Lips (Lohsa)
|
Lipiny lips Lohsa municipality
Coordinates: 51 ° 22 ′ 45 ″ N , 14 ° 27 ′ 50 ″ E
|
|
|---|---|
| Height : | 132 m above sea level NHN |
| Area : | 2.9 km² |
| Residents : | 59 (December 31, 2016) |
| Population density : | 20 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | May 1st 1974 |
| Incorporated into: | Uhyst |
| Postal code : | 02999 |
| Area code : | 035728 |
Lips , Upper Sorbian , is the easternmost part of the Saxon community of Lohsa in the Bautzen district . It is part of the official Sorbian settlement area in Upper Lusatia .
geography
Lips is located in a post-mining landscape in the southeastern part of the Lusatian Lakeland in the center of the first large inland delta of the Spree, which is spanned by the Little Spree in the west and the Great Spree in the east .
Surrounding villages are Bärwalde in the northeast, Uhyst in the southeast, Drehna in the south, Driewitz and Litschen in the southwest, Lohsa in the west and Dreiweibern in the northwest. The town of Ratzen , which was demolished in 1960, lay between Lohsa and Lips, and Kolpen , which was also demolished in 1960, was north of Lips .
East of the village from the proceeds Boxberg / OL coming federal Straße 156 .
history
Local history
The village is first mentioned in a document in 1375. Lips has been a parish of Lohsa since the 16th century at the latest.
The manor was first documented on November 8, 1610, when Christoph von Geoda sold it to his son Albrecht. In the following year, Hans von Warnsdorf bought the estate, whose son Hans Georg von Warnsdorf sold it again in 1624. The buyer is Gotthard Magnus von Gersdorff .
Lips fell to the Saxon Elector in 1656, almost a decade after the end of the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648), who sold the estate to Hans Rudolph von Metzradt on Uhyst in 1659. Since then, lips have been a Uhyster pertinence.
Lusatia, which has belonged to Saxony since the Peace of Prague in 1635 , is divided in 1815 as a result of the Saxon participation in the Wars of Liberation on the French side. Lower Lusatia is annexed to the Prussian Mark Brandenburg and the larger northeastern part of Upper Lusatia comes to the Prussian province of Silesia . The region around Hoyerswerda , which also includes lips, is a special case . This belongs to the Brandenburg district of Spremberg until 1825 and is only separated from it as the district of Hoyerswerda in that year and connected to the province of Silesia.
At Pentecost 1932, a strong wind caused a fire to spread rapidly, so that almost half the village burned down.
In April 1945, with the exception of two spouses, all the villagers were on the run when Lips was fought over at the end of the Second World War . After it was captured by the Soviet Army, the Panzer Corps "Greater Germany" was able to recapture the village, but lost it again a short time later. On the German side alone, at least 72 soldiers were killed in the fighting.
In the land reform after the end of the war, around 431 hectares of land will be redistributed. The community receives almost 250 hectares of this, the rest is distributed among settlers. As elsewhere, in 1960 a forced collectivization to the LPG took place in Lips , which was connected with reprisals against previously non-collectivized farmers.
Already towards the end of the fifties it became apparent that the majority of the villagers were relocating in favor of the Glückauf III opencast mine . The military cemetery is reburied and between 1959 and 1962 the farms are demolished and shortly afterwards dredged over. In March 1963 the conveyor bridge reached the former Dorfstrasse. The stone cross that stood in lips was moved to Hoyerswerda Castle in 1960 . An ax is engraved on the stone cross.
On May 1, 1974, Lips was incorporated into Uhyst . When in 1995 the citizens of the municipality of Uhyst were asked whether they would prefer to belong to the Lower Silesian Upper Lusatia District instead of the Kamenz district after the dissolution of the Hoyerswerda district, a majority only decided in favor of the Kamenz district in the lip district. As a result, Lips will be transferred to Lohsa on January 1, 1996 , although around two thirds of the area (uninhabited) will remain with Uhyst.
Population development
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 1825 | 165 |
| 1871 | 214 |
| 1885 | 235 |
| 1905 | 212 |
| 1925 | 229 |
| 1939 | 195 |
| 1946 | 206 |
| 1950 | 222 |
| 1964 | 87 |
| 1996 | 46 |
| 2007 | 70 |
| 2007 | 78 |
In 1777, 7 possessed men , 5 gardeners and 16 cottagers are recorded for lips . Two other economies are desolate. This population structure is likely to have remained unchanged until the early 19th century, since 14 smokes are recorded in lips for 1815. Accordingly, two farms share a fireplace.
Towards the middle of the 19th century there was an increase in population, the number of inhabitants increased from 165 in 1825 to 214 in 1871 and further to 235 in 1885. This year Muka found only four Germans in the population, the rest is entirely sorbian.
The population fluctuated until the beginning of the Second World War and fell below the 200 mark with 195 inhabitants in 1939. After the end of the war, refugees and displaced persons from the former eastern regions settled, so that the number was already over 200 again in 1946 and reached the level of the interwar period in 1950. According to Ernst Tschernik, three quarters of the population still spoke Sorbian in 1956. Since then, the use of the language has decreased significantly.
With the approaching opencast mine, a large part of the population is leaving the place. The official number of resettlers is given as 95 people, of whom only 4 move within lips. Not included are the resettlers who have left lips beforehand. As a result, the number of inhabitants will drop by almost two thirds from 222 to 87 within 14 years.
In the period that followed, the number of inhabitants continued to decrease; when the district was reorganized in 1996, only 46 inhabitants were found in Lips. Since then, the population has grown to 78 in 2009.
Place name
In addition to the first mention of by der Lypen (1375), the names of Lippe (1519), Lippa (1531), Lips (1541) and Lyppenn (1571) are documented. Lippiny and Lipiny are the Sorbian forms of the name . Ernst Eichler derives the name from the Old Sorbian word lipina "linden tree", which can be traced back to lipa "linden tree". He is also of the opinion that the plural formation of the Sorbian name started late.
Sources and further reading
literature
- Lothar Simon: Uhyst on the Spree . 1991, p. 27 f .
Footnotes
- ^ Dietrich Neuber, Günter Wetzel Stone Crosses Cross stones inventory of the Cottbus district. Cottbus. 1982.
- ↑ Federal Statistical Office (Ed.): Municipalities 1994 and their changes since 01.01.1948 in the new federal states . Metzler-Poeschel, Stuttgart 1995, ISBN 3-8246-0321-7 .
- ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 1996
- ↑ Digital historical place directory of Saxony. Retrieved October 13, 2008 .
- ^ Ludwig Elle: Language policy in the Lausitz . Domowina-Verlag, Bautzen 1995, p. 249 .
- ^ Ernst Eichler / Hans Walther : Oberlausitz toponymy - studies on the toponymy of the districts of Bautzen, Bischofswerda, Görlitz, Hoyerswerda, Kamenz, Löbau, Niesky, Senftenberg, Weißwasser and Zittau. I name book . In: German-Slavic research on naming and settlement history . tape 28 . Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1975, p. 170 .
Web links
- Lips in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
Three women (Tři Žony) | Driewitz (Drěwcy) | Friedersdorf (Bjedrichecy) | Big Särchen (Wulke Ždźary) | Hermsdorf / Spree (Hermanecy) | Koblenz (Koblicy) | Lips (lipiny) | Litschen (Złyčin) | Lohsa (Łaz) | Mortka (Mortkow) | Riegel (Roholń) | Steinitz (Šćeńca) | Tiegling (Tyhelc) | Whitish (Wysoka) | Weißkollm (Běły Chołmc)