Mathematical and physical salon

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Celestial globe from a globe clock from 1586
The west wing of the Zwinger , home of the Mathematical-Physical Salon

The Mathematisch-Physikalische Salon ( MPS for short ) in Dresden is a museum of the Dresden State Art Collections . As part of the royal Saxon art collections, it was created due to the Saxon monarchs' interest in technology for mathematical and physical instruments, further reasons were the need for representation and the liking for mechanical toys .

The mathematical-physical salon has been housed in the Zwinger since 1728 .

history

The salon was separated from the armory and other parts of the collection in 1724 . However, individual copies were already collected when the Kunstkammer was set up in the 16th century . The founder of the collection was Elector August of Saxony . As with the exhibits in the Green Vault , the old parts of the collection not only come from Saxony itself, but were bought in southern Germany or northern Italy. However, the collection in Dresden established the regional fine craftsmanship that later produced manufacturing sites such as Glashütte ( A. Lange & Söhne ).

The name, which has been kept to the present day, dates back to 1746. Between 1724 and 1746 the collection was called the “Royal Cabinet of Mathematical and Physical Instruments”. In 1784 the observatory was founded at the Mathematisch-Physikalischer Salon. In the 19th century the collection had a great influence on the technical culture in Dresden. Wilhelm Gotthelf Lohrmann campaigned in 1828, one year after he became chief inspector of the salon, for the establishment of the "Technical Educational Institute" - today's Technical University of Dresden . As early as the end of the 18th century, first the Dresden and later all Saxon clocks were clocked according to the specifications of the Zwinger clocks.

collection

The Mathematisch-Physikalische Salon is a collection of fine forging. It is dedicated to historical measuring devices for length, temperature, weight and volume and houses a cartography and globe collection as well as geodetic instruments. In addition, optical devices for astronomy as well as celestial globes and maps were collected.

Famous burning mirrors by Andreas Gärtner as well as burning glasses and mirrors by Mr. von Tschirnhaus are also located here . In addition to the world clock , the collection includes numerous clocks, including a. the planetary clock by Ebert Baldewein . For the collecting princes, besides the contemporary precision, the artistic design played an important role.

The museum has the only example of an adding machine (Pascaline) by Blaise Pascal from around 1650 in a public collection outside France.

exhibition

Location of the four exhibition areas

Between 2007 and 2013 the exhibition was closed due to a general renovation of the kennel. Since April 14, 2013 around 500 of the 3,000 existing exhibits have been on view. The new permanent exhibition reflects the museum's collection history in four areas.

  • The “Prince's Cosmos” in the extended long gallery : mechanical marvels and mathematical instruments around 1600.
  • The “universe of globes” in the newly created hall in the Zwingerwall: earth and celestial globes from seven centuries.
  • "Instruments of Enlightenment" in the ballroom : telescopes and burning mirrors as well as the history of the physical cabinet, the observatory and the authority in the Zwinger.
  • The “passage of time” in the arched gallery : the history of the mechanical clock from the 16th to the 19th century and stations for screen experiments.

Directors

(only rough framework, some inspectors, senior inspectors, part-time, full-time)

See also

literature

Newest first

Web links

Commons : Mathematisch-Physikalischer Salon (Zwinger, Dresden)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Mathematisch-Physikalischer Salon Dresden . Watch Wiki
  2. Helfricht 2001, pp. 57, 58, 69, 70, 78, 85, 86, 95, 96
  3. Hantzsch 1902, p. 283 ff.

Coordinates: 51 ° 3 ′ 11.6 "  N , 13 ° 43 ′ 58.2"  E