Ludwig von Vincke

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Baron von Vincke

Friedrich Ludwig Wilhelm Philipp Freiherr von Vincke (born December 23, 1774 in Minden , †  December 2, 1844 in Münster ) was a Prussian reformer who u. a. the municipal self-government of the cities prevailed and campaigned for a new trade regulation.

origin

Ludwig von Vincke came from the old noble family von Vincke . His parents were Ernst Idel Jobst von Vincke (January 21, 1738– August 21, 1813), heir to Ostenwalde and cathedral dean in Minden, and his wife Luise Sophie von Buttlar (September 5, 1739– May 18, 1806).

Life

Ludwig von Vincke received his school education from 1784 in the boys' boarding school in Hanover, run by Pastor Joachim Friedrich Lehzen . From 1789 to 1792 he attended the Royal Pedagogy in Halle . Contrary to family tradition, he then decided not to pursue a military career, but rather an administrative career in the Prussian civil service. From 1792 he was enrolled at the University of Marburg and studied political science with Johann Heinrich Jung-Stilling for three semesters . In Erlangen he donated the Erlangen Westphalia wreath on May 24, 1794 . After completing his studies, he received a position in the Prussian civil service on June 23, 1795 as a trainee lawyer at the Kurmärkischen War and Domain Chamber in Berlin. As early as November 28, 1795, he was simultaneously employed by the Manufactory and Commerce College in Berlin. Then on August 2, 1797 he was appointed assessor at the Kurmärkischen War and Domain Chamber. On August 8, 1798 he was appointed district administrator of the eastern district in the Principality of Minden . After that, on October 8, 1803, he rose to the position of President of the War and Domain Chamber in Aurich / East Friesland , but was appointed President of the War and Domain Chamber in Münster and Hamm on November 10, 1804, as its President Freiherr vom Stein as Minister Appointed to Berlin , so that the presidential chair of the chambers of Münster and Hamm was vacant. Vincke succeeded the baron and held this office until 1806.

After the defeat of Prussia by Napoleon I , Vincke fled to England , where he got to know the local administrative system of self-government . On his return in 1807 he joined the reform group around Freiherr vom und zum Stein. Until the dismissal of Steins in November 1808, with the help of Vinckes, decisive reforms were the abolition of serfdom and subservience , new trade regulations and local self-government of the cities. After Stein's resignation, Vincke became President of the Kurmärk Chamber of Commerce in Potsdam in 1809 , but withdrew to his private property in 1810. In the same year he married Eleonore von Syberg zum Busch and thus became the owner of the medieval castle ruins of Hohensyburg , which were currently owned by Haus zum Busch . After the marriage, the Busch house was their common residence. The son Georg von Vincke was born there in 1811 .

It was not until 1813, after the French were defeated in the Battle of Leipzig , that he became governor of the civil government between the Weser and Rhine as part of the central administration department . The reorganization of Europe was decided at the Congress of Vienna , which led to the establishment of the new Prussian province of Westphalia . The head president of the province now stood above the government president of the three associated administrative districts. Vincke held this office for almost three decades. Several times he even turned down ministerial posts in Berlin. Vincke managed to unite the more than twenty different individual states between the “Weser and Rhine” to form a state structure of Westphalia.

He promoted the industrialization of Westphalia , promoted the expansion of the infrastructure, for example by making the Lippe navigable, and campaigned for a strong peasantry. Above all, he endeavored to unite the new province composed of numerous territories.

The Vincketurm on the Hohensyburg was built in his honor.

The following unproven story is happily told about him:

One day Ludwig Freiherr von Vincke was on the road again. It had rained before and the streets were sodden. At a deep part of the road a farmer got stuck with his cart. When he saw Vincke arriving, he called: “Hey, you there! Lend a hand and help me pull the cart out of the dirt! ”Of course, he hadn't recognized who he was talking to. Vincke rolled up his trouser legs and took a hand. With a common rush they had the cart back on the road in five minutes. The farmer thanked him and Vincke continued on his way. When Vincke's wife wondered about the dirty pants, he explained to her: "Today I saw again how necessary it is to mend the roads in the country."

In addition to his professional activities Vincke was the patron of the Moravian Church operates, which had grouped in Iserlohn to the dedicated priest Johann Abraham Strauss for some time and whose most prominent members, among others, the textile manufacturer Friedrich von Scheibler as well as the District Administrator Peter Eberhard Müllensiefen included .

In addition, together with Müllensiefen, Scheibler, Johann Caspar Harkort and others, he was one of the members of the "Literary Association of Grafschaft Mark", which at that time was under the direction of the Schwerter doctor and polymath Friedrich Bährens and existed from 1814 to 1860.

Ludwig von Vincke is buried together with other family members in a now listed private cemetery, the so-called Vincke grave, in the Hagen district of Helfe in the Fleyer forest. In the 1820s, the future pastor and member of the state parliament, Adolf Heinrich Gräser, worked as a private tutor for the family.

family

Family portrait from 1826

He was married twice. He married Eleanor von Syberg on May 20, 1810 (October 8, 1788– May 13, 1826) from the Busch family near Hagen. Her parents were Friedrich von Syberg and Luise von Bodelschwingh . From the marriage:

  • Georg (May 15, 1811– June 3, 1875), Prussian politician, also buried in Vincke's grave.
  • Caroline (September 4, 1822– July 2, 1870) ⚭ May 19, 1844 Ernst von Sierstorpff-Driburg (July 24, 1813– March 18, 1855). Caroline von Vincke was a great-great-grandmother of Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands.
  • Gisbert (September 6, 1813– February 5, 1892) ⚭ July 10, 1860 Auguste von Dungern (* November 24, 1832)
  • Ernst Friedrich Wilhelm Karl (September 24, 1819– April 11, 1856), District Administrator ⚭ 1855 Mathilde Gisberta Wilhelmine Auguste von Khaynach widowed Regenhertz (May 25, 1815– January 23, 1891)
  • Friedrich Heinrich Karl Franz (September 20, 1824– August 14, 1901), Upper Government Councilor in Koblenz ⚭ Bernhardine Christine Auguste Düesberg (October 3, 1829– February 21, 1910)

After the death of his first wife, he married Luise von Hohnhorst (September 10, 1798– December 3, 1873) from the Hohnhorst house near Celle on September 22, 1827 . Her parents were Burghard von Hohnhorst and Charlotte von Veltheim . The couple had several children including:

  • Eleonore (December 2, 1831– April 25, 1906) ⚭ September 20, 1856 Bruno Otto Karl von Hohnhorst (October 28, 1822– February 17, 1886) from the Hohenhorst family
  • Klara (born December 25, 1843) ⚭ August 28, 1874 Freiherr Maximilian von Dungern (May 16, 1838– December 23, 1894)
Family crypt with grave Ludwig von Vincke and descendants, Hagen.

Honors

The Vincketurm on Dortmund's Hohensyburg , the Vinckekanal in Duisburg , various school names, including in Minden , Hagen, Hamm, Lünen and Soest , as well as numerous street names, such as Vinckestraße in his native Minden , in Duisburg and Dortmund, are reminiscent of Ludwig von Vincke the Vinckeplatz or the von-Vincke-Straße in Hamm, at one of his places of work.

Vinckegruft Hagen, notice board.

Fonts

  • Matricul of the Landtag eligible goods in the province of Westphalia . Manuscript, 19th century ( digitized edition of the University and State Library Düsseldorf )
  • The diaries of the Oberpräsident Ludwig Freiherrn Vincke 1813–1818 , arr. Ludger Graf von Westphalen. Aschendorff, Münster 1980
  • The diaries of Ludwig Freiherr Vincke 1789–1844 . Aschendorff, Münster 2009ff. ISBN 3-402-15740-3 ( multiple volumes ).
    • Vol. 1: 1789-1792 . Edited by Winfried Reininghaus, Hertha Sagebiel. 2009
    • Vol. 2: 1792-1793 . Edited by Winfried Reininghaus with the assistance of Herta Sagebiel, Tobias Meyer-Zurwelle, Tobias Schenk. 2011
    • Vol. 5: 1804-1810 . Edited by Hans-Joachim Behr . 2009
    • Vol. 8: 1819-1824 . Edited by Hans-Joachim Behr. 2015
    • Vol. 9: 1825-1829 . Edited by Hans-Joachim Behr. 2015
    • Vol. 10: 1830-1839 . Edited by Heide Barmeyer-Hartlieb. 2018

literature

  • Ludwig Freiherr Vincke: A Westphalian profile between reform and restoration in Prussia , ed. by Hans-Joachim Behr and Jürgen Kloosterhuis , Münster 1994.
  • Ludwig Freiherr Vincke (1774–1844). Exhibition on the 150th anniversary of the death of the first Upper President of the Province of Westphalia, organized by the NW State Archives Münster, Münster 1994.
  • Siegfried Bahne: The family life of Baron Ludwig and Baron Eleonore Vincke . In: Mentalities and living conditions. Examples from the social history of modern times . Festschrift Vierhaus, Göttingen 1982, pp. 205–224.
  • Siegfried Bahne: The barons Ludwig and Georg Vincke in the Vormärz , Dortmund 1975 (esp. P. 7-105: Ludwig Vincke as President of Westphalia).
  • Heide Barmeyer: The Oberpräsident Vincke as President of the Westphalian Consistory in the church political disputes in Prussia 1815–1834 / 35 . Aschendorff, Münster 1991, ISBN 3-402-05613-5 .
  • The Guestphalia in Erlangen on May 27, 1794 . In: Academische Monatshefte , Vol. XXIV, Issue 280, pp. 126–129.
  • Alfred Stern :  Vincke, Ludwig Freiherr von . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 39, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1895, pp. 736-743.

Web links

Commons : Ludwig von Vincke  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Ludwig von Vincke  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Peter Burg: Ludwig Freiherr von Vincke in the Internet portal "Westphalian History" of the LWL Institute for Regional History, accessed on April 30, 2016.
  2. ^ Ernst Meyer-Camberg: The Erlanger Westphalia 1794-1809 . Once and Now, Yearbook of the Association for Corpsstudentische Geschichtsforschung, Vol. 24 (1979), pp. 74–94, here p. 83
  3. ↑ Caroline von Vincke at geneall.net
  4. ↑ Ernst von Vincke westfaelische-geschichte.de
  5. ↑ Volumes 2 and 8-10 can be accessed individually free of charge. LWL, Historical Commission for Westphalia, NF Vol. 45, 22, 23, 2 Access to the links. The volumes for 1793–1800 and 1840–1844 have been announced for around 2019. As of December 2019
personal data
SURNAME Vincke, Ludwig von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Vincke, Friedrich Ludwig Wilhelm Philipp Freiherr von (full name); Vincke, Ludwig Freiherr von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Prussian reformer
DATE OF BIRTH December 23, 1774
PLACE OF BIRTH Minden
DATE OF DEATH December 2, 1844
Place of death Muenster