Środa Wielkopolska
| Środa Wielkopolska | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Greater Poland | ||
| Powiat : | Środa Wielkopolska | ||
| Area : | 17.98 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 52 ° 13 ' N , 17 ° 17' E | ||
| Residents : | 23,368 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Postal code : | 63-000 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 61 | ||
| License plate : | PSR | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | DK11 Poznan - Jarocin | ||
| Rail route : | Kreuzburg – Poznan | ||
| Next international airport : | Poznan-Ławica | ||
| Gmina | |||
| Gminatype: | Urban and rural municipality | ||
| Gmina structure: | 34 school authorities | ||
| Surface: | 207.10 km² | ||
| Residents: | 32,473 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Population density : | 157 inhabitants / km² | ||
| Community number ( GUS ): | 3025043 | ||
| Administration (as of 2012) | |||
| Mayor : | Wojciech Ziętkowski | ||
| Address: | ul.Daszyńskiego 5 63-000 Środa Wielkopolska |
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| Website : | www.sroda.wlkp.pl | ||
Środa Wielkopolska (German: Schroda , older also Neumarkt ) is a city in Poland in the Greater Poland Voivodeship .
history
The first mention of today's Sroda Wielkopolska dates back to 1234. Between the years 1253 and 1261 the site was the town charter by Magdeburg rights under the city name Neumarkt awarded.
Schroda's heyday was in the 15th and 16th centuries. The Second (1655–1661) and the Third Northern War (1700–1721) hampered the development of the city. During the latter, it was destroyed by the Swedes in 1707. During the second partition of Poland , the city came to Prussia in 1793 . At that time there was a town hall, two churches, a chapel and a monastery. From 1807 to 1815 the city was part of the Duchy of Warsaw , after which it was again Prussian and the seat of the Schroda district .
A post office was set up in 1842 and a telegraph station in 1870 . Five years later it was connected to the rail network between Poznan and Kreuzburg . After the First World War , the city became part of the re-established Poland in 1919.
The train station and the sugar factory were bombed by the German Air Force on the first day of World War II. The occupation by Hitler's Germany ended on January 23, 1945.
Until 1967 the city was called Środa in Polish, after which the addition Wielkopolska (= Greater Poland ) was added. Between the administrative reforms from 1975 to 1998 it was part of the Poznan Voivodeship , now it is part of the Greater Poland Voivodeship.
Population development
When it was incorporated into Prussia in 1793, a list of the size of the city was made. 215 houses were counted, 100 of which were within the city, the rest were in four sub-settlements. 1,009 people lived there, 556 of them men. Divided according to religion, there were 897 Catholics, 102 Jews and ten Evangelicals. In 1800 the population had grown to 1,217. In 1890, 4,164 of the 4,988 inhabitants were Catholic, 257 Jewish and 562 Protestant.
The following shows the population development graphically:
Culture and sights
Buildings
- The late Gothic church, which was built between 1423 and 1428 and was rebuilt at the end of the 15th / beginning of the 16th century, is worth seeing. Next to the church is a chapel built between 1598 and 1602 by the Gostomski family in the late Renaissance style. The neo-Gothic bell tower from 1869 deserves attention.
- Between 1883 and 1888 a neo-Romanesque Protestant (now Catholic) church was built.
- A water tower from 1910/11 is also worth seeing.
- The neoclassical Bieganowo Palace was built in 1914.
local community
The urban and rural municipality (gmina miejsko-wiejska) Środa Wielkopolska has an area of 207.1 km² with about 30,000 inhabitants. The following smaller localities, which are grouped into 34 Schulzenämter, belong to the municipality:
| Surname | German name (1815-1918) |
German name (1939–45) |
|---|---|---|
| Annopole | Anna Colony | Anna Colony |
| Babin | Babin | Frauenhof |
| Bieganowo | Bieganowo | Laufenstedt |
| Brodowo | Brodowo | Reichstedt |
| Brzeziak | Vorwerk Brzeziak | Birkau |
| Brzezie | Brzezie 1910-18 breach |
breach |
| Brzeziny | Vorwerk Brzeziny | Birkenfelde |
| Chocicza | Chocicza | Owl's nest |
| Chudzice | Chudzice 1910-18 Kahlhorst |
Kahlhorst |
| Chwałkowo | Marthashagen | Marthashagen |
| Czarne Piątkowo | Czarnepiontkowo | Pontkau |
| Czartki | Czartki | Wretched |
| Dębicz | Good Dembicz | Eichwalde |
| Dębiczek | Dembicz 1906-18 Dembicz Colony |
Calibration station |
| Gajówka | Forest house Podgaj | Forsthaus Kleinhagen |
| Grójec | Grujec | Grundhofen |
| Henrykowo | Henrykowo 1908-18 Hedingen |
Hedingen |
| Janowo | Janowo | Hanstedt |
| Januszewo | Januszewo 1906-18 Jahnsfeld |
Jahnsfeld |
| Jarosławiec | Jaroslawiec | Hermannsdorf |
| Kijewo | Kijewo | Stockheim |
| Koszuty | Koszuty | Körber |
| Koszuty-Huby | Koszuty Colony | |
| Lorenka | Vorwerk Lerchenfeld | Lerchenfeld |
| Mączniki | Moncznik 1906-18 Montschnik |
Montschau |
| Marcelino | Marcelino | |
| Marianowo Brodowskie | Vorwerk Marianowo | Marienfelde |
| Nadziejewo | Nadziejewo | Hope Valley |
| Nietrzanowo | Nietrzanowo | Nienstedt |
| Nowe Miasto nad Warta | Nowe Miasto nad Warta | Neustadt a / W |
| Olszewo | Olszewo | Erlau |
| Pętkowo | Pentkowo | Fesselsdorf |
| Pierzchnica | Pierzschno 1906–18 Colony Pierschno |
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| Pierzchno | Pierschno | Reinkingshofen |
| Pławce | Plawce 1906-18 Klingenburg |
Klingenburg |
| Podgaj | Vorwerk Podgaj | Kleinhagen |
| Połażejewo | Polazejewo | Pfohlsheim |
| Ramutki | Ramutki | Elisenhof |
| Romanowo | Romanowo | Petersdorf |
| Rumiejki | Noble Rumiejki | Rotenbach |
| Ruszkowo | Ruszkowo 1906-18 Ruschkowo |
Ruschkau |
| Słupia Wielka | Slupia 1906-18 Large Slupia |
Bleckersdorf |
| Staniszewo | Staniszewo | Rehfelde |
| Starkowiec Piątkowski | Starkowiec | Hardship |
| Strzeszki | Strzeszki 1906-18 Beet Fields |
Rübenfelde |
| Szlachcin | Slachcin |
1939–43 Adelstett 1943–45 Adelstätt |
| Szlachcin-Huby | Slachcin colony | |
| Tadeuszowo | Tadeuszowo | Heinrichsaue |
| Topola | Topola | Poplars |
| Trzebisławki | Trebisheim | Trebisheim |
| Turek | Vorwerk Turek | Turnau |
| Ulejno | Ulejno | German Defense |
| Urniszewo | Vorwerk Urniszewo | Wildwerder |
| Winna Gora | Winnagura 1906-18 Winnagora |
Winnenberg |
| Włostowo | Wlostowo | Giessendorf |
| Żabikowo | Zabikowo 1906-18 Heickerode |
Heickerode |
| Zdziechowice | Zdziechowice 1906-18 Meienfelde |
Meienfelde |
| Zielniczki | Zielnik 1906-18 Schellendorf |
Schellendorf |
| Zielniki | Good Zielnik | Schellenhagen |
| Zmysłowo | Zmyslovo | Bright |
Economy and Infrastructure
Industry
There is a body shop from Solaris Bus & Coach .
traffic
At the southern end of the city, the state road 11 (droga krajowa 11) runs from southeast to northwest . After about 23 kilometers this leads to the A2 autostrada . The A2 runs in an east-west direction about nine kilometers north of the city. In a southerly direction, the DK11 leads to Jarocin after about 33 kilometers . Furthermore, the Voivodship Road 432 (droga wojewódzka 432) runs through Środa Wielkopolska, connecting Września in the northeast with Śrem in the southwest.
The city is located on the Kluczbork – Poznań railway , and the Schrodaer Kreisbahn used to exist .
The nearest international airport is Posen-Ławica Airport, about 40 kilometers north-west .
Personalities
sons and daughters of the town
- Franz Mertens (1840–1927), Polish-Austrian mathematician
- Emil Thomas (1858–1923), classical philologist
- Georg Küntzel (1870–1945), historian
- Kurt Kaul (1890–1944), SS group leader and major general of the police
- Arthur Greiser (1897–1946), Gauleiter of the NSDAP in the Reichsgau Wartheland
- Jan Panczak (* 1938), German-Polish voice actor
- Friedemann Berger (1940–2009), writer
- Hans Stumpfeldt (1941–2018), sinologist
- Klaus von Klitzing (* 1943), physicist and Nobel Prize winner
- Magdalena Jagelke (* 1974), Polish author
- Rafał Wieruszewski (* 1981), Polish sprinter
Other personalities associated with the city
- Karl Kubicki (1824–1902), businessman and member of the German Reichstag
- Heinrich Winchenbach (1837–1929), Senate President at the Imperial Court
- Ludwig von Jazdzewski (1838–1911), Polish Catholic theologian and politician
literature
- Heinrich Wuttke : City book of the country Posen. Codex diplomaticus: General history of the cities in the region of Poznan. Historical news from 149 individual cities . Leipzig 1864, pp. 446-447.
- B. Drobig: History of the city of Schroda . Schroda 1904 ( e-copy )
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
- ↑ http://www.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/bzg/images/Wandkarten/Wk_20.JPG
- ↑ Otto Dalchow: The cities of the Wartheland. A contribution to the settlement and regional studies of the province of Poznan . Noske, Borna / Leipzig 1910, p. 116.
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↑ For 1793 and 1800: the city's website, "O Środzie - Historia" ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed on March 2, 2008
For 1875, 1880 and 1890: Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Schroda district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
For 1910: gemeindeververzeichnis.de, Landkreis Schroda , accessed on March 2, 2008
For 1995, 2000, 2005: Główny Urząd Statystyczny ( Memento of March 7, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
For June 30, 2007:
