Koblenz-Rauental

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Koblenz-Rauental
Altstadt Arenberg Arzheim Asterstein Bubenheim Ehrenbreitstein Goldgrube Güls Horchheim Horchheimer Höhe Immendorf Karthause Kesselheim Lay Lützel Metternich Moselweiß Neuendorf Niederberg Oberwerth Pfaffendorf Pfaffendorfer Höhe Rauental Rübenach Stolzenfels Südliche Vorstadt Wallersheim KoblenzLocation of the Koblenz-Rauental district
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Basic data
District since: Founded around 1900
Area : 1.83 km²
Residents : 4,645 (Sep 30, 2012)
Population density : 2534 inhabitants per km²
Postal code : 56073
Area code : 0261
License plate : KO

Koblenz-Rauental is a district of Koblenz . The district did not get its name until 1975, before it was called Westliche Vorstadt. It lies in the Moselle bend with the last Moselle barrage (on the so-called Moselle reservoir ) south of the Moselle and is bounded in the east by the old town , in the southwest by Moselle white and in the south by the gold mine . This district thus constitutes an infrastructural link between the urban center of Koblenz and the local recreation and wine-growing areas on the Moselle. At the western end there is an administrative center, the Marienhof hospital and building complexes of the Federal Office for Equipment, Information Technology and Use of the Bundeswehr (BAAINBw).

history

Building of the former Boelcke barracks
The former cattle market hall of the slaughterhouse
Marienhof Catholic Clinic

The history of the Rauental goes back to the 13th century. However, there was nothing more to be found here than its name implies, a rough, scrub-covered vineyard and farmland. Only the Weißer Weg, or later the Moselweißer Weg, led through this unreal area. The first documentary mention was made in 1276 when the German Order Coming Koblenz was bequeathed a wingert in Ruendale , which is called Rauendal in 1288 . The Jewish cemetery was laid out in 1303 on one of these vineyards at the gates of the city of Koblenz .

Until the end of the 19th century, the area of ​​today's district was mainly field, garden and fallow land. There was only lively construction activity from around 1900, after the city ​​fortifications were abandoned and the settlement area of ​​Koblenz expanded to the south ( southern suburb ) and west ( gold mine and Rauental). As early as 1888–1890 the Koblenz slaughterhouse was built in the bend of the Moselle , from which the cattle market hall has been preserved to this day.

With the construction of the fortress Koblenz in 1823–1827 the Moselweißer Schanze was built in the Rauental . After it was leveled in 1897–1898, the telegraph barracks , which later became the Boelcke barracks , were built on this site . Since 2000 there have been apartments, the music college and adult education center in the area. In the north-east, the old Falckenstein barracks was built in 1898 , through which the southern bridge ramp has led since the Europe Bridge was built in 1932–1934. Two team buildings in Baedekerstrasse have been preserved to this day. In the years 1908–1911 a military hospital was built, in which the Westphalia barracks was set up in the 1930s . The building complex of the Federal Office for Equipment, Information Technology and Use of the Federal Armed Forces stands on this site today . Shortly before the outbreak of the First World War , a barracks complex was built on Steinstrasse, but it was converted into residential buildings shortly after the war.

On the banks of the Moselle, the second gas works , after the one in the Laubach, was built in Koblenz in 1897 . This is the historical nucleus of the Mittelrhein Energy Supply , which was founded in 1934 and is one of the largest gas and water supply companies in Rhineland-Palatinate today. A hospital was founded on Moselweißer Strasse in 1903 by the order of the Sisters of the Holy Spirit, the forerunner of today's Marienhof Catholic Clinic . The sisters built their mother house next to it in 1888. The first work on the Moselle canalization began as early as World War II . The Koblenz barrage was built on the bend of the Moselle between the Rauental and Lützel , but it was not completed until 1951. After the Second World War, a mineral oil port was established in the Moselle bend , which was abandoned in 1999. Since then, the "Office Park Moselstausee" has been built on the area around the Moselle arch.

The residents of the inorganically grown district had no documented awareness of their place until the beginning of the Second World War. This only changed in 1933 with the establishment of the St. Elisabeth parish . A first church building was erected in Steinstrasse in the same year. After the war destruction, the district was particularly affected by the air raids on Koblenz because of its proximity to the Koblenz-Mosel railway depot , the church was rebuilt in Moselweißer Strasse in 1953–1954 and gave the young district a new center. In 1975 the Koblenz city council unanimously agreed to the official name Rauental for what had been known as the western suburb .

Cultural monuments

  • The Catholic parish church of St. Elisabeth , built from 1953 to 1954 according to plans by Dominikus Böhm with the assistance of his son Gottfried Böhm , is one of the most important churches of the 1950s on the Middle Rhine. Typical of the Böhms' style is the surrounding glass mosaic strip of light, which makes the church so bright on sunny days that you can do without artificial light. In the interior there were originally 31 opal glass pendant lights above the four rows of pews and around the altar, which were replaced by plexiglass during a renovation in 1998 . This construction should be a harmonious addition to natural daylight on cloudy days and, in itself, represent a creative light architecture for church services at dark times.
  • The synagogue and the Jewish cemetery are located in the Rauental .
  • The cattle market hall of the city slaughterhouse was built in 1911–1913 as a self-supporting reinforced concrete structure. Because of this special construction method, the middle section has been a listed building since 2002 and was used for cultural purposes by a potential investor who ultimately did not get a chance. The search for investors for the building in need of renovation dragged on from 2006 to 2008 and ended with the opening of a HIT branch in October 2009. This decision was not without controversy, critics would have preferred a continuation of the cultural use.

Infrastructure and traffic

Office park Moselstausee: Entrance area of ​​the Mittelrhein energy supply
Main station of the Koblenz professional fire brigade

History explains the heterogeneous structure of the district, which is still clearly recognizable at the beginning of the 21st century.

The northern periphery of the Moselle reservoir is an office park that encompasses the area between the extensive company premises of Energieversorgung Mittelrhein GmbH and the former slaughterhouse. It houses a number of businesses and administrative facilities as well as a congress hotel with an exterior facade designed in expressive colors and its own art gallery. Before 1975, the utility company's large gas boiler was the “landmark” of this area. He stood in the middle of a landscape park with old trees, fruit and vegetable gardens, which belonged to the office of the technical manager. Outside this park there were administration buildings, warehouses, barracks and material dumps for the energy supply, with the slaughterhouse to the west. With the conversion of the gas supply of the city of Koblenz to natural gas in 1970, the gas container was no longer necessary. After its dismantling in 1975, the entire arch of the Moselle was renewed in the 1980s to create an office park in line with contemporary ideas. All previously existing facilities were demolished for this purpose, except for the historic cattle market hall. The Koblenz professional fire brigade is located east of the former landscape park, of which a small area is still left, on the site of former coal heaps.

The Moselle reservoir itself is a popular leisure area for rowers and sailors. When it froze over in February 1963 at temperatures below −15 ° C for weeks and the water pipes burst in the city, ice skating on the ice was just as great an attraction for the children, which has not been repeatable since then, as securing the water supply for those responsible for the energy supply was a unique challenge. Beyond the Moselle barrage (to the east), a promenade named after Peter Altmeier runs under the Europabrücke and Balduinbrücke to the Deutsches Eck . Opposite the Rauental on the left bank of the Moselle are the districts of Metternich and Lützel .

The B 49 separates the commercially used areas in the Moselle bend from the residential areas of the Rauental. Traffic-calmed streets with multi-family apartment buildings, some of which are in need of renovation, but also well-kept single and two-family houses with small gardens characterize the townscape. Independent craft businesses and small shops, which were part of the infrastructure in the middle of the 20th century, no longer exist at the beginning of the 21st century. The same applies to a large-scale nursery that was located in the center of the district. Some traditional corner pubs have been preserved, others in Italian, Greek or Turkish hands. There is a kindergarten in the parish of St. Elisabeth and the elementary school named after Freiherr vom Stein in the street of the same name.

Supermarkets, retail stores and small service companies are concentrated on Moselweißer Straße, the main thoroughfare on the southern edge of the Rauental from the city to Moselweiß, on this street is also the parish church of St. Elisabeth. In the streets south of Moselweißer Straße (bordering the Goldgrube district), new condominiums were built from 2006 on the site of the former Boelcke barracks.

The BAAINBw is located on the border with the so-called Administrative Center II of Moselweiß, away from the B 49 . The Moselle route runs south of the district and forms the border to the gold mine.

The construction of a new train stop is planned on the Moselle route between Rauental and Goldgrube (near Follmannstrasse). A pedestrian overpass is also being considered, with which Goldgrube and Rauental could be better connected.

literature

  • Energieversorgung Mittelrhein GmbH (ed.): History of the city of Koblenz. Overall editing: Ingrid Bátori in conjunction with Dieter Kerber and Hans Josef Schmidt. Theiss, Stuttgart 1992-1993;
  • Wolfgang Schütz: Koblenz heads. People from the city's history - namesake for streets and squares. Verlag für Werbung Blätter GmbH Mülheim-Kärlich, Ed .: Bernd Weber, 2005 (2nd revised and expanded edition).
  • Ulrike Weber (edit.): City of Koblenz. City districts (= monument topography Federal Republic of Germany . Cultural monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate. Vol. 3, 3). Werner, Worms 2013, ISBN 978-3-88462-345-9 .

Web links

Commons : Koblenz-Rauental  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Horchheim, Goldgrube, Bendorf: New train stops are planned rhein-zeitung.de, July 26, 2016, accessed on September 23, 2016

Coordinates: 50 ° 21 ′ 39 ″  N , 7 ° 34 ′ 50 ″  E