List of governors in Alsace

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History of the Landvogtei

The bailiwick in Alsace was established in 1274 by Rudolf von Habsburg . It was initially divided into two land bailiffs. The first bailiff for Upper Alsace was Konrad Werner von Hattstatt, the first bailiff for Lower Alsace was Kuno von Bergheim. Since 1280, both bailiffs were united with the Breisgau in the hands of Rudolf's nephew Otto von Ochsenstein . This uniform administration of Alsace remained until the time of Ludwig of Bavaria . After his victory over the Habsburg Frederick the Fair in the battle of Mühldorf on September 28, 1322, Alsace came under his control. Ludwig appointed Heinrich von Finstingen, Albrecht Hummel von Lichtenberg and Ulrich, Landgrave in Lower Saxony, as governors.

After a relapse to the Habsburgs in 1325, Alsace finally came under the rule of Ludwig of Bavaria after the death of Friedrich (1330). In 1330 "of the empire castle and city of Kaysersberg, Plicksberg the castle with the city of Türckheim and the city of Münster with the valley" were united. They were directly subordinate to the Reichsvogtei zu Kaysersberg , whereby they were officially placed under the protection and the highest management of the Landvogtei von Haguenau since 1354 . Landvogtei Haguenau and Reichsvogtei Kaysersberg remained closely linked until they were ceded to France .

After 1330 there was a strong fluctuation among the governors. In office were among others Ulrich von Württemberg and the brothers Albrecht, Hugo and Heinrich von Hohenberg. During this time, however, Ludwig pledged parts of the Alsatian bailiff, including the towns of Selz and Hagenbach , the forest of Hagenau and Löwenstein Castle . The lien was always the Count Palatine Ruprecht. From autumn 1341 until the emperor's death, Ludwig's son, Duke Stephan of Bavaria, was bailiff in Alsace. His provincial duties were often carried out by his subordinate bailiffs Heinrich Isolzrieder and Gerwig Gusse von Gussenberg (whose ancestral seat was Güssenberg Castle ), and later by the brothers Ludwig and Friedrich von Oettingen, who had been subordinate bailiffs from the beginning of 1344. After the death the policy of pledging continued and at the beginning of the reign of Charles IV the bailiwick as a whole was transferred to the Count Palatine and in the following years was almost constantly in changing pledges. Later members of the von Rappoltstein family and the Counts of Sulz held office several times.

List of the Counts of and Landgraves in (Lower) Alsace

  • Sigebert II., 1130 Count of Alsace [XVIII 146]
  • Dietrich, Count of Hüneburg , around 1135 Landgrave in (Lower) Alsace [XVIII 152]
  • Gottfried, Count of Hüneburg , 1143/75 Landgrave in (Lower) Alsace [XVIII 152]
  • Sigebert III., † 1184/91, 1162 Count of Alsace [XVIII 146]
  • Sigebert IV., † after 1226, 1189 Count von Werd , 1191 Count von Rixingen , before 1200 Landgrave in Alsace [XVIII 146]
  • Heinrich I von Werd, † 1238, 1218 Count von Werd, 1229 Landgrave in Alsace [XVIII 146]
  • Heinrich II. Sigebert von Werd, † 1278, 1238 Landgrave in Alsace, Count von Werd [XVIII 146]
  • Ulrich von Werd, † 1344, 1308 Count von Werd, 1324 Governor in Alsace [XVIII 146]
  • Ludwig X. von Oettingen, † 1370, Landgrave in Alsace, [XVI 98], sold in 1359 to Johann von Lichtenberg (see below)

List of governors in Alsace

The information in square brackets ([…]) relates to the information in the European family tables ([volume, table])

Bailiffs in Lower Alsace

  • Friedrich von Schauenburg , bailiff in (Lower) Alsace around 1195
  • Ludwig II of Lichtenberg , † before 1271, 1259 governor in Lower Alsace
  • Hermann I. von Geroldseck , 1261 bailiff in Alsace, Breisgau and in the Ortenau, X 1262 near Hausbergen [XI 77]
  • Otto III. von Ochsenstein , 1272 governor in Alsace, † 1289/90; ∞ Kunigunde von Habsburg, sister of King Rudolf I [XI 74]
  • Cuno von Berckheim , 1274/80 bailiff in the lower Alsace (at the same time as Konrad Werner III. Von Hattstatt)
  • Walter von Hohenstein, bailiff in Lower Alsace around 1284
  • Otto IV von Ochsenstein , X 1298 near Göllheim, 1280/94 bailiff in Alsace, son of Otto III. and nephew of King Rudolf I [XI 74]
  • Joffrid (Götfrit) I. von Leiningen, 1311 Governor in (Upper) Alsace and Breisgau, † 1344, Count of Leiningen , 1312 Governor in Lower Alsace [XI 74]; ∞ Agnes von Ochsenstein, sister of Otto V. [IV 24]
  • Otto V. von Ochsenstein, (1322) † 1327, 1291/1302 bailiff of the Ortenau, 1315/27 bailiff in Alsace, 1318 bailiff in Speyergau [XI 74]
  • Ulrich von Werd, † 1344, 1308 Count von Werd, 1324 Governor in Alsace [XVIII 146]
  • Rudolf I von Hohenberg, † 1336, Count von Hohenberg , 1335 bailiff in Alsace and in Lower Swabia ( Hohenzollern ) [I.1 126]
  • Albrecht von Hohenberg , † 1359, Count von Hohenberg, 1337/41 Imperial Landvogt in Alsace, 1340/41 Imperial Chancellor, 1349 Elect and 1351 Bishop of Freising ( Hohenzollern ) [I.1 126]
  • Friedrich (Fritzmann) von Leiningen, attested in 1316/66, Count von Leiningen, bailiff in Lower Alsace, son of Count Joffrid I.
  • Ludwig X. von Oettingen, † 1370, Landgrave in Alsace, [XVI 98], sold in 1359 to
  • Johann von Lichtenberg, † 1365, 1345 imperial chancellor and bailiff in Alsace, 1353 bishop of Strasbourg [XI 73]
  • Johann II of Vinstingen, † after 1379, 1348 governor in Alsace [XI 45]
  • Wenceslaus I of Luxembourg , † 1383, 1354 Duke of Luxembourg , around 1367/77 Governor in Alsace ( House of Luxembourg )
  • Ulrich von Vinstingen, † 1387/89, 1368/87 bailiff in Alsace [XI 45]
  • Rudolf IV of Austria , around 1372 Governor of Swabia and Alsace ( Habsburgs )
  • Otto VI. von Ochsenstein, bailiff in Alsace and Speyergau, † before 1377
  • Friedrich IV. Of Teck, † 1413, son of Friedrich III., 1391 Duke of Teck , governor in Alsace ( Zähringer )
  • Boriwoj von Swinare, governor in Alsace at the time of King Wenceslas (1378–1400)
  • Schwarz-Reinhard von Sickingen , bailiff in Alsace 1400–08, appointed by the Roman-German King Ruprecht

1. Wittelsbach period

  • Ludwig III. von Pfalz , † 1436, 1408 bailiff in Alsace, 1410 elector and count palatine ( Wittelsbacher ) [I.1 93]
    • Walther von Thann, Unterlandvogt 1410-12
    • Count Bernhard zu Eberstein, Unterlandvogt 1412-20
    • Count Palatine Stephan, Duke in Bavaria, was Unterlandvogt 1420-22, 1425-27 and 1429-36
    • Heinrich Beyer von Boppard , Lord von Castell, Unterlandvogt 1422-25
    • Friedrich von Fleckenstein, Unterlandvogt 1427–29
  • Count Palatine Ludwig IV. , † 1449, (Ober-) Landvogt in Alsace 1437–1449
    • Emich Graf von Leiningen, 1437–38 Unterlandvogt
    • Reinhard Ritter von Nyperg, 1438–45 underland bailiff
    • Johann IV. Wild and Rhine Count of Dhaun and Kyrburg (born 1422, † 1476), 1445–1457 Unterland Vogt
  • Count Palatine Friedrich I. , † 1476, (Ober-) Landvogt in Alsace 1449-1470, and 1451 Elector ( Wittelsbacher ) [I.1 93]
    • Peter von Dalheim, 1457–58 Unterlandvogt
    • Götz von Adelsheim, 1458–63 Unterlandvogt
    • Johann IV., Wild and Rhine Count of Dhaun and Kyrburg, 1463–71 for the second time underland bailiff
  • Ludwig von Veldenz , † 1489, in 1444 Count Palatine in Zweibrücken and Count of Veldenz , 1470–1471 / 72 Landvogt in Alsace ( Wittelsbacher ); replaces Friedrich I., renounces his rights by contract with Friedrich I.
    • Count Friedrich von Bitsch, underland bailiff in 1471
  • Philip the Sincere, 1476–1508 Elector of the Palatinate, 1476–1486 patron, 1486–1504 Oberlandvogt.
    • Count Kraft von Hohenlohe and Ziegenhain, 1486–93 Unterlandbogt
    • Jakob II von Fleckenstein zu Sultz , † 1514, 1493–1504 Unterlandvogt in Lower Alsace [VII 28]

1. Habsburg period

  • King Maximilian I took over the Reichslandvogtei - initially for the Empire, then from 1510 as Archduke of Austria and as pledge holder.
    • Kaspar Freiherr von Mörsperg and Belfort, † 1512, 1488 Landvogt in Upper Alsace and Supreme Captain [XII 105], 1504–11 Unterlandvogt in Lower Alsace.
    • Johann Jakob von Mörsperg, † 1534, lord of Mörsperg and Beffort, 1512–1528 / 30 (sub) governor in Lower Alsace [XII 105], first as deputy of Maximilian I, then Emperor Charles V and Archduke Ferdinand. (until 1530)

2. Wittelsbach period

  • Ludwig V, elector of the Palatinate in 1508, † 1544, received the bailiff back in 1530 as a pledge
    • Georg Schenk von Erbach, 1531–37 Unterlandvogt
    • Konrad von Rechberg, 1537–44 Unterlandvogt
  • Friedrich II. The Wise , Elector Palatinate, † 1556
    • Heinrich von Fleckenstein, Baron zu Dagstuhl, 1544–55
    • Count Eberhard zu Erbach, Unterlandvogt 1555–56
  • Ottheinrich , elector since 1556, was unable to prevent the Habsburgs from redeeming the bailiwick in Lower Alsace for lack of money.

2. Habsburg period

  • Emperor Ferdinand I replaces the Palatinate pledge again in 1558 and appoints it
    • Johann Diebold Waldner von Freundstein, 1558–61 as Unterlandvogt (to Metz)
    • Nikolaus Freiherr von Bollweiler, 1561–88 Unterlandvogt (to Metz)
  • Archduke Ferdinand II, brother of Maximilian II, 1564–95 Chief Governor
    • Georg Freiherr zu Königseck, underland bailiff from 1589
  • In 1595, Emperor Rudolf II took over the office of Oberlandvogt himself
    • Count von Fürstenberg (nominal) from 1596
  • Archduke Maximilian III. , 1605-18 Oberlandvogt
    • Count Rudolf von Sulz, 1606–13 underland bailiff
    • Jakob Ludwig Graf zu Fürstenberg, 1614–20 underland bailiff
  • Archduke Leopold , 1620–1633 Oberlandvogt

Landvögte in Upper Alsace - with Sundgau, Breisgau or Upper Austria

  • Ulrich II von Pfirt, 1216 bailiff in Alsace, 1227 Count von Pfirt , † 1275 ( House of Scarponnois )
  • Hermann I. von Geroldseck , 1261 bailiff in Alsace, Breisgau and in the Ortenau, X 1262 near Hausbergen [XI 77]
  • Konrad Werner III. von Hattstatt, † probably 1324, 1274/80 Landvogt in Upper Alsace, ∞ Stephanie von Pfirt, † 1276, daughter of Count Ulrich II. [XI 86]
  • Theobald von Pfirt, † 1310/11, 1271 Count von Pfirt , 1292/97 governor in Alsace ( House Scarponnois )
  • Joffrid (Götfrit) I. von Leiningen, 1311 governor in Alsace and Breisgau, † 1344, count zu Leiningen , 1312 also governor in Lower Alsace [XI 74]; ∞ Agnes von Ochsenstein, sister of Otto V. [IV 24]
  • Conrad of Freiburg , bailiff in Alsace and Breisgau 1325
  • Johann I von Hallwyl, † ​​1348, governor in Swabia and Alsace, 1338 Austrian governor in Sundgau, Alsace and Breisgau
  • Friedrich III. von Teck, † 1390, 1359 Austrian governor in Swabia, Alsace, Sundgau, Thurgau and Aargau ( Zähringer ) [I.2 273]
  • Martin Malterer , X 1386 at the Battle of Sempach , 1381/84 Austrian governor in Alsace, Sundgau and Breisgau
  • Johann von Ochsenstein , 1384 bailiff in Alsace and Sundgau, X 1386 near Sempach [XI 74]
  • Walter von der Altenklingen, † 1394/95, 1381/85 bailiff in Aargau, Thurgau and Black Forest , 1386 bailiff in Alsace and Burgundy (Sundgau) [XII 88]
  • Smassmann (Maximin I.) von Rappoltstein , † 1451, 1406/08 Austrian governor in Alsace and Sundgau [XI 82]
  • Smassmann (Maximin I.) von Rappoltstein , † 1451, 1432/37 2nd time Austrian governor in Alsace and Sundgau [XI 82]
  • Wilhelm von Hachberg-Sausenberg , † 1482, Margrave of Baden in Bregenz, 1437 Landgrave in Breisgau, 1437/44 Landvogt in Alsace ( Zähringer ) [I.2 273]
  • Friedrich von Tierstein, † before 1449 († 1487), 1443 governor in Upper Alsace, Sisgau and the Black Forest [XI 133]
  • Peter von Mörsperg, † 1474/1478, 1444/69 governor in Alsace and Breisgau [XII 105]
  • Peter von Hagenbach , † 1474, Burgundian governor of the Pfandlande on the Upper Rhine 1469–1474
  • Oswald I. von Tierstein, † 1488, Lord of Pfeffingen, 1474/84 archducal bailiff in Upper Alsace [XI 133], 1482 bailiff in Breisgau,
  • Wilhelm I. von Rappoltstein, † 1507, Lord von Rappoltstein, 1476/82 governor in the western Austrian lands
  • Wilhelm I. von Rappoltstein, † 1507, Lord von Rappoltstein, 1486/87 2nd time bailiff in the Upper Austrian lands
  • Kaspar Freiherr von Mörsperg, † 1512, 1488 Governor in Upper Alsace and Supreme Captain [XII 105]
  • Wolfgang von Fürstenberg , † 1509, around 1507 captain and governor in Alsace and the Ortenau region
  • Ulrich VI. von Rappoltstein, † 1531, governor in Upper Alsace
  • Rudolf von Sulz , † 1535, Count von Sulz , Landgrave in Klettgau , 1520 royal governor of Württemberg, 1523/35 governor of the Upper Austrian provinces [XII 99]
  • Gabriel de Salamanca , † 1539, Count von Ortenburg , around 1528 bailiff in Upper Alsace
  • Johann Marquard I. von Königsegg, 1546 Ober-Landvogt in Upper Alsace, † 1553 [Zedler 15, 1316]
  • Georg II von Helfenstein , † 1573, Count von Helfenstein -Wiesensteig, 1553 Supreme Governor in Alsace [XII 59]
  • Alwig von Sulz , † 1572, Count von Sulz, 1567 bailiff in Upper Alsace
  • Karl II. Von Hohenzollern, † 1606, 1576 Count of Hohenzollern in Sigmaringen, Supreme Captain and Governor in Alsace ( Hohenzollern )
  • Rudolf von Sulz , † 1620, Count von Sulz, 1605/13 Unterlandvogt in Alsace
  • Ludwig Ernst von Sulz , † 1648, Count von Sulz, 1621/1628 Unterlandvogt in Alsace, 1634 imperial governor in Württemberg
  • Johann Jakob von Bronckhorst-Batenburg , called Anholt (1582–1630), field marshal under Wallenstein, governor in Alsace 1629–1630

French time

After 1648, the French king appointed royal officials to administer the land bailiff under the title of Grand Préfet . The last "Oberlandvogt" of the Ancien Régime was the Prince of Saint-Mauris de Montbarrey , who fled to Saarbrücken in 1791 from the turmoil of the Revolution .

literature

  • Joseph Becker: History of the Reichslandvogtei in Alsace. From its establishment to its transition to France 1273–1648, Strasbourg 1905.
  • Joseph Becker: The bailiffs of Alsace and their effectiveness , Strasbourg 1894 (dissertation Strasbourg) in the Internet Archive
  • Joseph Becker: Documents on the history of the Reichslandvogtei in Alsace. In: Bulletin de la Société pour la conservation des monuments historiques d'Alsace Ser. 2, Volume 21 (1906), pp. 369-425 digitized
  • Paul Stintzi in: Friedrich Metz: Vorderösterreich - a historical regional studies, ²1976;
  • Detlev Schwennicke, European family tables , various volumes

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Joseph Becker, Die Reichsvogtei Kaysersberg from their origins to the French Revolution , Buchdruckerei des 'Elsässer', Strasbourg, 1906. pp. 7-10 digitized
  2. ^ A b Heinrich Schreiber: Document book of the city of Freiburg im Breisgau , Volume I, p. 189
  3. ^ Heinrich Schreiber : Document book of the city of Freiburg im Breisgau , Volume I, p. 240 digitized version of the Freiburg University Library
  4. ^ Heinrich Schreiber: Document book of the city of Freiburg im Breisgau , Volume I, p. 253 digitized version of the Freiburg University Library
  5. ↑ Z. Schmid: History of the Counts of Zollern-Hohenberg and their county, together with document book, Stuttgart, Scheitlin brothers, 1882, document no. 388
  6. ↑ according to Kindler v. Knobloch: Upper Baden gender book, I., p. 226
  7. ↑ Kindler v. Knobloch: Upper Baden gender book, I., p. 226