Marienkirche (Rendsburg)
The Marienkirche is a late Gothic brick hall church and thus the oldest church in Rendsburg .
Construction and history
Until the middle of the 13th century, the inhabitants of Reinoldsburg belonged to the parish of Jevenstedt , which had its own church before 1190. A first church in Rendsburg in the old town on the Eider Island is attested as early as 1236/46, which belongs to the cathedral chapter of Hamburg . This first church, the appearance of which is unknown, burned down in the town fire in 1286. In 1287 the construction of today's church began on the highest point on the Eider Island. The 5/8 polygonal choir was completed around 1300, the three-aisled, four-bay hall made of brick around 1330 . The low tower between two older chapels from the beginning of the 15th century dates from 1454. The vault was painted shortly after its completion. The representation of the risen Christ, angels, dragon heads and Christophorus have survived. Tendrils and ornaments on the ribs and arches date from the 15th century.
The introduction of the Reformation in Rendsburg began in 1528 when Duke Friedrich I , who was the patron of the church , introduced the Lutheran preacher Dr. Peter Mellitius used as a pleban . Since the previous priests remained in office, Protestant and Catholic services were held side by side for over ten years. It was only under Johan Meier, who was pastor of St. Mary's Church for thirty years from 1532, that the Reformation slowly and peacefully took hold.
In 1579 the tower got its top. At the same time the roof turret was put on. Both have been renovated several times. After the damage during the Schleswig-Holstein uprising in 1848/49, the nave and tower were restored in the neo-Gothic style by the government master builder Johann Friedrich Holm . The original entrances on the north and south sides of the nave were replaced by the newly created west portal and passages to the tower room. The rood screen from 1663 was removed and galleries were drawn in instead. In 1922 the organ loft, enlarged in 1850, was rebuilt again. The reliefs from the demolished gallery stalls of the Gude family from 1603, which show scenes from the Old Testament and the Passion of Christ, as well as memorial plaques from two families from 1674 and 1682 were added. The remaining areas were painted with additional scenes.
Epitaph Gosse and Elsebe Claussen (1604)
Epitaph of the bailiff Balthasar von Ahlefeldt (1623)
Epitaph Sibbern
The Marienkirche belongs to the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Northern Germany . The Bugenhagenkirche, inaugurated in 1959 in the Runde district, also belongs to the community.
Furnishing
The oldest inventory is the bronze baptismal font from the middle of the 14th century. The fifth stands on three figures and shows between four representations of Christ enthroned, St. George with the dragon, St. Martin of Tours , the fall of man and the coat of arms of the founder. The Latin legend is upside down. The baptismal font from around 1600 is now in the northern tower chapel.
The second oldest piece is a crucifixion group from 1510.
pulpit
The pulpit by the Rendsburg carver Hans Peper in the style of the late Renaissance dates from 1597 and was a foundation of the mayor Peter Gude. After the collapse of a pillar in 1619 due to the opening of the Gudeschen crypt near the central south pillar at the former location of the pulpit, it was commissioned again in 1621 and manufactured by Hans Peper according to the old designs. The evangelists and the coat of arms of the founding Gude family are depicted on the sound cover, while the pulpit shows reliefs with the creation of Eve , the Annunciation , Christmas, Crucifixion, Resurrection and the Last Judgment.
altar
The altar was donated by Elisabeth Beling in memory of her son Oswald Beling , who was buried here . It is the work of the Dithmarsch woodcarver Henning Claussen from Neuenkirchen from 1649 and a major work of the popular style of late Mannerism . In his reliefs framed by rich ornaments and free-standing figures, he offers a pictorial program that illustrates the Lutheran teaching . The picture panels of the predella, the only parts of the altar made not of wood but of alabaster , show, in addition to the Lord's Supper, two miracles of feeding from the desert wandering of the people of Israel. On the main floor, the crucifixion of Christ is shown between Moses as the representative of the law and John the Baptist as an indication of redemption through grace, above it free-standing figures of apostles and evangelists with Bibles in their hands as an indication of the basis of faith. The top relief is a representation of the resurrection of Christ. The medallion above warns with the Bible quote 1 Cor 16:22 EU surrounded by angels with instruments of torture before the Last Judgment : "If someone does not love the Lord Jesus Christ, be anathema maharam motha." The last two words are probably a prescription of Maranatha . The structure is crowned by a Peter figure, also with a Bible in hand. In the wings the sacrifice of Isaac and the baptism of Christ are depicted. The original painting was exposed again in 1969.
A picture of Luther from 1817 was made by the Italian painter Pellicia , who painted Gut Emkendorf .
The Rendsburg St. Mary's Church received extensive donations from the citizens of Rendsburg. In the 16th and 17th centuries, resident noble families and Rendsburg mayors - e. Some of them while still alive - hang up magnificent epitaphs .
The stained glass windows in the choir show the crucifixion and resurrection and were donated in 1899. The east window in the nave, the four evangelists, designed the artist Käte Lassen . They have been in place since 1948. The window above the west entrance is a foundation for the 700th anniversary in 1987 and was created by Dorothee Wallner.
In addition to the main organ, the church has a choir organ donated in 1988.
Bronze baptismal font.
Window by Kate Lassen (1950).
Organs
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The organ was built in 1972 by the organ builder Walcker (Ludwigsburg). In 1995 the organ building company Paschen technically revised the instrument , gave it a new intonation and equipped it with an electric composer system. It has 44 stops on three manual works and a pedal with the following disposition .
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- Coupling : II / I, III / I, III / II, I / P, II / P, III / P
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The choir organ was built by the Hillebrand organ building company. It is a replica of a renaissance organ . The purely mechanical instrument has 7 registers on two manuals. In addition to a manual coupling, both manual works can be coupled to the pedal, which has no register of its own. The disposition is as follows:
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- Coupling : II / I, I / P, II / P
- Secondary register : tremulant , Zimbelstern
Bells
Of the five bells in the tower, the oldest with the strike sound f sharp 'probably comes from the time the church was built. A second one with the chime e 'dates from 1437. It weighs 1,325 kg and bears the depiction of the Annunciation and the inscription: “Greetings, Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with you.” The lowest bell - with a chime h ° and a weight of about 2,750 kg - was cast by Johann Annowitz in Lübeck in 1753. An inscription gives the names of three consuls and six senators from the city of Rendsburg. The rest - eis 'and gis' - were cast in 1961.
In the roof turret there are two more bells, an hour bell from 1535 and a quarter-hour bell from 1682.
Gudesche library
The philologist Marquard Gude , son of the mayor Peter Gude, bequeathed duplicates of his extensive library to the Marienkirche during his lifetime. There the books should be kept above the family funeral. Over the centuries, unnoticed, the collection ended up in the Rendsburg archive, where in 1989 fragments of a Gutenberg Bible were found, which is now exhibited at Gottorf Castle .
literature
- Johann Georg Friedrich Wendell : Description of the content-rich old town St. Marienkirche in Rendsburg. Written for the 300th anniversary of the Reformation . Rendsburg 1817.
- Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments . Hamburg, Schleswig-Holstein . 3rd revised and updated edition, Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-422-03120-3 , pp. 792–795
- Claus Rauterberg: The St. Marienkirche in Rendsburg (DKV art guide No. 263 4th edition 2006)
Individual evidence
- ↑ The restoration of the carved reliefs in the organ loft of the Rendsburg Marienkirche ( memento of the original from April 2, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (pdf accessed on May 5, 2013; 4.4 MB)
- ↑ Inga Hehnen: Two pulpits and a death (sh: z of May 11, 2012)
- ↑ In addition, the wealthy widow Elisabeth Beling donated ( Memento of the original from January 18, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. a legacy to pay a second preacher.
- ↑ effective 1605–1656, see AKL, vol. 19, p. 459.
- ↑ Information on the main organ , accessed on October 18, 2019.
- ^ Choir organ , accessed on October 18, 2019.
- ↑ Gudesche Library in the Handbook of Historical Book Holdings in Germany , Volume 1, p. 159
Web links
- Church guides on the parish homepage
- History of St. Marien Rendsburg
- Gudesche library in the Fabian
Coordinates: 54 ° 18 ′ 19 ″ N , 9 ° 39 ′ 54.5 ″ E