Nicolas Maillot de la Treille

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Nicolas Maillot de la Treille, portrait by Johann Wilhelm Hoffnas , in the Reiss Museum , Mannheim

Nicolas Maillot de la Treille , also Nikolaus Maillot de la Treille (born August 30, 1725 in Mangiennes , Lorraine; † April 9, 1794 in Weinheim , Electoral Palatinate Bavaria ) was court chaplain of the Electorate of the Palatinate , court librarian , as well as infuled papal house prelate and advisor to Elector Karl Theodore .

Live and act

Coat of arms of the prelate

He was the son of his father of the same name, the Lorraine chief magistrate in Mangiennes and his wife Marie Anne Bertrand.

Nicolas Maillot de la Treille attended the Jesuit College of Pont-à-Mousson and the College Louis le Grand in Paris , studied theology at the Sorbonne University there and was ordained a priest as a cleric in the Diocese of Verdun . Then he looked after two sons of the Electoral Palatinate Vice- Court Chamber President Franz Benedikt Freiherr von Baden as court master . In 1756 the clergyman became court chaplain and librarian to the Palatinate Elector Karl Theodor in Mannheim , in 1763 he was a founding member of the Electoral Palatinate Academy of Sciences . During a visit to the Electoral Palatinate Court, the future nuncio and cardinal Giuseppe Garampi met him in Mannheim in 1762. In his travel notes, he noted:

“ The library is kept in good order by the librarian Abbé Nicolas Maillot de la Treille. French by birth, very lively, very knowledgeable about literature, and apparently kind-hearted. "

- Friedrich von Weech : Roman prelates on the German Rhine , New Year's sheets of the Baden Historical Commission , Volume 1 of the new series, Heidelberg, 1898, page 35

In 1767 the Elector Maillot de la Treille, together with his confrater, the later Cardinal Johann Casimir Häffelin, sent to Rome to track down the holdings of the former Bibliotheca Palatina from Heidelberg , which Elector Maximilian I had captured during the Thirty Years War and given to the Pope . In their holdings - which made up only a small fraction in the huge Vatican Library - immensely important documents on Palatinate history slumbered, not seen by anyone in living memory. For this purpose, Häffelin had already undertaken a preliminary tour to the Vatican and now the two priests were accompanied by Peter Anton von Verschaffelt , Theodor von Hacke, Nicolaus von Pigage , as well as Franz Joseph and Wilhelm Anton Weiler. The Zweibrücker court painter Johann Christian von Mannlich , who had stayed in Rome for a long time and temporarily joined the compatriots, reports on this in his "Memoirs":

“We devoted a few days to the famous Vatikana, where we paid particular attention to the Heidelberg library. While the Abbés Maillot and Häffelin leafed through the old manuscripts, we looked at the Etruscan vases and a tomb with the ashes of a Roman. "

- JC Mannlich, memoirs

Maillot de la Traille and his brother Häffelin also visited Herculaneum and Pompeii on this occasion , before they returned to Mannheim in October 1768. In 1770 he was appointed to the Real Secret Council .

At the turn of the year 1777/1778 the Electoral Palatinate and Bavaria were united to form the State of Electoral Palatinate Bavaria and the court now moved from Mannheim to Munich . Nicolas Maillot de la Treille followed Elector Karl Theodor there in 1781 and became chairman of all electoral libraries as well as the Maltese Comtor of the Bavarian Tongue of the Order, zu Möschenfeld . In 1784 the priest was appointed honorary member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences . Pope Pius VI appointed Maillot de la Treille infuled Papal House Prelate . Due to the infulation he was entitled to wear an episcopal miter on festive occasions . The prelate also included this in his personal coat of arms.

In 1781, Nicolas Maillot de la Treille introduced the Lazarists to the Electoral Palatinate as successors to the abolished Jesuit order . Father Johann Wilhelm Theobald was appointed first provincial. Maillot de la Treille is described as a devout pastor and kind youth educator. He had international connections, was considered a reliable confidante of the papal curia and its nuncios in Germany, was an avowed opponent of the national church Febronianism and supported the positions of the pope in everything.

Nicolas Maillot de la Treille and his as-Palatinate Bavarian lieutenant colonel and Square Major of Dusseldorf active brother Joseph Maillot de la Treille (1733-1804) acquired in 1790 by Elector Karl Theodor as imperial vicar , the German recognition of its French aristocratic title.

The prelate died in Weinheim in the Electoral Palatinate in 1794. His nephew Nikolaus von Maillot de la Treille (1774–1834) rose to become Minister of War of the Kingdom of Bavaria .

Fonts

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ To purchase the portrait for the Reiss Museum Mannheim, 2016 ( Memento of the original from April 19, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.mannheimer-altertumsverein.de
  2. ↑ Archive for Middle Rhine Church History , Volume 41, 1989, page 196; Excerpt from the source
  3. ^ Roman historical communications , Austrian Cultural Institute in Rome, 1978, volumes 20–21, page 100
  4. ^ Johann Christian von Mannlich : Histoire de ma vie . Ed .: Karl-Heinz Bender and Hermann Kleber, 2 volumes, Trier 1989–1993 ISBN 3-87760-700-4 . Vol. 1, p. 268
  5. ^ Abbé Nicolas Maillot de la Treille , honorary members of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences
  6. ↑ On the introduction of the Lazarists in the Electoral Palatinate
personal data
SURNAME Maillot de la Treille, Nicolas
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Maillot de la Treille, Nicholas
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Roman Catholic priest, honorary prelate, court chaplain and court librarian
DATE OF BIRTH August 30, 1725
PLACE OF BIRTH Mangiennes , Lorraine
DATE OF DEATH April 9, 1794
Place of death Weinheim , Electoral Palatinate, Bavaria