List of intoxications and antidotes

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List of intoxications ( poisoning ) and antidotes (antidotes)

Substances in general

Intoxication Antidote
Alkyl phosphates Atropine sulfate , obidoxime , atropine
aluminum De (s) feroxamine
Formic acid Folic acid
Amphetamines Chlorpromazine , Haloperidol , Phentolamine , Dantrolene
Antihistamines Physostigmine salicylate
arsenic Dimercaprol
Atropine (dl-hyoscyamine) Physostigmine
Barbiturates Picrotoxin
Benzodiazepines Flumazenil
Beta blockers Catecholamines , atropine , orciprenaline , glucagon
Prussic acid 4-DMAP + sodium thiosulfate
lead D- penicillamine , calcium disodium EDTA (E385)
Combustion gases, lung irritants (note CO!) Dexamethasone spray
Chlorinated hydrocarbons Cholestyramine
Coumarins (also often in rat poisons ) Vitamin K
Cyanide 4-DMAP , sodium thiosulfate , amyl nitrite , hydroxocobalamin
Digitalis , digoxin , digitoxin Digitalis antidote
E 605 Atropine , obidoxime
iron Deferoxamine
Fluoride Calcium gluconate
Hydrofluoric acid Calcium gluconate
Ethylene glycol Ethanol , fomepizole
gold DMPS
Heparin Protamine
Iodine Sodium thiosulfate
copper D- penicillamine
lithium Sodium polystyrene sulfonate
Methanol Fomepizole , ethanol
methemoglobin formers Toluidine blue , thionine , methylene blue
Muscarin Atropine
Neuroleptics ( extrapyramidal syndrome ) Biperiden
Nicotine Sodium sulfite , activated charcoal , atropine
Opioids Naloxone
Organophosphates Atropine
Oxalic acid Calcium as calcium gluconate
Paracetamol N -acetylcysteine (NAC), methionine
mercury Dimercaprol , D - penicillamine
Thallium Berlin blue
Theophylline Verapamil
Tricyclic antidepressants Physostigmine , sodium hydrogen carbonate
... ...

plants

Intoxication Antidote
Arum, spotted ( oxalic acid ) Cortisone (local)
Bitter almonds and other kernels of the genus Prunus ( amygdalin ) 4-DMAP , sodium thiosulfate
Thimble ( digoxin , digitoxin ) Digitalis antidote
Opium poppies ( morphine and others) Naloxone
Tobacco ( nicotine ) Sodium sulfite , activated carbon
Deadly nightshade ( atropine ) Physostigmine salicylate

Mushrooms

Intoxication Antidote
Fly agaric ( ibotenic acid , muscimol ) Physostigmine ( Anticholium )
Funnels, crack fungi ( muscarinic syndrome) Atropine
Knollenblätterpilz ( amatoxins ) Silibinin , penicillin G.

Web links

Remarks

  1. ↑ a b Medicines containing cortisol inhibit an incipient inflammatory reaction and thus alleviate symptoms, without, however, being specific antidotes in the strict sense of the word (compare antidote principles ).