KiK

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KiK Textiles and Non-Food GmbH

logo
legal form GmbH
founding April 1994
Seat Bönen , Unna district , Germany
GermanyGermany 
management Executive Director:
  • Patrick Zahn (Chairman of the Management Board)
  • Michael Badinger
  • Burkhard Schältken
  • Alfred Glander
Number of employees approx. 28,788
sales 2.05 billion euros (2018)
Website www.kik.de

KiK Textiles and Non-Food GmbH (proper spelling: kik ) is a German textile - discounter , based in Bönen , which in 1994 by Stefan Heinig , together with the Tengelmann Group was founded. On January 1, 2012, Heinig handed over the chairmanship of the management to Heinz Speet, who headed the company until the end of 2015. Patrick Zahn has been the new CEO since January 1, 2016. With 2607 branches, the company is the largest textile discount chain in Germany and has a total of 3697 branches in Germany , Austria , Slovenia , the Czech Republic , Hungary , Slovakia , Croatia , Poland , the Netherlands , Italy and Romania . The company employs 26,000 people and generated sales of 2.05 billion euros in 2017. In the German textile trade, KiK ranks among the ten largest suppliers.

KiK is an acronym and means "customer is king".

Company history

KiK headquarters in Bönen

In 1994 the first KiK branch was founded in Düsseldorf-Gerresheim. By 1996 another 228 stores had been opened in Germany. Four years after the company was founded, KiK expanded to Austria , where KiK had 254 branches at the end of 2018. The attempt to conquer the Danish market from 2000 onwards failed in 2004. In 2007 the expansion was extended to Slovenia and the Czech Republic and in 2008 to Hungary and the Slovak Republic . On November 30, 2010, KiK opened its three thousandth branch in Berlin. In 2011 the first branch was opened in Croatia . In Poland, where the first branch was opened in Środa Wielkopolska in March 2012 , there were 258 branches at the end of 2018. The company has a market share of 23 percent there. The first KiK branch was opened in the Netherlands in 2013, and by the end of 2018 the number of Dutch branches had risen to 36. A total of 300 branches are to be opened there. The first branches in Italy were opened in October 2017. At the end of 2018 there should have been 3,697 branches across Europe. The planned expansion into the USA will not be pursued any further. In the medium term, the company is aiming to increase the number of branches to 5,000, 3,000 of them in Germany. The KiK managing director Patrik Zahn announced the goal of "bringing KiK into every European wardrobe". An online shop has been available at www.kik.de since April 2013.

According to its own information, the company generated net sales of 2.05 billion euros in the 2018 financial year .

In 2006, KiK developed a Code of Conduct that specifies guidelines for all suppliers, production companies and sewing shops.

The branches in an international comparison (branches as of December 31, 2016, sales as of December 31, 2014)
Country Branches Sales in € million
GermanyGermany Germany 2538 1,298.3
CroatiaCroatia Croatia 73 29.5
NetherlandsNetherlands Netherlands 35 2.9
AustriaAustria Austria 252 163.5
PolandPoland Poland 151 18.4
SlovakiaSlovakia Slovakia 77 36.2
SloveniaSlovenia Slovenia 51 27.8
Czech RepublicCzech Republic Czech Republic 191 79.9
HungaryHungary Hungary 71 25.0
KiK branch with a new color design
Typical KiK branch after the renewal of the color design

activity

KiK's success can be justified with its own business model, the textile discount. 70% of the KiK range consists of inexpensive textile products. The remaining 30% are non-food items. KiK sees itself as a basic textile outfitter and ensures that the branches can be reached quickly and easily. KiK mainly sells basic items that are available all year round and are purchased in large numbers. KiK does not use intermediate trade and imports 98% of the goods directly by sea. KiK does not have its own production facilities, but has the goods mainly produced in Asia, especially in China and Bangladesh . In 2006, KiK developed a Code of Conduct that regulates trading relationships with around 500 direct suppliers. This code of conduct describes the elementary work guidelines and social standards that must be observed during production.

On June 1, 2015, KiK joined the Alliance for Sustainable Textiles founded in October 2014 by the Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development . In order to implement the goals of the textile alliance, the company has voluntarily published its action plan with the indication that it demonstrates the seriousness of its commitment in the alliance and wants to make a contribution to the success of the textile alliance.

KiK has stopped selling plastic bags since October 1st, 2015. This measure saves KiK 33 million plastic bags every year.

Employee

A total of 28,788 employees work for KiK, 20,489 of them in Germany. 93 percent of all employees work in the branch. The quota of women is 91 percent, 57 percent of the management positions are held by women.

Since the company was founded, KiK has trained a total of 5,400 men and women. The textile discounter offers a total of 19 different apprenticeships, including training as an office clerk, retail clerk, certified retail assistant , certified retail specialist, personnel service agent and draftsman . In addition to the classic professions, KiK also offers training in the dual system for a Bachelor of Arts - Economics and Management (specialization in trade or logistics) or a Bachelor of Science (clothing technology). KiK takes on around 800 new trainees every year.

In October 2011, KiK started an image campaign to rid itself of its bad reputation as an employer. The textile discounter turned its own employees into testimonials for the image campaign. With statements such as “The work is really fun here” or “Better a real career than false ideals”, KiK employees in red T-shirts advertised their company in print and online.

In the annual study "Working in Fashion" carried out by TextilWirtschaft, KiK achieved 10th place overall in the employer ranking of 40 fashion companies in 2019. Secure jobs, future potential and internationality as well as a high level of awareness were rated particularly positively.

KiK sponsored the Austrian soccer referees

Sponsorship and advertising

Since 2002, KiK has been the main sponsor of various Bundesliga clubs. In the 2002/03 and 2003/04 seasons , KiK was the main sponsor of the Arminia Bielefeld soccer club and then the main sponsor of the Bundesliga club Werder Bremen in 2004/05 and 2005/06 . In the 2007/08 season , KiK was the main sponsor of the Bundesliga clubs Hansa Rostock and VfL Bochum , whose main sponsor they were also in the 2008/09 season . KiK has been a premium partner of 1. FC Köln since 2017.

For the duration of the 2009 World Handball Championship in Croatia, KiK was also the main sponsor of the German men 's national handball team . From 2005 to 2012 KiK sponsored the ice hockey club EHC Dortmund .

In Austria, KiK was the main sponsor of the Austrian football referees and the traditional Graz club GAK .

Under the slogan “Better than how you think”, KiK started its advertising campaign on August 30, 2009 with the new company testimonial Verona Pooth in Germany and Austria. The collaboration ended in 2014.

As a brand ambassador for the KiK brand Ergee , a two-year contract was signed with the former speed skater Anni Friesinger on June 1, 2015.

In 2016 and 2017, KiK sponsored the RTL II format Curvy Supermodel. The discounter parried customer criticism after the engagement of a black model with an open letter and thus set an example against racism. The company is u. a. Member of "Show your face! For a cosmopolitan Germany eV", a nationwide association that encourages people to take action and take action against xenophobia, racism, anti-Semitism and all other forms of right-wing violence.

In Bangladesh, KiK finances four schools with a total of 2,000 children together with the private non-profit organization UCEP.

criticism

Corporate criticism

In 2007, employees of KiK Textilien and Non Food GmbH & Co. KG in Austria brought about a works council election . The top candidate and his list were not approved by the majority company-related election commission, as it claimed that they could not read three of 15 statements of support and that these were therefore invalid. The top candidate, Andreas Fillei, was dismissed without notice two days after the election was announced without giving any reason. At the same time, he was banned from all KiK branches. The Vienna Labor and Social Court recognized this dismissal as unlawful and the ban had to be lifted. The remaining candidate list was drawn up by the KiK management in Austria and Germany. After the election, the members of this list did not accept the election. Thus, KiK Austria does not have a works council.

The textile discounter had opposed works council elections for months. After the top candidate was dismissed, around 300 employees and trade unionists demonstrated in front of the KiK headquarters in Vienna. It is accused that preliminary and final work of at least one hour a day are not paid despite the lowest salaries and working hours have been postponed at extremely short notice.

Branches in Germany

In the report "Death in the factory: the price for cheap clothes", reporters with hidden cameras exposed grievances in branches in Germany. The emergency exits were locked and employees were forbidden to unlock them unless there was a special emergency.

Criminal charges for wage dumping

On October 9, 2007, the ver.di trade union filed a complaint against KiK in Germany. She accused the textile discounter of wage dumping . On November 26th, 2007 the public prosecutor's office in Dortmund closed the proceedings against KiK for wage dumping. No indications relevant to criminal law could be found. In a non-final judgment (file number 4 Ca 274/08), the Dortmund labor court classified the payment of a part-time employee as immoral. In August 2010, the company announced that it would pay all employees a minimum wage of EUR 7.50 from October 1, 2010 . This decision should be seen against the background of a long-term change in strategy. Since January 1, 2015, KiK has been paying the minimum wage nationwide.

Spying on employees

In May 2009, the public prosecutor's office investigated the violation of the Federal Data Protection Act , as the company has had its existing employees checked four times a year by the Creditreform credit agency since January 2008 . A total of over 49,000 requests for information were made. The company now only collects information in cases of legitimate interest. The public prosecutor discontinued the proceedings because they could not prove any systematic screening of employees, but checked in July 2010 whether there was any initial suspicion of new proceedings after the former district manager Guido Hagelstede testified that the company was using this information to hunt down employees to be fired with financial difficulties.

After research by the ARD magazine Panorama , the result of which was published in the broadcast on July 22, 2010, the allegations are confirmed. In the said article, the former district manager Guido Hagelstede, among others, has his say, who confirms the system of spying in detail and testifies that this practice was instructed by the KiK personnel management.

Criticism of the working conditions in the supplier countries

KiK purchases directly from independent producers and importers. KiK lets in u. a. China , Bangladesh , Pakistan , Turkey , India and Germany produce. The names and number of suppliers per country are not published.

KiK has revised its code of conduct several times, the last version is from November 2015. After that, the employees must receive a payment that corresponds to the legal or customary minimum wage level. Written employment contracts, compliance with statutory working hours and transparent remuneration are part of the Code of Conduct. Overtime must be remunerated with statutory or industry-standard surcharges. The CEO of KiK, Patrick Zahn, has called for a 10 percent increase in minimum wages in Bangladesh. Since January 2019, this has been around 83 euros in Bangladesh. It is complained that there is no right to freedom of association in the supplier factories. The Accord on Fire and Building Safety in Bangladesh promotes the right to freedom of association. KiK is publicly committed to a supply chain law that regulates the due diligence of companies to ensure good production conditions. According to its own statements, the company was the first German clothing company to introduce auditor liability, with which testing companies are liable for the correctness of their information. KiK participates in the initiative of the Alliance for Sustainable Textiles in Cambodia, the aim of which is the introduction of living wages.

In September 2012, a fire broke out in a textile factory owned by Ali Enterprises , which supplied KiK, in Pakistan , in which 255 people died. The accident is therefore one of the most devastating of its kind in the textile supply chain . As a result, KiK was massively criticized and was forced to pay millions in compensation (see below). KiK only joined the Alliance for Sustainable Textiles founded in October 2014 due to public pressure on June 1, 2015 . 3 surviving dependents and 1 injured person from the factory fire filed a lawsuit against the discounter for compensation for pain and suffering at the Dortmund Regional Court. The Dortmund Regional Court dismissed the lawsuit due to the statute of limitations in November 2018. The Hamm Higher Regional Court confirmed the judgment. KiK paid the relatives and survivors a total of 6.15 million US dollars as financial compensation on a voluntary basis.

In April 2013, a textile factory collapsed in Bangladesh, killing over 1,000 people. Managing director Heinz Speet initially denied that he shared responsibility for his company. At the time of the accident, there was no production for KiK in Rana Plaza, but a KiK importer had it produced in the factory until shortly before the accident. Therefore, textiles from KiK were found in the rubble. In total, KiK contributed $ 1 million to the Compensation Fund for Victims and Survivors.

After the factory collapse in Sabhar in April 2013, an alliance of textile companies in cooperation with trade unions, non-governmental organizations and local authorities signed the Accord on Fire and Building Safety in Bangladesh. In May 2013, KiK became the second German trading company to join the fire protection agreement. The legally binding agreement aims to improve health and safety measures in Bangladesh's textile industry over a period of five years. In June 2017, KiK was one of the first to sign the new version of the agreement, which came into force on May 31, 2018 and runs until 2021.

In order to improve the quality of factory inspections (audits), KiK has agreements with audit companies on. so-called auditor liability closed. The audit company then guarantees the accuracy of the test results for a period of three months after the test has been completed. After the factory collapse, an alliance of textile companies in cooperation with trade unions, non-governmental organizations and local authorities signed the Accord on Fire and Building Safety in Bangladesh. The agreement focuses on programs to increase employee involvement in improving safety conditions in factories. In regular audits carried out by independent test institutes, compliance with the rights of employees and the safety of the production environment should be checked. In May 2013, KiK became the second German trading company to join the Accord on Fire and Building Safety . The legally binding agreement aims to improve health and safety measures in Bangladesh's textile industry over a period of five years. KiK has agreed to the continuation of the agreement.

Quality defects

In recent years, the European rapid warning system RAPEX has warned several times about dangerous products from the KiK range. Increased lead levels, banned azo dyes and formaldehyde in children's toys and clothing as well as biocide in shoes are just a few of the examples listed there. As a member of the Textile Alliance, KiK joined the decision of September 2016 to gradually replace 100 problematic chemicals in textile production with harmless substances or to use them only in very low concentrations.

Image with customers

According to the VuMA 2019 consumption and media analysis of the most popular clothing stores and textile department stores, 15 percent of those surveyed had shopped at KiK in the last 6 months. This puts KiK in fourth place in the favor of customers behind C&A, H&M and Peek & Cloppenburg.

In the ranking of the top-selling textile companies in Germany, KiK came in 5th place in 2018.

In April 2011, the IFH Cologne created an empirical study called “ CSR Tracker” for the first time . It asked a total of 3145 consumers about their opinions and perceptions. Judgments were also made for 46 retail companies in the food retail, DIY, drugstore, textile, furniture and mail order sectors. The companies KiK and Schlecker were at the bottom of the list .

Awards

In May 2015, the KiK online shop was named Top Shop 2015 by Computer Bild .

In 2018, KiK received 2nd place in the "Global Responsibility" category at the German CSR Forum. At the CSR Excellence Award 2018, KiK achieved 2nd place in the "Philanthropy" category and 3rd place in the "Innovation" category.

literature

  • Michael Gassmann: The Kik boss breaks his silence. Heinz Speet is considered closed. Now he talks about the fire in a Pakistani factory of the textile giant, which led to a lawsuit. In: Die Welt , March 21, 2015, p. 11. Online version

Web links

Commons : KiK  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Change in management at KiK , KiK Textilien und Non-Food GmbH , January 7, 2016, accessed on January 7, 2016
  2. ↑ Kik gets Alfred Glander for purchasing , Fashion Network , September 16, 2018, accessed on November 18, 2019
  3. ↑ Kik continues to grow - but only abroad , TextilWirtschaft , August 15, 2019, accessed on November 18, 2019
  4. ↑ KiK wants to increase the number of branches across Europe to 5000
  5. ↑ KiK opens up another sales market , Tengelmann Warenhandelsgesellschaft KG , March 15, 2012
  6. ^ Tengelmann Group: Business areas: KiK , accessed on August 20, 2015
  7. ↑ a b Goedendag vrouw Antje - KiK is now also represented in the Netherlands , KiK blog from February 26, 2014, accessed on August 20, 2015
  8. ↑ a b Kik expands to Italy. Kik, October 18, 2017, accessed November 13, 2017 .
  9. ↑ : Tengelmann Holding 2018 annual report. Retrieved November 13, 2019 .
  10. ↑ Retail group: Tengelmann increases sales thanks to Kik and Obi. Retrieved February 11, 2019 .
  11. ↑ The ranking of the biggest fashion brands. Retrieved November 18, 2019 .
  12. ↑ KiK - Customer is King , KiK company website, accessed on November 18, 2019
  13. ↑ The KiK company history . Retrieved November 13, 2019 .
  14. ↑ Verona Pooth and KiK celebrate the opening of the 3,000th branch ( Memento of the original from September 7, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , KiK , November 26, 2010, accessed September 4, 2015. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.kik-textilien.com
  15. ↑ Which German brands the Poles appreciate. Wirtschaftswoche, June 24, 2019, accessed on November 13, 2019 .
  16. ↑ a b Customers don't have a guilty conscience , Handelsblatt dated May 17, 2015, accessed on August 20, 2015.
  17. ↑ Tengelmann Annual Report 2018 , Tengelmann press release of August 15, 2019, accessed on November 13, 2019.
  18. ↑ Fashion retailer Kik stops US launch because of Trump's trade policy , Handelsblatt from July 11, 2018, accessed on November 13, 2019.
  19. ↑ KiK wants to increase the number of branches across Europe to 5000 , Die Presse on May 17, 2010, accessed on April 8, 2017.
  20. ↑ KiK wants to fill a lot more cupboards. Die Welt, February 25, 2016, accessed November 13, 2017 .
  21. ↑ www.kik24.de - The first parcel leaves the warehouse , KiK company website, accessed on November 18, 2019.
  22. ↑ Kik continues to grow - but only abroad , TextilWirtschaft , August 15, 2019, accessed on November 18, 2019.
  23. ↑ KiK Sustainability Report 2017 (page 5) (PDF; 4.7 MB), accessed on November 24, 2019.
  24. ↑ a b Tengelmann Warenhandelsgesellschaft KG: Annual Report 2014 (PDF; 6.3 MB), accessed on September 2, 2015.
  25. ↑ KiK, the basic textile supplier ( Memento of the original from May 9, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.kik-textilien.com
  26. ↑ KiK Sustainability Report 2013 ( Memento of the original from August 28, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed September 2, 2015 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.kik-textilien.com
  27. ↑ KiK and Aldi join textile alliance , Der Tagesspiegel, accessed on September 2, 2015
  28. ↑ Voluntary publication of the KiK roadmap as part of the textile alliance. KiK, accessed on November 18, 2019 .
  29. ↑ Kik does away with plastic bags , Textilwirtschaft, June 26, 2015, accessed on November 18, 2019
  30. ↑ a b KiK Textiles - Numbers, data, facts (PDF file, 484 kB), accessed on September 3, 2015
  31. ↑ Start of trainees 2016: Welcome to the team! KiK press release of August 3, 2016, accessed on March 4, 2018
  32. ↑ KiK is looking for 750 trainees , KiK press release of February 8, 2010, accessed on September 3, 2015
  33. ↑ Kik starts its first image campaign. (No longer available online.) Textilwirtschaft , September 29, 2011, archived from the original on April 9, 2017 ; Retrieved September 3, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.textilwirtschaft.de
  34. ↑ A question of culture TextilWirtschaft , May 13, 2019, accessed on November 18, 2019
  35. ↑ Together into the new season - season opening 1. FC Köln KiK , accessed on November 18, 2019
  36. ↑ KiK returns to Bundesliga Sponsors , September 21, 2017, accessed on November 18, 2019
  37. ↑ Textile company KiK remains main sponsor , Hockeyweb from August 25, 2010, accessed on September 3, 2015
  38. ↑ EHC loses main sponsor , in: Westfälische Rundschau of July 5, 2012, accessed on April 8, 2017
  39. ↑ Kik: Farewell to Verona ( Memento of the original from September 11, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , TextilWirtschaft dated December 23, 2014, accessed on September 4, 2015 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.textilwirtschaft.de
  40. ↑ Press release from kik-Textilien of June 17, 2015, accessed on September 3, 2015
  41. ↑ These "Curvy Supermodels" pose for Kik W&V , October 27, 2016, accessed on November 18, 2019
  42. ↑ KiK reacts so cleverly to racism BILD , November 25, 2016, accessed on November 18, 2019
  43. ↑ Ways out of the misery Handelsblatt , July 15, 2017, accessed on November 18, 2019
  44. ↑ KiK works council election as a “farce”: only the boss's assistant can be elected. (No longer available online.) Die Presse , March 13, 2007, archived from the original August 4, 2010 ; Retrieved April 8, 2017 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.diepresse.com
  45. ↑ ARD exclusive: The Kik story on YouTube ( memento from June 3, 2011 in the Internet Archive ), source no longer available on September 4, 2015
  46. ^ Judgment against KiK: Court stops low wages at textile discounters , spiegel.de
  47. ↑ Minimum wage at the textile discounter: Kik pays employees 7.50 euros per hour , Spiegel Online, 23 August 2010, accessed on 23 August 2010
  48. ↑ Suspected data abuse: Public prosecutors are investigating textile discounter Kik. In: Spiegel Online. May 20, 2009. Retrieved July 22, 2010 .
  49. ↑ Nils Klawitter: Retail: How expensive is cheap? In: Spiegel Online. September 26, 2009, p. 2 , accessed July 22, 2010 .
  50. ↑ How expensive is cheap Der Spiegel , September 26, 2009, accessed on November 18, 2019
  51. ↑ Christian Teevs: Creditreform data: textile discounter KiK peered personal finances. In: Spiegel Online. July 22, 2010. Retrieved July 22, 2010 .
  52. ^ Discounter Kik: Hunt for poor employees , Panorama, broadcast on July 22, 2010
  53. ↑ KiK Sustainability Report 2017 , KiK , accessed on November 18, 2019
  54. ↑ Code of Conduct. In: KiK. 2015, accessed January 9, 2018 .
  55. ↑ Bangladesh increases wages for women textile workers Tagesschau , January 13, 2019, accessed on November 18, 2019
  56. ↑ Why the textile discounter KiK is calling for a law on responsibility for good production conditions Neue Zürcher Zeitung , December 24, 2018, accessed on November 18, 2019
  57. ↑ Kik has learned from damage to its imagel Lebensmittel Zeitung , July 20, 2018, accessed on November 18, 2019
  58. ↑ Wage gap in the Süddeutsche Zeitung supply chain , August 12, 2019, accessed on November 18, 2019
  59. ↑ https://www.just-style.com/news/kik-completes-ali-enterprises-compensation-payment_id129953.aspx
  60. ↑ KiK and Aldi join textile alliance , www.tagesspiegel.de, accessed on August 20, 2015
  61. ↑ District Court Dortmund dismisses suit against KIK due to the statute of limitations from District Court Dortmund , January 10, 2019, accessed on November 18, 2019
  62. ^ Higher Regional Court Hamm, 9 U 44/19 Justiz NRW , May 21, 2019, accessed on November 18, 2019
  63. ↑ Factory fire victims finally get money Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , January 18, 2018, accessed on November 18, 2019
  64. ↑ KiK "surprised, affected and shocked" . In: Die Welt from May 2, 2013
  65. ↑ David Böcking, Hasnain Kazim, Nils Klawitter: Controversial textile discounter: This is how the Kik boss adjusts the facts . In: Spiegel Online from May 19, 2015, accessed on January 10, 2019
  66. ↑ Kik pays one million dollars to victims in Bangladesh Der Spiegel , April 3, 2014, accessed November 18, 2019
  67. ↑ $ 30 million for Rana Plaza victims together Die Welt , June 9, 2015, accessed November 18, 2019
  68. ^ The Bangladesh Accord on Fire and Building Safety , accessed September 2, 2015
  69. ↑ Textile industry agrees on working conditions. Handelsblatt, June 28, 2017, accessed on November 13, 2017 .
  70. ^ Accord on Fire and Building Safety. KiK, accessed on November 18, 2019 .
  71. ↑ Social audits in the textile industry: How to control the controllers? Business & Human Rights Resource Center , February 4, 2019, accessed November 18, 2019
  72. ↑ How KiK is raising the bar on working conditions Just Style , April 11, 2017, accessed November 18, 2019
  73. ^ The Bangladesh Accord on Fire and Building Safety , accessed September 2, 2015
  74. ↑ Textile alliance wants to replace 100 problem chemicals. Retrieved January 9, 2018 .
  75. ↑ Most popular clothing stores and textile department stores Statista , November 15, 2019, accessed on November 18, 2019
  76. ↑ TextilWirtschaft Big Business TextilWirtschaft , October 18, 2018, accessed on November 18, 2019
  77. ↑ Alnatura, Tegut and dm convince consumers with sustainability - Schlecker and KiK punished. (No longer available online.) Formerly in the original ; Retrieved April 8, 2017 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.ifhkoeln.de
  78. ↑ Top Shops 2015 - Mode & Accessoires , Computer Bild, accessed on September 4, 2015
  79. ↑ German CSR Prize 2018 awarded CSR Berlin , accessed on November 18, 2019
  80. ↑ KiK awarded for CSR engagement KiK , accessed on November 18, 2019

Coordinates: 51 ° 36 ′ 39.5 ″  N , 7 ° 46 ′ 48.3 ″  E