Maximilian Jahns

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Portrait of a Young Man (Self-Portrait?)
Maximilian Jahns , around 1913
Oil on canvas
43.5 × 57.5 cm

Link to the picture
(please note copyrights )

Maximilian Jahns (born October 23, 1887 in Hamburg , † October 1, 1957 there ) was a German painter and graphic artist of the lost generation . He was a member of the Hamburg Secession and the Hamburg Artists' Association from 1832 .

Life

Maximilian Conrad Ernst Jahns was born in Hamburg as the son of the farrier and wagon blacksmith Max Jahn, who had his business at Hammer Landstrasse 151 in the Hamburg-Hamm district . After school he completed a craft training, but then studied from 1907 to 1913 at the Hamburg School of Applied Arts , with Julius Wohlers and Willy von Beckerath , among others . In 1913 he traveled to France , Denmark , Switzerland ( Arosa ) and in 1914 to Italy , where mainly landscapes were created. He then married his wife Meta and took part in the First World War. At that time, her apartment was at Steindamm 36.

In 1919 Jahns joined the Hamburg Secession and the Hamburg Artists' Association from 1832 , and also accepted the commission to create murals for the Kohlhöfen book hall . In the style of a picture sheet, he created eight depictions of Hamburg folk life, including the depictions of a cook and Melkmann , wet nurse with children at the Hagenbeck zoo , gymnastics youth , quartermaster , captain and helmsman , Finkenwerder fisherman and corpse bearer . Due to disagreements within the Hamburg secession , some members left the secession in protest in 1920, including Maximilian Jahns. He joined the German Association of Artists and the Hamburg Art Association . From 1920 he had a studio at Binderstraße 24 in the Rotherbaum district and an apartment at Peterskampweg 20 in Hamburg-Eilbek .

In 1929 he restored his murals in the library with his own hands. In 1930 he joined the Reich Association of German Artists . Around 1930 he also created plastic works. Between 1929 and 1933 he received a scholarship. In 1933 he again made a mural entitled Bathers as a commissioned work in the Uhlenbusch sports center (demolished in 2014) in the joint municipality of Hanstedt . From 1933 he lived at Pöseldorferweg 19 and from 1935 at Hammer Kirche 30. His studio was from 1936 in the so-called Slomannburg in Harvestehuder Weg 5 on the Outer Alster . In the second half of 1936 he received a scholarship for the second time from the Erdwin Amsinck Foundation .

Grave "Max.AM Jahns", Ohlsdorf cemetery

In the summer of 1937, a painting by him was declared as Degenerate Art , confiscated and probably destroyed, a dune landscape from the collection of the Hamburger Kunsthalle . Responsible for this was Adolf Ziegler , who confiscated 72 paintings from the Kunsthalle, while his assistant Wolfgang Willrich sorted out works in the Kupferstichkabinett. Jahn's murals in the Kohlhöfen library were also painted over in 1937 on the instructions of the National Socialists.

1940–1943 his studio was in the Stinnes house at 23 Schöne Aussicht . From 1942 Herbert Spangenberg also had a studio there. At the time Otto Thämer , Fritz Schirrmacher (1893–1948) and Herbert Mhe (1891–1952) also had a studio there. In 1943, Jahn's studio, which was meanwhile on Hammer Landstrasse , was bombed out. Hardly any works have survived from the time of the Second World War , which of course also has to do with the bombing and the works destroyed by it.

After the end of the war, he lived with his wife Meta in a room on Grillparzerstrasse in the Uhlenhorst district . From 1950 to 1952 his studio was again in the street Schöne Aussicht 23. He could not build on the successes of the time before 1937 and died in 1957 poor and lonely. Like his wife and parents, he was buried in the Ohlsdorf cemetery , grid square Bi 52,245-46.

Maximilian Jahns is represented with works in the collections of the Hamburger Kunsthalle , the Museum for Hamburg History and the Authority for Culture and Media .

style

After the initially Impressionist style of painting, around 1920 he switched to an expressionist , two-dimensional style of painting with dark contours. After the war he developed a late style based on the New Objectivity with static forms and dark colors.

Exhibitions (selection)

Solo exhibitions

Group exhibitions

  • 1912: Commeter Gallery
  • 1919: Commeter Gallery
  • 1919–1920: First exhibition of the Hamburg Secession in the Hamburger Kunsthalle - 3 paintings
  • 1921: Exhibition by the German Association of Artists in Hamburg
  • 1925: Jury-free art exhibition in the Hamburger Kunsthalle
  • 1925: Christmas exhibition by the Hamburg Artists' Association in the Langhagen & Harnisch art salon on Gänsemarkt 6
  • 1927: Exhibition of the Hamburg Secession in the Hamburger Kunsthalle
  • 1929: Art exhibition in Altona
  • 1930: International Alpine Pictures Exhibition in the National Salon Budapest , Hungary - Three oil paintings: Snow landscape near Arosa , winter landscape (in Arosa) and Lake Maggiore ( Locarno )
  • 1930: Annual exhibition of the Hamburg Artists' Association from 1832 at the Kunstverein in Hamburg
  • 1930: Exhibition of Hamburg artists at the Kunstverein in Hamburg
  • 1932: Hundred-year exhibition of the Hamburger Künstlerverein from 1832 in the Hamburger Kunsthalle - two oil paintings: portrait of the artist's wife and gladioli
  • 1933: Northern Germany, landscape, people in the Hamburger Kunsthalle
  • 1934: Art Association in Hamburg
  • 1937: Art Association in Hamburg
  • 1957: Museum of Hamburg History

Posthumously

  • 2013: Hamburg artist from the Mathias F. Hans collection in the Stroganow Palace in Saint Petersburg , Russia - oil painting Lake District
  • 2013–2014: Ice cold emotions - works from the Frank Brabant Collection between Expressionism and Verism in the Jesuit Church Art Hall , Aschaffenburg

Catalog of works (selection)

Dimensions: width × height

  • Around 1912: Alsterufer , Outer Alster (oil on canvas, 78 × 65.5 cm)
  • 1913: Evening Suns ( Fehmarn ) (oil on canvas, 45 × 45 cm)
  • 1913: Red Forest (oil on canvas, 60 × 74 cm)
  • Around 1913: Winter landscape (in Arosa ) (oil on canvas) - exhibited in Budapest in 1930
  • Around 1913: Snow landscape near Arosa (oil on canvas, 90 × 76 cm) - Exhibited in Budapest in 1930 - Hamburger Kunsthalle (there is also a copy by a restorer from the Museum of Hamburg History )
  • Around 1913: Portrait of a young man (self-portrait?) (Oil on canvas, 57.5 × 43.5 cm)
  • Around 1914: Lake Maggiore (Locarno) (oil on canvas) - Exhibited in Budapest in 1930
  • 1914 Alpine landscape with a lake (oil on canvas, laid down on wood, 85 × 64 cm)
  • 1914: Rocky landscape ( Dolomites ) (oil on canvas, mounted on cardboard, 42.3 × 49.5)
  • 1914: Mediterranean village landscape with wall (oil on canvas, mounted on cardboard, 18.3 × 19.8 cm)
  • 1914: Houses on the Mediterranean Sea ( Nervi ) (oil on canvas, laminated on cardboard, 42 × 34.5 cm)
  • 1914: Port of Nervi - Hamburger Kunsthalle
  • 1915: Southern coastal landscape (oil on canvas, mounted on cardboard, 38 × 43.5 cm)
  • Before 1920: head of a woman (pastel, 38 × 47.5 cm)
  • 1920: Hamburgischer Wasserträger (oil on canvas, 71 × 76 cm)
  • 1926: View of the Elbe with sailing boats (watercolor, 50 × 35 cm)
  • 1929: Fischbeker Heide - Hamburger Kunsthalle
  • 1930: Shepherd with sheep in the shade of blossoming fruit trees (oil on hardboard, 98 × 77 cm)
  • 1930: Female nude (watercolor), on the reverse male nude (watercolor, brown background color)
  • 1931: Female nude (watercolor), white counterpainting and stamp imprint of the estate of Maximilian Jahn on the reverse
  • 1932: Male Nude, study (watercolor, green background color)
  • Before 1933: Portrait of the artist's wife (oil painting) - exhibited in Hamburg in 1932
  • Before 1933: Gladiolus (oil painting) - Exhibited in Hamburg in 1932
  • Around 1935: Seenplatte (no lake district , but landscape with a lake) (oil on canvas, 62 × 38 cm) - exhibited in 2013 in St. Petersburg - Mathias F. Hans collection, Hamburg
  • 19 ??: Children bathing by the river (oil on canvas, 76 × 59 cm)
  • 19 ??: Two abstract heads (pastel on cardboard, 85 × 68 cm)
  • 19 ??: Portrait of a woman (oil on canvas, 40 × 60 cm)

Destroyed or painted over works:

Two paintings were declared, confiscated and destroyed as degenerate art in 1937 , including a dune landscape from the collection of the Hamburger Kunsthalle . The eight Hamburg folk life depictions from 1919 in the Kohlhöfen library were also painted over in 1937 on the instructions of the National Socialists. In 1943, when his studio on Hammer Landstrasse was bombed out, works were also destroyed. The mural entitled Bathers in the Uhlenbusch sports center in the Hanstedt municipality was destroyed in 2014 at the latest when the house was demolished.

literature

  • D .: Jahns, Maximilian . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General lexicon of fine artists from antiquity to the present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 18 : Hubatsch – Ingouf . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1925, p. 346 .
  • Hamburg Artists Association : A Hundred Years of Hamburg Art. Verlag Br. Sachse, Hamburg 1932, p. 66. (digitized version)
  • Jahns, Maximilian . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General Lexicon of Fine Artists of the XX. Century. tape 2 : E-J . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1955, p. 524 .
  • Jahns, Maximilian. In: Volker Detlef Heydorn : Painter in Hamburg. Volume 1: 1886-1945. Professional Association of Visual Artists, Hamburg (ed.). Hans Christians Verlag, Hamburg 1974, ISBN 3-7672-0230-1 , pp. 100, 117, 178.
  • Jahns, Maximilian. In: Volker Detlef Heydorn: Painter in Hamburg. Volume 3: 1966-1974. Professional Association of Visual Artists, Hamburg (ed.). Hans Christians Verlag, Hamburg 1974, ISBN 3-7672-0290-5 , pp. 129, 151.
  • Maike Bruhns : Art in Crisis. Volume 1: Hamburg Art in the “Third Reich”. Dölling and Galitz, Munich / Hamburg 2001, ISBN 3-933374-94-4 , pp. 19, 56, 67, 112, 134, 137, 185, 442, 580, 584.
  • Maike Bruhns: Art in Crisis. Volume 2: Artist Lexicon Hamburg 1933–1945. Dölling and Galitz, Munich / Hamburg 2001, ISBN 3-933374-95-2 , pp. 219-220, 365.
  • Maike Bruhns: Jahns, Maximilian (Conrad Ernst). In: The new rump. Lexicon of the visual artists of Hamburg. Ed .: Rump family. Revised new edition of Ernst Rump's dictionary . Supplemented and revised by Maike Bruhns. Wachholtz, Neumünster 2013, ISBN 978-3-529-02792-5 , pp. 216-217.

Web links

  • Painting by Maximilian Jahns at mutualart.com
  • Painting by Maximilian Jahns at Ketterer Kunst ( enter Jahns as search term )
  • Painting by Maximilian Jahns on artnet
  • Biography of Maximilian Jahns and paintings at Arcadja
  • Biography of Maximilian Jahns on the Hamburg Personalities website , in which the Museum of Hamburg History is a patron
  • Biography of Maximilian Jahns on page 88 of the PDF file from Galerie Hans , Hamburg
  • Exhibitions by Maximilian Jahns at artist-info

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Hamburg address book from 1887.
  2. ↑ In Der Neue Rump : 1930, in Hundred Years of Hamburg Art (by the Hamburger Künstlerverein): 1919
  3. ↑ Scholarship 1
  4. ^ "Haus Uhlenbusch": Just one more sand desert , Kreiszeitung Wochenblatt , July 8, 2014.
  5. ↑ Scholarship 2 , p. 306 of the PDF file (original page 298), footnote 1737.
  6. ↑ grave situation in Förderkreis Ohlsdorf cemetery
  7. ↑ Sources for the texts on the page: See biographies on the web links
  8. ^ First exhibition of the Hamburg Secession , place and time
  9. ^ Exhibition overview in: Annual report of the Kunstverein in Hamburg, 1920. p. 10 (PDF-p. 9). PDF file from kunstverein.de
  10. ^ Christmas exhibition of the Hamburger Künstlerverein in: Altonaer Nachrichten , November 25, 1925, p. 9.
  11. ^ Exhibition catalog , p. 42 of the PDF file (original page 44) (Hungarian). The Hungarian picture titles may not be correctly translated into German in the Wikipedia article
  12. ↑ PDF file ( memento of October 29, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) of the Kunstverein in Hamburg with details of the participants in the exhibition
  13. ↑ Exhibition directory 1932
  14. ↑ Black and white illustration of the portrait of his wife in Hundert Jahre Hamburger Kunst (with exhibition directory), 1932, p. 130.
  15. ^ Description of the exhibition on the website of Galerie Hans
  16. ^ Exhibition catalog with artist biography and picture of the painting, pp. 88 and 89 of the PDF file, from the website of Galerie Hans
  17. ↑ Exhibitions by Maximilian Jahans at artist-info
  18. ↑ Illustration and description , Alsterufer , on the Stahl auction house website
  19. ↑ Figure evening suns. At Ketterer Kunst, much larger (non-linkable) image (see web links)
  20. ↑ Figure Red Forest. At Ketterer Kunst, much larger (non-linkable) image (see web links)
  21. ↑ Illustration , snow landscape near Arosa at bridgeman images
  22. ↑ Copy of the painting Snow Landscape near Arosa
  23. ↑ Figure Portrait of a Young Man. At Ketterer Kunst, much larger (non-linkable) image (see web links)
  24. ↑ Illustration of the Alpine landscape with a lake
  25. ↑ Figure rock landscape. At Ketterer Kunst, much larger (non-linkable) image (see web links)
  26. ↑ Figure Mediterranean village landscape. At Ketterer Kunst, much larger (non-linkable) image (see web links)
  27. ↑ Illustration of houses on the Mediterranean. At Ketterer Kunst, much larger (non-linkable) image (see web links)
  28. ↑ Figure southern coastal landscape
  29. ↑ Figure woman's head. At Ketterer Kunst, much larger (non-linkable) image (see web links)
  30. ↑ Illustration of the Hamburg water carrier
  31. ↑ Figure view of the Elbe
  32. ↑ Figure , shepherd with sheep
  33. ↑ Description of the female and male nude
  34. ↑ Figures , female nude, front and back
  35. ↑ Illustration of the male nude
  36. ↑ Figure bathing children. At Ketterer Kunst, much larger (non-linkable) image (see web links)
  37. ↑ Figure Two abstract heads
  38. ↑ Figure portrait of a woman
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personal data
SURNAME Jahns, Maximilian
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German painter
DATE OF BIRTH October 23, 1887
PLACE OF BIRTH Hamburg
DATE OF DEATH October 1, 1957
Place of death Hamburg