Ośno Lubuskie
| Ośno Lubuskie | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Lebus | ||
| Powiat : | Słubicki | ||
| Gmina : | Ośno Lubuskie | ||
| Area : | 8.01 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 52 ° 27 ' N , 14 ° 52' E | ||
| Residents : | 3888 (Dec. 31, 2016) | ||
| Postal code : | 69-220 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 95 | ||
| License plate : | FSL | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Ext. 134 Muszkowo– Rzepin –Urad | ||
| Ext. 137 Słubice - Międzyrzecz - Trzciel | |||
| Rail route : | Wierzbno – Rzepin | ||
| Next international airport : | Poznań-Ławica | ||
Ośno Lubuskie ( German Drossen ) is a town in the powiat Słubicki of the Polish Lubusz Voivodeship with about 3900 inhabitants. It is the seat of the town-and-country municipality of the same name with 6400 inhabitants.
Geographical location
The place is 25 kilometers northeast of the city of Frankfurt (Oder) on the Lenka (Lenzebach) .
history
Capital of the Sternberger Land
There is no precise information about the foundation of the place. It probably happened in connection with the 1125 establishment of the diocese of Lebus by Duke Bolesław III. Crooked mouth . The market town was at the point where the roads from the episcopal city of Göritz and from Frankfurt via Meseritz to Posen met, led through the Lenzebach and crossed a trade route from Silesia to Stettin . The first written mention of it comes from the year 1252. At that time the town of Osna was owned by the Lubusz bishops. After a short time, Osna was given a new town. In 1249 Osna came into the possession of the Bishop of Magdeburg . In 1298 the Jakobikirche, a three-nave Gothic hall church, was consecrated .
In 1354 the town, whose name has been passed down as Drossen since 1375, came into the possession of the Margraves of Brandenburg. In 1401 Drossen, which had been a fief until then, became the property of the margraves. At that time the city was the center, since 1369 the mint and since 1447 the administrative seat of the Sternberger Land. Drossen had been fortified with a city wall made of field stones and two city gates since the beginning of the 14th century, and in the 14th and 15th centuries it belonged to the Confederation of New Mark cities. After the mercenary leader Duke Hans II of Sagan tried to invade Drossen during the Glogical Feud (1476–1488), the city wall was expanded and strengthened in 1477.
In 1596 a city fire also destroyed the Jakobikirche, which was soon rebuilt. The citizens of Drossen lived from the brewery and the town was an important center for cloth making . In 1810 the administration of the Sternberger Land was moved to Zielenzig . With the continental barrier of 1815, the cloth making trade perished.
With the beginning of industrialization, furniture production became more important in Drossen, and the kitchen furniture factory was established in 1893. The city operated since 1846 in the city forest lignite mines , which later was come yet briquette. Above all, the may flower cultivation was significant and unique .
Drossen has had a railway connection on the route from Reppen to Meseritz since 1890 .
Drossen had belonged to the district of Sternberg since 1818 and had been the district seat since 1852. After the division of the district, the town came to the Weststernberg district in 1873 and was its district town. In 1904 Drossen lost the district seat to Reppen. In 1916 Drossen became a garrison town .
During the Second World War , not far from the city, tanks of the Red Army attacked a passenger train overcrowded with civilians on February 1, 1945 , which had recently left the city heading west. Around 200 people were killed, including evacuees from Cologne .
Before the end of the war, the Red Army placed the conquered Drossen under the administration of the People's Republic of Poland . This renamed it Ośno Lubuskie , expelled the inhabitants and settled in their place Poles .
Mayflower city
In 1879, the master gardener Max Friedrich began growing lilies of the valley on a commercial basis . Within a short time, Drossen's may flower cultivation, which comprised twelve nurseries, became world-famous. In addition to the cultivation of particularly active ingredient-containing varieties, the Drossener Lily of the Valley was not only exported to other European countries, but also to Australia and America . In addition to the cultivation of plants, the production of medicines and other essences from lily of the valley became an important economic factor in the city. The town's advertising postmark, which had been in use since 1940, was also provided with a lily of the valley. This tradition was lost after the Second World War.
local community
The urban-and-rural municipality (gmina miejsko-wiejska) Ośno Lubuskie covers an area of 198 km². These include nine villages with school authorities,
Attractions
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- Ośno Lubuskie still has the almost completely preserved city wall from the 15th century. Only the foundations of both city gates (Frankfurter and Zielenziger Tor) have been preserved.
- The Gothic Jakobikirche was built from 1248 to 1298, most of the interior of which dates from the early 17th century. The church has been regotized since 1990.
- The rectory houses a medieval library, the most important treasures of which include a world chronicle by Hartmann Schedel from Nuremberg (1494) and the Poznan Missal (1505).
- The town hall was built from 1841 to 1844 according to plans by the architect Emil Flaminius in neo-Gothic style on the site of the older town hall from 1544, which had previously been demolished.
- The 40 hectare Reczynek (Röthsee) north of the city is a recreation and bathing area.
Population development
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Personalities
sons and daughters of the town
- Johann Christian Krenckel (1761–1831), German judicial commissioner
- Oscar Dörffler (1855–1933), inventor of rolled ham, founder of sports facilities and honorary citizen of the city
- Walther Lietzmann (1880–1959), mathematician.
People associated with the city
- Elias Loccelius (1621–1704), Brandenburg chronicler, was pastor in Drossen from 1674.
- The eminent theologian Friedrich Schleiermacher temporarily worked as a catechist in the Drossen rectory .
- The writer Hans Fallada worked from November 1923 to April 1924 in the grain and potato dealer Georg Kippferling .
literature
- Heinrich Berghaus : Land book of the Mark Brandenburg and the Margraviate Nieder-Lausitz in the middle of the 19th century . Volume 3, 1st edition, Brandenburg 1856, pp. 242-248 ( online ).
- W. Riehl and J. Scheu (eds.): Berlin and the Mark Brandenburg with the Margraviate Nieder-Lausitz in their history and in their present existence . Berlin 1861, pp. 479-481.
- Eduard Ludwig Wedekind : Sternbergische Kreis-Chronik. History of the cities, towns, villages, colonies, castles etc. of this part of the country from the earliest past to the present . Zielenzig 1855, pp. 224-232.
- Heinz W. Linke: Rittergutsdörfer - Kohlow, Zerbow, Schmagorei, Lieben . Verlag BoD, Norderstedt 2013, ISBN 978-3-8482-6786-6 ( limited preview ).
Web links
- Website of the City of Ośno Lubuskie (Polish)
- Website of the city of Ośno Lubuskie ("From Drossen to Ośno Lubuskie") (German)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Drossen tragedy. Cologne residents help clear up a war massacre . Article in the Bonner General-Anzeiger from December 10, 2017, requested on June 14, 2020.
- ↑ For June 30, 2005; Główny Urząd Statystyczny
- ↑ Jörg Lüderitz : Explorations east of the Oder. On the way between Frankfurt, Skwierzyna and Żary , 1st edition, Berlin: Trescher, 2005, ISBN 3-89794-082-5 , p. 47; online through google books