Ruda (Miłki)

Ruda
	Ruda
	Ruda
Basic data
State :	Poland
Voivodeship :	Warmia-Masuria
Powiat :	Giżycko
Gmina :	Miłki
Geographic location :	53 ° 59 ′ N , 21 ° 50 ′ E Coordinates: 53 ° 58 ′ 39 " N , 21 ° 50 ′ 19" E
Residents :	326 (March 31, 2011)
Postal code :	11-513
Telephone code :	(+48) 87
License plate :	NGI
Economy and Transport
Street :	DK 63 : ( Russia -) Perły - Giżycko ↔ Pisz - Łomża - Sławatycze (- Belarus )
	Jagodne Małe - Rydzewo → Ruda
	Wierciejki - Kleszczewo → Ruda
Rail route :	Lötzen – Johannisburg railway line , closed in 1945
Next international airport :	Danzig
	; ;

Ruda ( German Ruhden , 1938 to 1945 iron works ) is a place in the Polish Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship and belongs to the rural community Miłki (Milken) in the powiat Giżycki ( Lötzen district ).

Geographical location

The Jezioro Wojnowo (Hesse Lake) , on the north bank of which is Ruda

Ruda is located on the north bank of the Hesse Lake ( Jezioro Wojnowo in Polish ) in the eastern center of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship . It is eight kilometers to the northwest to the district town of Giżycko (Lötzen) .

history

Today's settlement ( osada in Polish ) and the former Gutsdorf Rudden - after 1818 Ruden , until 1938 Ruhden - was founded in 1535. Between 1874 and 1945 the village was in the District Staßwinnen incorporated (1938-1945 Eisermühl, Polish Staświny) of the circle Lötzen in Administrative district Gumbinnen (1905 and 1945 was: administrative district Allenstein ) in the Prussian province of East Prussia belonged.

From 1874 to 1945, Ruhden / Eisenwerk was also assigned to the Staßwinnen / Eisermühl registry office . The place had 144 inhabitants in 1910, in 1933 there were already 169, and in 1939 only 127.

Based on the provisions of the Versailles Treaty , the population in the Allenstein voting area , to which Ruhden belonged, voted on July 11, 1920 on whether they would continue to belong to East Prussia (and thus to Germany) or join Poland. In Ruhden, 80 residents voted to remain with East Prussia, Poland did not cast any votes.

On June 3, officially confirmed on July 16, 1938, Ruhden was renamed "Eisenwerk" for political and ideological reasons to avoid foreign-sounding place names.

As a result of the war, the place came to Poland in 1945 along with all of southern East Prussia and since then has borne the Polish name form "Ruda". Today it is the seat of a Schulzenamt (Polish sołectwo), which also includes the neighboring town of Kąp . As such, Ruda is a district of the rural community Miłki (Milken) in the powiat Giżycki ( Lötzen district ), before 1998 the Suwałki Voivodeship , since then part of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship .

church

Ruhden resp. Until 1945, Eisenwerk was parish in the Protestant Church of Milken in the church province of East Prussia of the Church of the Old Prussian Union and in the Catholic parish church of St. Bruno Lötzen in the Diocese of Warmia . Today Ruda belongs to the evangelical parish church Giżycko in the diocese of Masuria of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland or is a subsidiary of the parish church Miłki in the diocese of Ełk (Lyck) of the Roman Catholic Church in Poland with its own Catholic chapel .

school

Ruhden / Eisenwerk was not a separate school location. The children were taught in the school in Staßwinnen (1938-1945 Eisermühl, Polish Staświny) until 1945.

traffic

Ruda is located on the major north-south traffic axis, the Polish state road DK 63 (former German Reichsstraße 131 ), which connects the Polish-Russian border at Perły (Perlswalde) with the Polish-Belarusian border at Sławatycze and crosses two voivodships . In addition, the neighboring towns of Jagodne Małe (Klein Jagodnen , 1938 to 1945 Kleinkrösten) and Wierciejki (Wierczeyken , 1928 to 1945 Gregerswalde) are connected to Ruda by side roads.

From 1906 to 1945, Ruhden / Eisenwerk was a railway station on the Lötzen – Johannisburg (Giżycko – Pisz) railway line, which was abandoned in 1945 .

Individual evidence

^ CIS 2011: Ludność w miejscowościach statystycznych według ekonomicznych grup wieku , March 31, 2011, accessed on April 21, 2019 (Polish).
↑ Polish Postal Code Directory 2013, p. 1089
^ Dietrich Lange, Geographical Location Register East Prussia (2005): Eisenwerk
^ Rolf Jehke, Staßwinnen / Eisermühl district
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d Ruhden (district of Lötzen)
↑ Uli Schubert, community directory, Lötzen district
^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Landkreis Lötzen (Polish Gizycko). Accessed September 2018(Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
↑ Herbert Marzian , Csaba Kenez : self-determination for East Germany. Documentation on the 50th anniversary of the East and West Prussian referendum on July 11, 1920. Editor: Göttinger Arbeitskreis , 1970, p. 81
↑ Walther Hubatsch : History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia. Volume 3: Documents. Göttingen 1968, p. 492

[1] CIS 2011: Ludność w miejscowościach statystycznych według ekonomicznych grup wieku , March 31, 2011, accessed on April 21, 2019 (Polish).

[2] Polish Postal Code Directory 2013, p. 1089

[3] Dietrich Lange, Geographical Location Register East Prussia (2005): Eisenwerk

[4] Rolf Jehke, Staßwinnen / Eisermühl district

[wiki-5] Ruhden (district of Lötzen)

[6] Uli Schubert, community directory, Lötzen district

[7] Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Landkreis Lötzen (Polish Gizycko). Accessed September 2018(Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).

[8] Herbert Marzian , Csaba Kenez : self-determination for East Germany. Documentation on the 50th anniversary of the East and West Prussian referendum on July 11, 1920. Editor: Göttinger Arbeitskreis , 1970, p. 81

[9] Walther Hubatsch : History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia. Volume 3: Documents. Göttingen 1968, p. 492