Marienbrücke (Vienna)
The Marienbrücke crosses the Danube Canal in Vienna and connects the inner city and Leopoldstadt districts .
location
The Marienbrücke is located at the northern end of Schwedenplatz as an extension of Rotenturmstraße coming from Stephansplatz near Morzinplatz , Ruprechtskirche and Dianabad . Between it and the Schwedenbrücke there is a landing stage for the ships for the Vienna tours and the Twin City Liner , a fast boat connection to Bratislava .
history
The "Vindobona Bridge" project
Otto Wagner took part in the “Vindobona Bridge” project in the competition for the construction of the Danube Canal Bridge, now known as the Marienbrücke, which ended on April 15, 1904. While he was in charge of the artistic design himself, he brought in Ignaz Gridl , kuk Eisenconstructionswerkstätte & Brückenbauanstalt and the concrete construction company GA Wayss & Cie as partners for the construction work . Wagner designed his bridge building project with four pylons , crowned by four figures that symbolize epochs of Viennese history .
- Right bank: "Roman times" and "Our epoch"
- Left bank: "Epoch of Margrave Leopold" and "Epoch of Rudolf von Habsburg", represented by figures by Leopold von Babenberg and Rudolf von Habsburg .
Wagner chose aluminum as the material for the figures on the pylons, the bridge itself was to be painted white to symbolize modernity. Another project was realized.
1905-1945
The Marienbrücke was built between 1905 and 1906 as a tied arch bridge according to plans by Josef Hackhofer and Albert Hans Pecha by the corporation R. Ph. Waagner - LJ Biró & A. Kurz .
It was named after the statue of the Virgin Mary on the parapet in the middle of the bridge. It was a creation by Hans Schwathe , depicted the Blessed Virgin Mary as the destroyer of sin, surrounded by a rosary, and was consecrated on October 16, 1909 by the Viennese Auxiliary Bishop Godfried Marschall .
In April 1945 the bridge was blown up in the course of the battle for Vienna .
1945–1961
A transition was created on the ruins of the destroyed bridge lying in the water. The remains of the supporting structure including the wooden temporary bridge had to be removed in 1946 after the completion of the temporary Sweden Bridge in order to enable navigation on the Danube Canal.
As a makeshift aid for the Marienbrücke and the Salztorbrücke, a pedestrian bridge was built down the canal. This remained in place until the opening of the new Salztorbrücke in 1961 .
1951 until today
According to plans by Karl Jäger and with the artistic advice of Adolf Hoch , the 99th of 136 bridges destroyed in World War II, the Marienbrücke was built by the City of Vienna between 1951 and 1953 as the first large reinforced concrete bridge in the Vienna area and on October 25, 1953 by Mayor Franz Jonas opens. The new bridge is five meters wider than the previous structure.
At the same time as the bridge construction work, the tram ceiling was renewed and the Franz-Josefs-Kai expanded. In addition, a pedestrian tunnel was built between Rotenturmstrasse and the new bridge, including access to the Schwedenplatz tram station. In addition, numerous historical objects were found during the work.
During the demolition in April 1945, the Madonna, which is described as a major work of Art Nouveau sculpture, was also destroyed. A simplified replica was created by Oskar Thiede , which was first erected in 1951 upstream of the Marienbrücke on the Franz-Josefs-Kai. On September 8, 1983, on the occasion of the Austrian Catholic Day, the Madonna was placed on the Marienbrücke again.
Mayor Helmut Zilk and high representatives of the City of Vienna received Pope John Paul II here on June 23, 1988 on his journey from Vienna International Airport to Vienna.
literature
- Christine Klusacek, Kurt Stimmer: The city and the electricity. Vienna and the Danube. Edition Wien, Vienna 1995, ISBN 3-85058-113-6 .
- Historical Museum of the City of Vienna: The Unbuilt Vienna. Projects for the metropolis 1800 to 2000. Self-published by the Museums of the City of Vienna, Vienna 1999 ( special exhibition of the Historisches Museum der Stadt Wien 256 (recte: 255)), (exhibition catalog, Vienna, Historisches Museum der Stadt Wien, December 10, 1999 to 20 February).
Footnotes
- ^ Josef Hackhofer in the Architects Lexicon Vienna 1770–1945 , accessed on March 25, 2015.
Web links
- The Marienbrücke in Vienna
- An arch made of steel and concrete . In: Arbeiter-Zeitung . Vienna September 6, 1953, p. 5 ( Arbeiter-zeitung.at - the open online archive - digitized).
- Another step into nicer, better Vienna . In: Arbeiter-Zeitung . Vienna October 27, 1953, p. 3 ( berufer-zeitung.at - the open online archive - digitized).
Nussdorf weir and lock system | Embankment bridge | Suburban line Danube Canal Bridge | Nussdorf node | Nussdorfer Steg | Nussdorf Bridge | Heiligenstadt Bridge | Döblinger Steg | Belt Bridge | Spittelau Bridge | U6 Danube Canal Bridge | Spittelauer Steg | Peace Bridge | Siemens-Nixdorf-Steg | Rossauer Bridge | Augarten Bridge | Salt Gate Bridge | Marienbrücke | Sweden Bridge | Aspern Bridge | Danube Canal Pipe Bridge | Franzensbrücke | Connecting railway bridge | Rotunda Bridge | Erdberger footbridge | Stadium bridge | Erdberger Bridge | Gas works walkway | Ostbahnbrücke | Cable bridge | Cable-stayed bridge | Side harbor bridge | Freudenau Harbor Bridge | Winterhafenbrücke
Coordinates: 48 ° 12 ′ 46 ″ N , 16 ° 22 ′ 37 ″ E