Koblenz-Horchheim

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Koblenz-Horchheim
Altstadt Arenberg Arzheim Asterstein Bubenheim Ehrenbreitstein Goldgrube Güls Horchheim Horchheimer Höhe Immendorf Karthause Kesselheim Lay Lützel Metternich Moselweiß Neuendorf Niederberg Oberwerth Pfaffendorf Pfaffendorfer Höhe Rauental Rübenach Stolzenfels Südliche Vorstadt Wallersheim KoblenzLocation of the Koblenz-Horchheim district
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Basic data
District since: 1937
Area : 1.20 km²
Residents : 3,236 (Sep 30, 2018)
Population density : 2,697 inhabitants per km²
Postal code : 56076
Area code : 0261
License plate : KO

Koblenz-Horchheim is a district of Koblenz . It is located on the right bank of the Rhine between Pfaffendorf and the city of Lahnstein . Horchheim was incorporated into the city of Koblenz on July 1, 1937 . This also included the later newly created district of Horchheimer Höhe , which includes the entire original Horchheimer Forest and extends to the city limits of Bad Ems (Denzer Heide). From Horchheim, the Horchheimer railway bridge and the south bridge lead over the Rhine to Oberwerth .

history

The Catholic Parish Church of St. Maximin
Luther Chapel
Horchheimer railway bridge

Grave finds on the today independent Horchheimer Höhe suggest a Celtic settlement. In the north of today's Horchheim, grave fields from the time of the Merovingians were found near the construction of a street . The first written mention of the place was around 1200. The name Horchheim is probably derived from its location on the water ( Old High German  hor  ' swamp '). He was called Horegheym in 1189, Horcheim in 1204, Horicheim in 1294, Horicheym in 1319, Hoergheym in 1430 and Horcheim again in 1550.

Horchheim red wine was grown on the slopes north of the village until 1920 . In connection with viticulture, the Altenberg monastery courtyard was first mentioned in 1191 due to a wine donation by the Abbot of Altenberg . Pope Innocent III confirmed in 1210 that the monastery owned a wine press house in Horchheim. At the end of the 12th century the first church was built, the tower of which is still part of the parish church of St. Maximin .

Many farms in Horchheim have been occupied since the Middle Ages . Important monasteries and monasteries from Koblenz and the surrounding area, such as the Kastorstift , the Carmelites , the Jesuits , the Carthusian monasteries , the Benedictines and the Niederwerth monastery had properties in the village. The Presence Courtyard, which was first mentioned in 1408 but is much older, at the southern exit of the village has been preserved from St. Florin's Abbey to this day.

Since the 16th century, the Trier electors , the knights of Heddesdorf and the knights of Reiffenberg shared control of Horchheim. In the second half of the 18th century, the Barons von Eyß took over the Reiffenbergs' share. A palace that still exists today was laid out in 1761–1765 under Baron Matthias von Eyß.

The Berlin banker Joseph Mendelssohn bought a palace and the former Altenberger Hof in 1818 . Here he had a park laid out and a garden and tea house built. In today's Mendelssohn Park, the former location of the Mendelssohn family's country estate and an associated winery, there is a bronze sculpture created by the Koblenz artist Josef Welling, which commemorates Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy and his stays at his uncle's house in Horchheim. The garden and tea house was converted into the Evangelical Luther Chapel in 1922 .

In the Electorate of Trier, Horchheim belonged to the Ehrenbreitstein office and in 1787 had 611 inhabitants. With the acquisition of the Rhineland by Prussia did the mayor Ehrenbreitstein in county Koblenz . By 1864 the number of inhabitants rose to 1294, in 1925 the mark of 3000 inhabitants was exceeded. Horchheim was incorporated into the city of Koblenz on July 1, 1937, along with other places in the area. With 772 hectares, Horchheim contributed most of the city's growth. This also included the later newly created district of Horchheimer Höhe , which includes the entire original Horchheim forest and extends to the city limits of Bad Ems (Denzer Heide).

As part of the right-hand Rhine route , a railway line between Niederlahnstein and Koblenz was built in the early 1860s . It initially led over the Pfaffendorfer Bridge and separated Horchheim from the Rhine. In the course of the construction of the so-called Kanonenbahn ( Berlin - Metz ) the Horchheimer railway bridge was put into operation in 1879 . The place was now enclosed on three sides by railroad tracks . In order to give the Horchheimer railway bridge a departure to the north in the direction of Ehrenbreitstein, the 576 meter long Horchheimer tunnel was built between 1901 and 1902. From 1936 to 1938, a Reichsstraße (today the B 42 ) was laid out as a bypass road east of the village halfway up the slope. Today it separates the districts of Horchheim and Horchheimer Höhe.

In 1937, a large area on the Schmidtenhöhe (Horchheimer Wald) was expropriated for the Wehrmacht in order to give the soldiers of the adjacent barracks a training area. The Koblenz-Schmidtenhöhe on-site training area is still used by the Bundeswehr today. On one part of the area was developed in the 2000s, a nature reserve , which by the concept of a semi-open pasture landscape with Taurus cattle and Konikpferden is grazed to excessive encroachment prevent. This is intended to preserve the appropriate habitat for rare species. Adjacent to the south is the Tongrube nature reserve on Escherfeld .

In the course of the 1960s, considerations arose to convert agricultural land (especially strawberry cultivation) into building areas. At that time, all of the major authorities in Koblenz had a huge need for living space for their employees. So, from 1964 onwards, a new district emerged, the Horchheimer Höhe . The last major transport project of decisive importance for Horchheim was the construction of the south bridge from 1969–1975. It received connections to Horchheim (Emser Straße) and a traffic intersection with the B 42. From here, in November 1986, the construction of a section of the B 49 was released as a bypass road to Bad Ems -Denzerheide.

traffic

The construction of a Koblenz-Horchheim railway station is planned at the Alte Heerstraße overpass . The construction costs are estimated at 1 million euros.

Attractions

Personalities

The following personalities were born in Horchheim:

literature

  • Anton Struth: Memories from my life. Told by the long-time head of the parish, Anton Struth in Horchheim. August - September 1910. New edition. - Koblenz: Heimatfreunde Horchheim 1999.
  • Udo Liessem: Horchheim yesterday and today. Edited by the Kolping family Koblenz-Horchheim. - Koblenz: Kolping family Koblenz-Horchheim 1992.
  • Alois Honsdorf: Alt-Horchheim in maps and photographs. - Koblenz: Heimatfreunde Horchheim 1996.
  • Hans Lehnet: Horchheim. 200 years of local history. 1800-2000. From the village to the district of Koblenz. - Koblenz: Heimatfreunde Horchheim 2002.
  • Ulrike Weber (edit.): Cultural monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate. Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. Volume 3.3: City of Koblenz. Districts. Werner, Worms 2013, ISBN 978-3-88462-345-9 .
  • Horchheim 1214-2014. A commemorative publication on the history of the Catholic parish of St. Maximin and the Koblenz-Horchheim district on the occasion of the parish's 800th anniversary. Publisher: Heimatfreunde Horchheim e. V. in connection with the local ring and the parish. Editor: Hans Josef Schmidt. - Koblenz: Heimatfreunde Horchheim e. V. 2014. ISBN 978-3-00-045925-2

Documents

Web links

Commons : Koblenz-Horchheim  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ 25 years ago the first cars rolled over the Koblenzer Südtangente in: Rhein-Zeitung , December 7th, 2011
  2. ↑ Horchheim, Goldgrube, Bendorf: New train stops are planned rhein-zeitung.de, July 26, 2016, accessed on September 23, 2016

Coordinates: 50 ° 19 ′ 41 ″  N , 7 ° 35 ′ 50 ″  E