Lübeck advertisements
The Lübeckische Advertisements were a newspaper that appeared in Lübeck from 1751 to 1933 .
When the Lübeck advertisements looked back on their 175th anniversary in 1926, they were among the oldest regularly appearing newspapers in Germany. One of the oldest was the Frankfurter Postzeitung (1615) and the Leipziger Zeitung (1660). From the 18th century it was the Magdeburgische Zeitung , Jenaische Zeitung , Rostocker Zeitung or the Augsburger Zeitung . Many of them no longer existed by then.
prehistory
Ludwig Dietz from Speyer founded Lübeck's first printing house in 1524 . In 1531 it became the property of Johann Ballhorn . Lorenz Albrecht ran it from 1599 and his heirs sold it to Samuel Jauch in 1608 . His successor was Valentin Schmalherz in 1629, whose widow she continued after his death.
At that time there was already a second printing house. Its owner was Gottfried Jäger . Also in the surrounding area - Mecklenburg, Holstein or Sachsen-Lauenburg - there were printing works that now competed with the former monopoly .
From 1680 her son, Moritz Valentin Schmalherz ran the printing company. Johann Nicolaus Green , as his successor, owned the first and oldest print shop in town.
history
newspaper
Johann Nicolaus Green , who was appointed to the council printer on March 3, 1724 , announced on January 9, 1751 that the council had given him permission to publish a weekly advertisement and intelligence paper under the title Lübeckische Advertisements from March onwards . This news should magistrate elections and new appointments of other offices , deaths of famous people who arrive by traveling princes and magisterial regulations are.
The papers appeared on Saturdays. One issue cost one Schilling Lübisch, the annual subscription three Mark Courant . Since the printing of the papers took a whole day, the deadline for advertisements was already on Thursday evening .
How popular the sheet was can be seen a little later from the pieces, which were then used to denote numbers. A note states who in Hamburg , Kiel and Wismar are selling the sheet. The list of the ships that entered the port of Lübeck or the ships that were being loaded abroad became an important part of the newspaper .
They do not contain any news about the Seven Years' War , which was raging at the time , but rather longer treatises on the value and benefits of smoking tobacco . The news of the earthquake in Lisbon took three weeks to reach Lübeck.
Since Easter 1761 an additional contribution has appeared on Wednesdays and from 1762 the schedule of the Lübeckische Stadt-Lotterey, founded in that year, was enclosed with every edition. From the last decade of the 18th century, the custom of making deaths known to the bourgeoisie became common.
Based on the statistics on marriages, births and deaths reported at the beginning of the year, population growth was determined in times when censuses were not yet known .
On February 18, 1796, an ordinance was issued “for the settlement of strangers in Lübeck”. In addition to the report on Leopold II's election as emperor , this was the only record of contemporary history in the advertisements.
From 1793 onwards, the Lübeck advertisements appear twice a week in their main newspaper.
In January 1798 the first article was published about an excellent image of culture and gives a clear description of the public situation in the city at the end of the 18th century.
From 1799 the sheet became clearer. The loose sequence of advertisements and advertisements was divided into categories .
Since January 4, 1812, the Lübeck advertisements had to appear in French and German under the title Affiches, Annonces et Avis divers de Lubeck or Lübeckische advertisements . By Napoleon's decree of December 22, 1812, which the newspaper published on January 20, 1813, this obligation was lifted again and the Lübeck advertisements appeared again . After Colonel Benkendorf and his Cossacks moved into Lübeck on March 21st, Colonel von Tettenborn addressed the Lübeck residents from Hamburg in the March 24th edition and announced that a Hanseatic Corps would now be founded. The Senate and Colonel Benendorf also called for entry into the Hanseatic Legion in the same issue .
When Spanish soldiers moved into Lübeck after the French troops had been relieved, cigarette smoking became commonplace with them in Lübeck. The Lübeck advertisements of September 12th criticized this new custom in a devastating way, but they were no longer able to push it back.
The corps established in Lübeck should consist of hunters on foot and on horseback. For those who presented themselves in their own equipment, the uniform of the troop was described in detail. It should consist of a dark green caftan or overskirt , in wide pantaloons of the same color, under which boots should be worn, and in gray hats with or without a peak. In the next few days made themselves known to the the home of Senator Nölting 272 volunteers built Bureau.
Furthermore, the immediate lifting of the trade ban against England, which woke up the Lübeck economy, which had been ailing since then, was announced.
From 1809, Borchers, following the example of Hamburg, Hanover and other cities, made improvements to the newspaper. This was already apparent from the outside, because from the first issue of the year the Lübeck eagle was again shown with a double border in the title. With the incorporation of the city into the French Empire in 1812, this should disappear again and be replaced by the French coat of arms with the French eagle. After the final expulsion of the French, the Lübeck eagle returns. The leading essays now dealt with historical, geographical, scientific and medical topics.
Since the size of the sheet remained the same, but the notices and decrees took up more and more space, the custom of special supplements became established in the 1920s. So far they have been limited to the semi-annual timetables of the Katharineum and the game plans of the earlier city lottery, which was reintroduced in 1814. The higher regional court of the four free cities , which had its seat in Lübeck since 1820, published the judgments in them on a monthly basis. In addition to these, the non-profit supplement was added.
Since the volume of the news nevertheless increased, the Lübeck advertisements appeared four times a week from January 1, 1845 . Although the scope of the individual numbers doubled, it was not sufficient. From April 1, 1848, the Lübeck advertisements appeared daily. The edition of April 17, 1848 included the first electoral roll for the representation of the citizens.
Gradually the leading essays disappeared. They were replaced by the Senate and government announcements , followed by the advertisements and advertisements, the news about trade and shipping.
On March 6, 1851, the Lübeck advertisements existed for 100 years.
On April 1, 1854, the Lübeck advertisements became the official gazette of the Free and Hanseatic City of Lübeck .
The Lübeck advertisements were what their title said, the Lübecker Zeitung , which was received in 1866, was the complementary counterpart. The lack of it became so noticeable over time that a corresponding addition was announced in the December 31, 1869 edition.
From January 12, 1870, the Lübeck advertisements appeared in folio format instead of in quarters as before . With the news of the declaration of war in 1870, the telegrams took up more and more space in them. From September, regular reviews of the plays performed at the theater enriched the newspaper. The news was also published strictly objectively .
As early as January 26, 1871, the Senate of Lübeck, now again an imperial city , issued the first announcement regarding the election of a Lübeck member of the Reichstag . Two days later the newspaper announced the imminent formation of a garrison battalion .
After the war was over, the political extensions of the paper were withdrawn. On October 1, 1872, the first issue of the Lübecker Zeitung appeared, the first editor-in-chief of which was Friedrich Crome , at that time procurator at the Higher Appeal Court . It appeared in the evening and thus supplemented the Lübeck advertisements that appeared in the morning . Both sheets of the publisher should now exist side by side for twenty years.
The premises in the old "address house" soon proved to be too small. In 1885 the house at Königstrasse No. 46 and transferred the name Adresshaus to the new headquarters of the publishing house, to which he moved on March 29, 1886 after renovations and additions. As of April 5th, the publishing house Gebrüder Borchers united its previously separate businesses under one roof.
On the evening of September 19, 1890, the last issue of the Lübecker Zeitung appeared, and from then on the Lübeck advertisements , a morning and an evening edition, appeared 13 times a week and had turned them into a modern newspaper.
The letter of March 3, 1891 from Otto von Bismarck to the Lübeck advertisements was considered a special honor . The prince responded to an article about the presence of Empress Friedrich in Paris at the time and expressed his gratitude for the ongoing delivery of the newspaper to him in Friedrichsruh . On the picture of Bismarck's reading table drawn by Christian Wilhelm Allers there is not only the best national papers but also an edition of the Lübeck advertisements .
In addition to the large edition , which appears twice a day, a small edition of the Lübeck advertisements for the little man was launched on April 1, 1892 .
On October 1, 1898, the father city sheets were launched as a Sunday supplement to the Lübeck advertisements , which dealt exclusively with father city matters.
A year later, the law and regulation gazette was added to the large edition as a supplement . They were to remain the sole official gazette until 1923.
In order to be able to cope with the increasing demands of the printing industry, the publishing house took this into account by commissioning a double or twin rotary press at the Schnellpressen -Fabrik Frankenthal Albert & Co. , Akt. Ges. In Frankenthal , on July 26, 1904. It had taken three weeks to set up, under the direction of a technician seconded from the factory.
A notice from the publishing house of the Lübeckische advertisements was entitled “Pictures of the present from all over the world”. The posting of photographs and world events of all kinds was initially located next to Otto Borchert's cigar shop and the office building. Over time, this display turned out to be too small and the publisher made an agreement with the owner of the property next to the commercial building at Königsstrasse 46a to the effect that from March 1, 1905, the display would be in the shop window next to the address house.
Before the Lübeck People's and Remembrance Festival in 1909, the attraction of the Indian temple there, the lion man, was a guest in the newspaper's rooms. The young Russian was, as it was reported in their father-city papers , an educated man. He agreed to be photographed sitting on the sofa in the editorial room and, as you can see in the picture opposite, made “a friendly face”.
During the war, the rapid distribution of the special dispatches increased the reputation of the paper. In addition, several copies were sent daily to the domestic regiment in the field .
Due to inflation , the Lübeck advertisements had only appeared once a day since September 15, 1923.
Their local part was expanded. In addition to the father-city sheets , the family friend , The Woman in House and State and the weekly illustrated supplement Leben im Bild were added.
In their Sunday edition of July 26, 1924, the Lübeckische Werbung proudly announced to its readers that it was the first time they had been able to tell them about political reports received on the radio. The radio system installed back in May now worked flawlessly and guaranteed even more timely transmission of news from home and abroad.
A congratulatory letter from Chancellor Hans Luther , the most famous well-known congratulator, arrived at the publishing house on the occasion of its 175th anniversary .
On December 30, 1933, the last edition of the Lübeck advertisements appeared . The letters to the editor printed in it about the end of the newspaper suggest that the publisher, and thus the newspaper, was liquidated in the course of the synchronization in the newspaper industry . The author of the obituary, Wilhelm Dahms , wrote in the Lübeckische Blätter in 1939 that Dahms had to witness the decline of his newspaper. If, on the other hand, you read the letters to the editor mentioned, all of them by well-known citizens of Lübeck, they announce a surprising end to the paper.
At the end of December 31, 1933, the rights passed to the competitor , the General-Anzeiger , who let them expire.
Borchers brothers
Johann Nicolaus Green died in 1766, his son and successor on April 27, 1792. For his widow, who lived until 1807, Johann Hinrich Borchers , who had been an assistant and factor in her for years, was in charge of the printing and publishing of Newspaper. He took over their business independently in 1807.
On June 1, 1805, Bonaventura Christoph Borchers was entered as an apprentice in the apprenticeship registration and tendering book and released as an assistant on December 25, 1808. The privilege of the Senate JH Borchers received on April 2, 1808. Paul Gottlieb Borchers was from August 12, 1810 apprentice. In 1813 Borchers was given the privilege to publish a political newspaper.
After Borcher's death (1814) and his widow (1821), the sons took over the printing company under the name of the Borchers Brothers . This printing house was expanded significantly in 1828 with the acquisition of Schlegel's stone printing plant . Schlegel founded Lübeck's first lithographic printing company in 1826, shortly after Alois Senefelder's art of stone printing . This moved from Glockengießerstraße in 1835 to a house next to the printing house.
After the last Borchers died in 1867, Crome and director Georg Wilhelm Daniel Rey, who had married a Borchers, took over the company.
On January 1, 1872, the Senate entrusted the production of printed matter to the company .
Maximilian Bürkner , retired Mayor D., joined the company on March 1, 1890 as a partner.
From October 1890, the Lübeck advertisements were printed on a rotary press.
Paul Wilhelm Adolf Rey joined the company as a partner. When his father died the following year, Anna Pauline Rey became a partner in the company the next day.
On November 16, 1906, the company was converted into a family limited company . Wilhelm Dahms , who had been with the company since 1874 and at that time its managing director, became its partner. Dahms was solely responsible for the liquidation.
In 1921 the typefaces from Eckmann to Behrens, Hupp , Lucian Bernhard , Prof. Glaß , Prof. Tiemann and Prof. Czeska from the type foundries Klingspor , Gentzsch and Heyse, Wilhelm Woellmer , Schelter u. Gieseke, H. Berthold AG , Ludwig & Meyer and D. Stempel represented in the print shop.
The front building was rebuilt in 1919/20. The neighboring properties, Königstrasse 44 and 46a were acquired. The illustration opposite shows the front of the property belonging to the company.
In their commercial and technical, Schriftleitungs- and publishing operation, the workforce in 1921 of two managing directors, six editors existed (including a city editor for Scandinavia and two stenographers ), twelve commercial and 80 technical staff and 40 messengers and messengers for printing and newspaper operations.
The machine park of the book and lithographic printing plant comprised nine high-speed presses , a rotary machine, twelve platen and auxiliary printing presses, stereotype equipment with casting instrument and calender , 16 typesetting machines , four paper cutting machines. A fully equipped lithographic and photographic studio, automatic etching equipment and etching machine system , a fully equipped mechanical engineering and locksmith auxiliary workshop .
From the basement to the fourth floor, there were two power and hand load elevators available. In the basement which had central heating company. The latest newspaper and other publishing items as well as print samples were displayed in two large shop windows.
Lübeck newspaper
After the liberation of Lübeck, Johann Hinrich Borchers applied to the Senate for the privilege of a political newspaper. He received this and on December 13, 1813, the first issue appeared under the name: Die Lübeckische Zeitung or Derpolitische Anzeiger . It appeared until 1817.
The book printer Römhild, who printed the Lübeckische Fama that had returned 20 years earlier , founded a competing company under the title Hanseatische Beobachter to oust the Borcherssche paper again. However, this project failed.
From 1872 onwards the Lübecker Zeitung appeared as a political supplement to the Lübeck advertisements by the Borchers brothers . It established itself in contrast to its predecessors and was included in the Lübeck advertisements in 1891 .
General Lauenburgische Landeszeitung
On September 17, 1870, Rudolph Dominé's publishing house in Lauenburg (Elbe) published the first sample number of the Allgemeine Lauenburgische Landeszeitung, which will appear three times a week from October 1, in small-folio format. The format was enlarged on December 30, 1875.
The paper appeared daily from December 1, 1877.
On June 1, 1885, the printing company and newspaper publisher became the property of the Borchers brothers in Lübeck.
The number of subscriptions was increased from April 1, 1891, by lowering the quarterly subscription price from 3 to 2 marks.
The newspaper has had the subtitle General-Anzeiger for the Herzogthum Lauenburg district since October 1, 1899.
The commercial building (1901)
From a distance the company inscription Gebrüder Borchers and the title Lübeckische Advertisements, Official Gazette of the Free and Hanseatic City of Lübeck on the medieval front seemed to meet those coming along Königsstraße . Above the arched entrance, the name of the office building, which had been adopted from time immemorial, was emblazoned under the Lübeck eagle. Since you could get the addresses for all matters of life here, it was the address house .
If you stepped into the hallway, you found the latest numbers of the two daily issues posted on the walls. Immediately to the right of the entrance was the expedition and checkout room . In the middle room behind this was the telephone exchange and the store's archive. Behind this which was located facing the courtyard Geschäftszimmer the managing director of the company. Whose office opposite was destined for meetings and conferences Privatcontor the boss .
The workplaces of the partner and the authorized signatory were reached through an anteroom, in which the warehouse of the company's publishing works, constitutional history, folk and children's rhymes, the canal commemorative publications and orientation works were located . Several memorabilia from the company's history hung on its walls. In addition to several Bismarck relics , the memorial sheet for the celebration of the Hanseatic Legion from 1863 or the manuscript album in memory of the second Germanists' meeting in 1847 with handwriting by Geibel, Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm, as well as the honorary diploma of the German-Nordic, awarded to the company in 1895 Trade and industry exhibition which the printing company was awarded with a silver medal for outstanding performance .
Up the stairs, past two stair figures depicting Venus and Apollo , you reached the first floor. In its three rooms facing the street were the chief and local editors of the Lübeckische advertisements . Furthermore, the large conference or lottery room was located on this floor, in which the drawing lists of the state lottery were compared with the records in the drawing room. The lithographer's room was also located here . The typesetting room was in the wing , where the typographers from Berlin based the mergenthal models do their job 24 hours a day.
The accident department was on the floor above . On the third floor was the bookbindery , a warehouse for writing and one for printing paper.
An elevator that went up to the third floor brought everything to the coat hall on the first floor.
In addition to the stereotype on the first floor of the rear building , it housed the lithography and zinc etching . Their high-speed press from Maschinenfabrik Mailänder in Cannstatt was the first of its kind in Lübeck to serve as a model for several companies.
Each issue of the Lübeck advertisements was carried by 25 newspaper women for Lübeck, sent to post offices in over 150 German and foreign post offices and the 30 agencies in the various towns with their bundles of newspapers.
swell
- Festschrift: For the 150th anniversary of the Lübeck advertisements / 1751 *** March 6th *** 1901 / and / 75th anniversary of the Brothers Borchers stone printing company / 1826 *** May 30th *** 1901
- Issued March 6, 1926
- Special edition from April 1, 1926 at the change of year
- Lübeck since the middle of the 18th century (1751). An anniversary article on the 700th anniversary of the freedom of the Reich in Lübeck on the occasion of the 175th anniversary of the Lübeckische Advertisements and Lübecker Zeitung; Borchers Brothers, 1926 Lübeck, 364 pages
- 175 years of Lübeck advertisements. In: Father-city sheets . No. 12, edition of March 14, 1926.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ According to publication published in 1926
- ^ Jenaische Zeitung
- ↑ The emperor's proclamation was initially only published as a telegram.
- ^ Stiftung Preußischer Kulturbesitz : Lübeckische advertisements: Lübecker Zeitung; Official Journal d. free u. Hanseatic City of Lübeck; News for d. Duchy of Lauenburg, d. Principalities of Ratzeburg, Lübeck and neighboring Mecklenburg. u. holstein. area
- ^ "Radio service of the Lübeckische advertisements" In: Sunday edition of the paper from Saturday, July 26th 1924
- ↑ see also the history of the Lübeck daily newspapers
- ↑ Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation