Lędyczek

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Lędyczek
Coat of arms of Lędyczek
Lędyczek (Poland)
Lędyczek
Lędyczek
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Greater Poland
Powiat : Złotów
Gmina : Okonek
Geographic location : 53 ° 32 '  N , 16 ° 57'  E Coordinates: 53 ° 32 '5 "  N , 16 ° 57' 22"  E
Residents : 540
Postal code : 64-916
Telephone code : (+48) 67
License plate : PZL
Economy and Transport
Street : DK22 Człuchów - Wałcz
Next international airport : Bydgoszcz



Lędyczek (German Landeck in West Prussia ) is a village in the Gmina Okonek (Ratzebuhr) in the powiat Złotowski (Flatow) of the Polish Voivodeship of Greater Poland .

Geographical location

The village is located in the former West Prussia , about six kilometers east of Okonek (Ratzebuhr) , 21 kilometers north of Złotów (Flatow) and 126 kilometers north of Posen at the confluence of the Debrzynka (Dobrinka) in the Gwda (Küddow) on a 15 to 20 Meter high slab 114 meters above sea level.

history

Landeck in West Prussia , southwest of Konitz and north of Flatow in West Prussia , on a map from 1908
St. Peter and Paul (Protestant until 1945)

The village owes its name to the fact that it was founded in the triangle formed by the borders of the Duchy of Pomerania , the Teutonic Order and the Kingdom of Poland . Their districts formed the extreme southwest corner of the order state. The political borders in this corner were formed by the Küddow river and its tributary Dobrinka. At this strategically important point in Landeck , the German Order of Knights built a so-called Wildhaus as a gate system .

Here the Markgrafenweg (Via Marchionis), later the Reichsstraße 1 ( Aachen - Berlin - Königsberg ), crossed the Küddow, on the bridge of which customs were levied in 1830. 1379 a nurse is named in Landeck. In 1447, Grand Master Conrad von Erlichhausen awarded the maintenance office of the castle and rule over the castle village to the noble Seiffriedt von Melen for life in return for the obligation to serve the order with three horses and armor. The castle, which was under the command of the Commander of Schlochau, was later destroyed by fire.

After the Thirteen Years of City War , in the Second Peace of Thorn in 1466 , Landeck came from the Teutonic Order to the autonomous Prussian Royal Share , which had renounced the order and voluntarily submitted to the sovereignty of the Polish crown. During this time the Ordensburg in Landeck burned down. It is no longer mentioned in 1664. By his coup-like decree of March 16, 1569 at the Lublin Reichstag, King Sigismund II August unilaterally terminated the autonomy of West Prussia under threat of severe penalties, which is why the sovereignty of the Polish king in this part of the former territory of the Teutonic Order from 1569 to 1772 as Foreign domination was felt.

When Poland was first partitioned in 1772 under King Friedrich II , a large part of this area of ​​the former Teutonic Order, including Landeck, came to the Kingdom of Prussia . In 1772 42 cloth makers, six cobblers, three Kruger and five privileged Jewish merchants are mentioned. Landeck had a municipal administration since 1775. In 1809 the first municipal elections took place. After the industrial development of the cloth-making trade came to a standstill here as well due to the Russian border barrier in the first half of the 19th century, Landeck remained a small market town. At the beginning of the 20th century, Landeck had a Protestant church and a synagogue .

Until 1922, Landeck belonged to the Prussian province of West Prussia (Marienwerder district), between 1922 and 1939 to the province of Grenzmark Posen-West Prussia , and between 1939 and 1945 to the district of Schlochau in the district of Schneidemühl in the Pomerania province . The district of Schlochau, the district of Neustettin and the district of Flatow came together near Landeck .

  • Street in the center

  • Street in the center

  • Kirchstrasse

  • Memorial cross in place

At the beginning of the 1930s, the district of Landeck had an area of ​​9.8 km², and in the urban area there were a total of 236 residential buildings in twelve different residential areas:

  1. Forsthaus Barkriege
  2. Landeck I.
  3. Landeck II
  4. Landeck i. Western pr.
  5. Landeckermühle
  6. Landeck forestry farm
  7. Leaseholder homestead Neusorge
  8. School Remmen
  9. Remmen forest workers' farm
  10. Tappertsberg forest workers' farm
  11. Forest workers farm Wiesengrund
  12. Fulling Mill

In 1925 there were 874 inhabitants in the city of Landeck, who were distributed over 236 households; among them were 766 Protestants, 40 Catholics and 61 Jews. Around 1930 there was a chief forestry and a sawmill in Landeck.

Towards the end of World War II , Landeck was occupied by the Red Army . After the war ended, the city was placed under Polish administration. The Poles introduced the place name Lędyczek for Landeck . Unless they had fled, the German residents were expelled from Landeck to the west in 1945 .

The village belonged to the Piła Voivodeship from 1975 to 1998 and since then to the Greater Poland Voivodeship. In 1972 what was then the smallest city in Poland was revoked its city rights.

Demographics

Population development until 1945
year Residents Remarks
1778 0450
1783 0400 mostly Protestant (ten Catholics and 24 Jews)
1800 0600
1802 0679
1810 0456
1816 0495 of which 395 Protestants and 100 Jews (no Catholics)
1821 0568
1831 0609
1857 0970
1860 1.002 including 854 Evangelicals, 114 Jews and 34 Catholics
1864 1,100
1871 1,050 including 850 Evangelicals, 182 Jews and 40 Catholics
1900 0886 mostly evangelicals
1905 0807
1925 0874 including 766 Protestants, 40 Catholics and 61 Jews
1933 0962
1939 1.010
Population since 1945
year Residents Remarks
2008 0526

Denominations

The early Catholic wooden church had been abandoned since 1617, as the population had become Protestant and, according to the Polish Sejm resolution, the churches were to be left or returned to the Catholics. In 1805 it was sold for demolition for 23 thalers. A syringe house was built in their place.

With the formation of the Evangelical Church in the Royal Prussian Lands from 1817, the Protestant parish belonged to its various regional structures. Around 1900 there was a Protestant town church in Landeck for the residents of Protestant faith. It was built from 1882 to 1884 with a red brick front tower in the neo-Romanesque arched style.

After 1800, a growing Jewish community developed through immigration; Its statute, however, only dates back to 1858. Its parish facilities also included a synagogue . The last building was built in the 1920s and replaced a now ailing building.

Today's Catholic St. Peter and Paul Church was the Protestant town church before 1945.

traffic

Lędyczek is connected to the European road network via the Polish state road DK 22 ( Kostrzyn nad Odrą ) (Küstrin) - Elbląg (Elbing) , the former Reichstrasse 1.

It is 6 km to Okonek (Ratzebuhr) , the train station on the Piła (Schneidemühl) - Ustka (Stolpmünde) line .

Sons and daughters of the place

literature

Web links

Footnotes

  1. ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Pomerania - Schlochau district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  2. ↑ a b c d Gunthard Stübs: The city of Landeck i. Western pr. in the former Schlochau district in Pomerania (2011).
  3. ↑ a b The Great Brockhaus . 15th edition, Volume 11, Leipzig 1923, p. 68.
  4. ↑ a b c d Ernst Bahr: Landeck . In: Handbook of historical sites: East and West Prussia , Kröner, Stuttgart 1981, ISBN 3-520-31701-X , p. 117.
  5. ^ Hans Prutz : History of the Neustadt district in West Prussia . Danzig 1872, p. 104 .
  6. ^ A. Reusch: West Prussia under Polish scepter. Ceremonial speech given at the Elbinger Gymnasium on 13th Spt. 1872 . In: Altpreußieche Monatsschrift , NF, Volume 10, Königsberg 1873, pp. 140–154, especially p. 146 .
  7. ^ Hans Prutz : History of the Neustadt district in West Prussia . Danzig 1872, p. 104 ff .
  8. ^ A b Meyers Konversations-Lexikon . Sixth edition, Volume 12, Leipzig and Vienna 1908, pp. 97–98.
  9. ↑ Manfred Vollack and Heinrich Lemke: The Schlochau district - A book from the Prussian-Pomeranian homeland . Kiel 1974, ISBN 3-9800051-1-9 , p. 319.
  10. ↑ a b c d Manfred Vollack and Heinrich Lemke: The district of Schlochau - A book from Prussian-Pomeranian homeland . Kiel 1974, ISBN 3-9800051-1-9 , p. 316
  11. ^ Johann Friedrich Goldbeck : Complete topography of the Kingdom of Prussia . Part II, Marienwerder 1789, p. 75, No. 8.)
  12. ↑ a b c d Alexander August Mützell and Leopold Krug : New topographical-statistical-geographical dictionary of the Prussian state . Volume 5: T – Z , Halle 1823, pp. 314–315.
  13. ^ August Eduard Preuss: Prussian country and folklore . Königsberg 1835, p. 378, No. 9.
  14. ^ Gustav Neumann: Geography of the Prussian State . 2nd edition, Volume 2, Berlin 1874, pp. 55–56, item 11.
  15. ↑ The parish belonged from 1817 to 1832 and 1886 to 1923 to the ecclesiastical province of West Prussia with its seat in Danzig, from 1832 to 1886 to the ecclesiastical province of Prussia with its seat in Königsberg in Prussia and from 1923 to 1945 to the ecclesiastical province of Posen-West Prussia with its seat in Schneidemühl.
  16. ^ Jewish communities