: Vaterstädtische Blätter, year 1911, No. 7 (from February 12, 1911).
- Hubert Baumgärtel : Großheim, Karl von . In: Ulrich Thieme , Fred. C. Willis (Ed.): General lexicon of visual artists from antiquity to the present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 15 : Gresse – Hanselmann . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1922, p. 103 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ New grave monuments in the cemetery on Israelsdorfer Allee. V. Conclusion. In: Father-city sheets . Year 1912, No. 24 (from June 16, 1912).
- ↑ Schwarzwälder Bote : Bank is reminiscent of architects. ( schwarzwaelder-bote.de ).
- ^ The KK Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna from 1892–1917 . The Academy, Vienna 1917, p. 149–150 ( Text Archive - Internet Archive - Death Report).
- ↑ Ludwig Ewers set him as v. Hohenstein and his school a literary monument in the popular work "Die Großvaterstadt" published in 1926.
- ↑ In an article in the Leipziger Illustrierte Zeitung it was stated that von Großheim was proud to point to his elementary beginnings, on the basis of which his healthy art flourished. “It was Lucae ,” it continued, “who played Providence for Großheim by bringing him together with his fellow student Heinrich Kayser in 1866.”
- ↑ Karl-v.-Grossheim-Brunnen in Lübeck. In: Zentralblatt der Bauverwaltung . 33rd year 1913, No. 65 (from August 16, 1913), p. 431. ( Digitized version of the Central and State Library Berlin )
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Großheim, Karl von |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Großheim, Carl Friedrich Ernst von; Großheim, Carl von; Groszheim, Carl von; Grossheim, Carl von; Groszheim, Karl von; Grossheim, Karl von |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German architect |
| DATE OF BIRTH | October 15, 1841 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Lübeck |
| DATE OF DEATH | February 5, 1911 |
| Place of death | Bad Rippoldsau, Black Forest |