Miłki
| Miłki | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Warmia-Masuria | ||
| Powiat : | Giżycko | ||
| Gmina : | Miłki | ||
| Geographic location : | 53 ° 57 ' N , 21 ° 53' E | ||
| Residents : | 655 (March 31, 2011) | ||
| Postal code : | 11-513 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 87 | ||
| License plate : | NGI | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | DK63 : ( Russia -) Perły - Giżycko ↔ Pisz - Łomża - Sławatycze (- Belarus ) | ||
| Drozdowo / DK16 - Marcinowa Wola → Miłki | |||
| Czyprki / DW656 → Miłki | |||
| Rail route : | Lötzen – Johannisburg , closed in 1945 | ||
| Next international airport : | Danzig | ||
Miłki [ ˈmʲiwkʲi ] ( German Milken ) is a village in the powiat Giżycki of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship in Poland . It is the seat of the rural community of the same name with 3742 inhabitants (as of June 30, 2019).
Geographical location
Miłki is 14 kilometers southeast of Giżycko (Lötzen) in the former East Prussia on the east bank of the Jezioro Miłkowskie (Wobel Lake) in the Masurian Lake District .
history
Milken was first mentioned in a document in 1475. The church was built around 1481. In 1625 the inhabitants of the village were exclusively Polish, in 1656 the Cossacks invaded Milken.
Between 1818 and 1945 Milken was part of the Prussian district of Lötzen in the administrative district of Gumbinnen in the province of East Prussia . The place was on March 29, 1874 Amtsdorf and eponymous for an administrative district that existed until 1945.
In 1910 there were 591 residents registered in Milken. Their number rose to 871 by 1933 and was 953 in 1939.
Due to the provisions of the Versailles Treaty , the population in the Allenstein voting area , to which Milken belonged, voted on July 11, 1920 on whether they would continue to belong to East Prussia (and thus to Germany) or join Poland. In Milken, 580 residents voted to remain with East Prussia, Poland did not cast any votes.
After the end of the Second World War , the place came with the entire southern East Prussia to Poland and received the Polish name form "Miłki". About 650 people live in the village. It is the seat of Gmina Miłki and belongs to the Giżycki powiat, from 1975 to 1998 to the Suwałki Voivodeship , since then to the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship.
Milken District (1874–1945)
Between 1874 and 1945 Milken formed an administrative district in the Lötzen district . Originally eight villages belonged to it, in the end there were seven:
| Surname | Change name from 1938 to 1945 |
Polish name |
Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Czyprken |
(from 1928 :) Freiort |
Czyprki | |
| Lipiensques |
(from 1927): Lindenwiese |
Lipińskie | |
| Marczinawolla |
(from 1929 :) Martinshagen |
Marcina Wola | |
| Milks | Miłki | ||
| Mniechen |
(from 1928 :) Münchenfelde |
Miechy | |
| Ogrodtken | Ogródek | incorporated into Wissowatten | |
| Sczepanks | Lows | Szczepanki | |
| Wissowatten | Wyszowate |
On January 1, 1945 Freiort, Lindenwiese, Martinshagen, Milken, Münchfelde, Tiefen and Wissowatten were integrated into the district.
church
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Church building
Milken was already a church village in the pre-Reformation period . The foundation walls of the church, which is one of the oldest churches in Masuria , date from the end of the 15th century. After a fire in 1656, the church was rebuilt in 1669. After 1945 it became a Catholic parish church with the name “Church of the Mother of God, Queen of Poland” (Mother of God Church), which, after extensive restoration work, has now been adapted in terms of equipment and design to the Roman Catholic liturgy.
Parish
Evangelical
From the Reformation until 1945 the Milken Church was a Protestant church. The extensive parish , which in 1925 had a total of 6,058 parishioners in almost 30 towns, villages and places to live, belonged to the parish of Lötzen in the church province of East Prussia of the Church of the Old Prussian Union until 1945 . Church life collapsed in 1945 due to the flight and displacement of the local population . Evangelical church members now living in Miłki are parish in the Evangelical parish church in Giżycko (Lötzen) with the branch parish Wydminy (Widminnen) within the Masuria diocese of the Evangelical Augsburg Church in Poland .
Roman Catholic
Before 1945 the numerically few Catholic inhabitants of Milkens were integrated into the parish church of St. Bruno in Lötzen . The previously Protestant church in Miłki has been a Catholic parish church since 1945. It is part of the Deanery Giżycko - św. Krzystofa in the Diocese of Ełk (Lyck) of the Roman Catholic Church in Poland .
local community
The rural community Miłki extends over an area of 169.43 km² around the village Miłki with its central office. 65% of the community area is used for agriculture, 14% for forestry. The rural community (gmina wiejska) Miłki includes the village itself and 17 other villages with school authorities (sołectwa).
Buildings
In the north-west of Miłki near the road to Przykop (Przykopp) at 53 ° 56'16 "north latitude and 21 ° 50'41" east longitude there is a transmitter for VHF and TV with a 327 meter high transmission mast.
traffic
Miłki is located on the major north-south traffic axis of the Polish state road DK63 (section of the former German Reichsstraße 131 ), which leads from the Polish-Russian border to the Polish-Belarusian border.
The closest international airport is Gdansk Airport , which can only be reached by a long journey.
Between 1905 and 1945 Milken was a train station on the Lötzen – Arys (–Johannisburg) line , which was abandoned and dismantled due to the war. The station building is used as a private residence, the municipal building yard is located on the former station site.
Sons and daughters of the place
- Jan Jakub Hoynowius (1652–1698), Protestant pastor, writer, cantor and translator of hymns
- Joachim Kaiser (1928–2017), art historian and critic.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ CIS 2011: Ludność w miejscowościach statystycznych według ekonomicznych grup wieku , March 31, 2011, accessed on April 21, 2019 (Polish).
- ^ Dietrich Lange, Geographical Location Register East Prussia (2005): Milken
- ↑ a b Miłki - Milks
- ^ A b Rolf Jehke: Milken district
- ^ Uli Schubert: Community directory, Lötzen district
- ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Landkreis Lötzen (Polish Gizycko). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ Herbert Marzian , Csaba Kenez : self-determination for East Germany. Documentation on the 50th anniversary of the East and West Prussian referendum on July 11, 1920. Editor: Göttinger Arbeitskreis , 1970, p. 80
- ↑ Walther Hubatsch : History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia. Volume 2: Pictures of East Prussian churches. Göttingen 1968, pp. 121-122
- ^ Picture of the war-damaged church in Milken
- ↑ Walther Hubatsch: History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia. Volume 3: Documents. Göttingen 1968, p. 492
Official seat: Miłki (Milken)
Villages and school offices : Bielskie (Bilsken / Billsee) | Czyprki (Czyprken / Freiort) | Danowo (Dannowen / Dannen) | Jagodne Małe (Small Jagodnen / Small Roast) | Jagodne Wielkie (Groß Jagodnen / Großkrösten) | Kleszczewo (Kleszewen / Brassendorf) | Konopki Małe (Klein Konopken / Waldfließ) | Konopki Nowe | Konopki Wielkie (Groß Konopken / Hemp) | Lipińskie (Lipiensken / Lindenwiese) | Lipowy Dwór (Lindenhof) | Marcinowa Wola (Marczinawolla / Martinshagen) | Miłki (Milken) | Paprotki (Paprodtken / Goldensee) | Ruda (Ruhden / Eisenwerk) | Rydzewo (Rydzewen / Rotwalde) | Staświny (Staßwinnen / Eisermühl) | Wyszowate (Wissowatten)
Localities and hamlets: Borki (Borken) | Jedamki (Jedamken / Stenzeln) | Jedamki (osada) | Kleszczewo-Osada | Miechy (Mniechen / Münchenfelde) | Staświny-Osada | Wierciejki (Wierczeyken / Gregerswalde) | Wyłudki (Willudtken / Heydeck)