Nils Gyllenstierna

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Nils Gyllenstierna (Portrait of David von Krafft )
Coat of arms of Counts Gyllenstierna af Fogelvik

Nils Gyllenstierna (German: Nikolaus Gyldenstern ), from 1706 Count Gyllenstierna af Fogelvik (born October 13, 1648 in Wismar , † March 30, 1720 in Stockholm ) was a Swedish field marshal and from 1698 to 1710 Governor General of the Duchies of Bremen and Verden .

Life

Gyllenstierna was the son of the vice-commander in Wismar Karl Freiherr Gyllenstierna af Lundholm († 1650) and his wife Sidonia Mannersköld († 1656). Since his parents died early, he was raised by his uncle Johan Freiherr Gyllenstierna af Lundholm (1617–1690), who became president of the Wismar tribunal in 1662 . After his school education Gyllenstierna enrolled on May 17, 1662 as a student at Uppsala University . In 1663 he went to the University of Rostock and later to the University of Königsberg .

In 1666 he joined the Swedish army during the Second Bremen-Swedish War and served in the personal company of Count Carl Gustav Wrangel . In 1667 he was appointed ensign in the Kalmar regiment and was promoted to lieutenant in Count Dohna's regiment that same year . In 1668 he became a captain in the same regiment . From 1669 to 1672 he toured Europe.

In July 1672, at the beginning of the Dutch War , Gyllenstierna marched into the Netherlands with the army of the Prince-Bishop of Münster , Christoph Bernhard von Galen , and took part in the unsuccessful siege of Groningen . In 1673 he became a major in the regiment of Colonel Göran Ulfsparre († 1700) in the Dutch service and was promoted to lieutenant colonel there in 1674 .

During the Northern War he returned to Sweden and on August 11, 1676 became a lieutenant colonel in a dragoons regiment. In 1677, as a colonel, he headed a regiment on horseback that he set up himself. After the Peace of Lund , he took over a Northern Danish cavalry regiment on November 12, 1679 .

On April 26, 1693 he was appointed major general of the cavalry and Landshövding of the province of Jönköpings län . On July 22, 1696 Gyllenstierna became lieutenant general and governor of Wismar. On July 4, 1698 he became General of the Cavalry and Governor General of the Duchies of Bremen and Verden. As such, he was accepted into the St. Antonii Brotherhood in Stade in 1699 . On November 15, 1699 he became the commander of all Swedish troops in Germany.

When the Great Northern War broke out in 1700, Gyllenstierna crossed the Elbe with 10,000 men and defeated the Danish troops at Reinbek . In 1702 he strengthened the troops of King Charles XII. in Poland with 12,000 men. In 1705 he was appointed to the royal council and on June 20, 1706 as Gyllenstierna af Fogelvik in the Swedish counts .

During the unrest in Hamburg in 1708, he occupied the city with troops from Lower Saxony. On November 30, 1709 Gyllenstierna was appointed field marshal and on August 30, 1710 president of the Swedish War College. From 1714 to 1719 he was commander in chief of the troops in the Swedish province of Skåne .

Gyllenstierna died on March 30, 1720 in Stockholm and was buried on April 7, 1720 in the Ulrika Eleonora Church in Kungsholmen .

literature

Web links

Commons : Nils Gyllenstierna (1648–1720)  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Johan Gyllenstierna . In: Theodor Westrin (Ed.): Nordisk familjebok konversationslexikon och realencyklopedi . 2nd Edition. tape 10 : Gossler-Harris . Nordisk familjeboks förlag, Stockholm 1909, Sp. 768-769 (Swedish, runeberg.org ).
  2. ↑ No entry in the Rostock matriculation portal
predecessor Office successor
Jürgen Mellin Governor General of the Duchies of Bremen and Verden
1698–1710 		Mauritz Vellingk
personal data
SURNAME Gyllenstierna, Nils
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Gyllenstierna, Nils Carlsson; Gyllenstierna, Nils Karlsson; Gyllenstierna af Fogelvik, Nils; Gyllenstierna af Fogelvik, Nils Carlsson; Gyllenstierna af Fogelvik, Nils Karlsson; Gyldenstern, Nicolaus; Gyldenstern, Nikolaus; Güldenstern, Niolaus; Güldenstern, Nikolaus
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swedish Field Marshal and Governor General of the Duchies of Bremen and Verden
DATE OF BIRTH October 13, 1648
PLACE OF BIRTH Wismar
DATE OF DEATH March 30, 1720
Place of death Stockholm