Kutzow

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Kutzow is a district of the municipality Zirchow on the island of Usedom in the district of Vorpommern-Greifswald . Kutzow adjoins Zirchow immediately to the southwest and, like the main town of the municipality, is located at the southeast end of the Thurbruch . The federal road 110 and the connecting road to Heringsdorf Airport lead through the district .

The Thurbruch between Kutzow and Görke

history

Finds of stone axes and stone spearheads from the Neolithic (5500 to 1800 BC ) on the Kutzow field mark indicate an early settlement of the area.

Kutzow was mentioned in two documents dated to 1239 as "Cwtsowe" ( PUB No. 365) and "Cutzow" (PUB No. 367) and in another document dated to 1247 (PUB No. 453) as "Cutzowe". The historian Robert Klempin classified these three documents as "fake". It is about forgeries made towards the end of the 14th century in favor of the Grobe monastery in the border dispute with the Stolpe monastery over shares in the Thurbruch and in the dispute with the Lords of Schwerin . The Slavic place name is interpreted as "trimmed".

1256 the place was mentioned as Cussove in a document of Duke Barnim I of Pomerania . In 1262, the Grobe monastery acquired the village of Cutzow from the same duke for 120 marks , with which the von Schwerin family was enfeoffed . The Schwerin remained in the feudal possession of the village. In 1353, for example, the monastery sold four marks annually from Kutzow to the clergyman Peter Bruggow, which the knight Gerhard Schwerin had to pay. Bruggow, who later became the parish priest of Usedom , donated 40 marks from his paternal inheritance to the monastery in Kutzow.

Due to an order of the General Chapter in Premontre from 1370, the monastery began in the last decades of the 14th century with the repurchase of the goods given to feudal holders and the dissolution of the feudal relationships, which led to bitter conflicts between monastery and vassals. The monastery was finally able to assert itself with forged documents and, after the Schwerine on Kutzow died out, with Nicolaus Schwerin, in 1402, the monastery was fiefdom.

After the introduction of the Reformation in Pomerania in 1534, the monastery property was secularized in 1535 and converted into the ducal office of Pudagla. From 1566 Kutzow was leased as a domain , but from 1602 it was again managed as a Vorwerk by Pudagla itself. The villages Garz , Kamminke , Neverow and Korswandt and two half-farmers from Zirchow had for Kutzow Frondienste afford. After the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, Kutzow became part of Swedish Pomerania, like the entire island of Usedom . In the Greifswald State Archives there is a matriculation card from Kutzow, which was created at the Swedish Land Survey of Western Pomerania . Around 1698 farmers from Kutzow asked in vain for tax relief and seed grain after five bad harvests. During the Great Northern War , the Swedish government had to pledge the Kutzow and Kachlin goods to the city of Stettin for 14,090 thalers .

Underpass on the disused Ducherow – Heringsdorf railway line

In 1713 Prussia occupied the entire island of Usedom, which officially passed into Prussian ownership in 1720. Around 1779 a Büdner , two colonists and a blacksmith lived in Kutzow with their families.The blacksmith also operated the Kutzower Krug , referred to by Brüggemann as "the Cutzowsche Krug", which was located north of the estate on the postal route from Usedom to Swinoujscie. In 1794 the Vorwerk was sold to the then sub-tenant Adolf Schmidt, first as a hereditary lease , later as a free allodium and thus became an estate . From 1858 to 1861 the Poststrasse leading through Kutzow to the Chaussee was expanded. The route between the Kutzower Krug and the neighboring Zirchow was shortened by means of a road embankment over a southern branch of the Thurbruch. In 1863 the place had 140 inhabitants who lived in eight houses. After the construction of the railway line from Ducherow to Swinoujscie through the area of ​​the estate in the 1870s, there was a railway stop in Kutzow until 1945.

In 1905 Kutzow had 151 inhabitants. In 1920 the landowner Heydemann had a wind pumping station built in Thurbruch , which was moved to Kachlin in 1926. Until it was incorporated into the municipality of Zirchow in 1929, Kutzow was an estate district in the Dargen district . Between 1930 and 1934 the estate was divided up and relocated. Several farms were built, but the remnants were preserved and can still be seen today. Manor house, manor park and some farm buildings have survived. The area between the manor and the Kutzower Krug has meanwhile been built on with further residential houses. During the GDR era, the forge served the local LPG as a workshop for agricultural engineering. Further houses were built to the north and northwest of it.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Robert Burkhardt : Chronicle of the island of Usedom. Section 2: Until the end of the Reformation (1535). W. Fritzsche, Swinemünde 1909, p. 117.
  2. ↑ a b Pomeranian document book . Vol. I, No. 365, 367, 453.
  3. ↑ Manfred Niemeyer: Ostvorpommern I . Collection of sources and literature on place names. Vol. 1: Usedom. (= Greifswald contributions to toponymy. Vol. 1), Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University of Greifswald, Institute for Slavic Studies, Greifswald 2001, ISBN 3-86006-149-6 , p. 31 ff
  4. ^ Pomeranian document book . Vol. II, No. 621.
  5. ^ A b Robert Burkhardt : Chronicle of the island of Usedom. Section 1: Up to the end of the thirteenth century. W. Fritzsche, Swinemünde 1909, p. 100.
  6. ^ Pomeranian document book . Vol. II, No. 726.
  7. ^ Robert Burkhardt : Chronicle of the island of Usedom. Section 2: Until the end of the Reformation (1535). W. Fritzsche, Swinemünde 1909, p. 38.
  8. ^ Hermann Hoogeweg : The founders and monasteries of the province of Pomerania. Vol. 2. Leon Saunier, Stettin 1925, p. 327.
  9. ^ Hermann Hoogeweg : The founders and monasteries of the province of Pomerania. Vol. 2. Leon Saunier, Stettin 1925, pp. 289f.
  10. ^ Robert Burkhardt : Chronicle of the island of Usedom. Section 2: Until the end of the Reformation (1535). W. Fritzsche, Swinemünde 1909, p. 53.
  11. ↑ Dirk Schleinert : The history of the island of Usedom . Hinstorff Verlag, Rostock 2005, ISBN 3-356-01081-6 , p. 59.
  12. ^ Robert Burkhardt : Chronicle of the island of Usedom. Section 3: Since the Reformation. W. Fritzsche, Swinemünde 1912, p. 219.
  13. ^ A b Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann : Detailed description of the current state of the Royal Prussian Duchy of Western and Western Pomerania. Part I: General introduction and description of the Prussian West Pomerania. Stettin 1779, p. 254.
  14. ↑ Görke (Görcken, Giörken) Kutzow, Lütebock, Zirchow Office / District of Usedom. In: GeoGreif Geographical Collections. Retrieved September 9, 2014 .
  15. ^ Robert Burkhardt : Chronicle of the island of Usedom. Section 3: Since the Reformation. W. Fritzsche, Swinemünde 1912, p. 222.
  16. ^ Robert Burkhardt : Chronicle of the island of Usedom. Section 3: Since the Reformation. W. Fritzsche, Swinemünde 1912, p. 51.
  17. ^ Heinrich Berghaus : Land book of the Duchy of Pomerania and the Principality of Rügen. Part 2, Vol. 1, Dietze, Anklam 1865, pp. 487-488.
  18. ^ Robert Burkhardt : Chronicle of the island of Usedom. Section 3: Since the Reformation. W. Fritzsche, Swinemünde 1912, p. 234.
  19. ^ Wilhelm Ferdinand Gadebusch: Chronicle of the island of Usedom. Dietze, Anklam 1863, p. 253.
  20. ^ The communities in the East Pomeranian districts in 1905. The district of Usedom-Wollin. Ostpommern eV, accessed on September 9, 2014 .
  21. ^ Wilhelm H. Pantenius, Claus Schönert: Between Haff and Heringsdorf - The Thurbruch on Usedom . Neuendorf Verlag, Neubrandenburg 1999, ISBN 3-931897-11-7 , p. 48.
  22. ↑ Rolf Jehke: District Dargen. In: Territorial changes in Germany and German administered areas 1874 - 1945. Retrieved on September 9, 2014 .
  23. ↑ Dirk Schleinert : The history of the island of Usedom . Hinstorff Verlag, Rostock 2005, ISBN 3-356-01081-6 , p. 59.

Coordinates: 53 ° 53 '  N , 14 ° 8'  E