Teluk Cenderawasih National Park

Teluk Cenderawasih National Park
Coordinates: 2 ° 30 ′ 0 ″  S , 134 ° 3 ′ 0 ″  E
Location:	Papua Barat , Indonesia
Next city:	Manokwari
Surface:	14535 km²
Founding:	2002

The Teluk Cenderawasih National Park is the largest marine national park in Indonesia with about 14,535 km² , located in the Cenderawasih Bay in New Guinea . Most of the park belongs to the Teluk Wondama District of Papua Barat Province , while the eastern part belongs to the Nabire District of Papua Province . The park includes the islands of Mioswaar, Nusrowi, Roon, Rumberpon and Yoop. The park protects a marine ecosystem with over 150 recorded coral species , which is why it is considered a potential world heritage .

Flora and fauna

A parrotfish, one of 200 species of fish in the national park

There are 47 species in the park. On an area of ​​14,535 km², the national park includes coastal and mangrove ecosystems (0.9%), coral reefs (5.5%), island ecosystems (covered with tropical forest) (3.8%) and marine waters (89.8%). There are 46 species of flora on the islands, with Bruguiera and Avicennia species predominating, as well as Nypa fruticans , Metroxylon sagu , Casuarina equisetifolia and Terminalia catappa .

The coral reef ecosystem is part of the coral triangle . The park is home to 150 coral species belonging to 15 different families and spread over the coastal areas of 18 islands. These include colonies of blue corals , black corals , Leptoseris species, Mycedium elephantotus and soft corals . The percentage of cover with living corals varies from 30–40% to 64–65%.

Over 200 species of fish inhabit the park, including butterfly fish , damselfish , parrot fish , rabbit fish , real clown fish and sharks . Mollusc species include cowries , conch , Lambis species, Charonia tritonis and Tridacna gigas .

Four types of turtles can be found in the park: the hawksbill turtle , green turtle , olive hybrid turtle and leatherback turtle . Marine mammals include dugong , blue whales and dolphins .

Human settlement

Approx. 14,000 people live in 72 villages within the park. Several Austronesian languages are spoken in the area belonging to the Cenderawasih language branch , including: Wandamen, Dusner, Meoswar, Roon and Yeretuar.

protection

In 1990 the area was designated as the Teluk Cendrawasih Marines Nature Reserve . The national park was planned in 1993 and declared in 2002. The park is operated by Balai Taman Nasional with 106 employees.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Statistics Balai Taman Nasional Teluk Cenderawasih 2006 ( Memento of the original from July 22, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed on May 11, 2010 
2. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Ministry of Forestry: Teluk Cenderawasih NP ( Memento of the original from December 29, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed on May 11, 2010 
3. ↑ UNEP: A Global Overview of Wetland and Marine Protected Areas on the World Heritage List ( Memento of the original dated May 5, 2001 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed on May 11, 2010 
4. ^ Ethnologue , accessed on May 11, 2010