Oron-le-Châtel

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Oron-le-Châtel
Oron-le-Châtel coat of arms
State : SwitzerlandSwitzerland Switzerland
Canton : Canton of VaudCanton of Vaud Vaud (VD)
District : Lavaux-Oronw
Municipality : Oroni2
Postal code : 1608
Coordinates : 553 894  /  158091 coordinates: 46 ° 34 '21 "  N , 6 ° 50' 14"  O ; CH1903:  five hundred and fifty-three thousand eight hundred ninety-four  /  158091
Height : 712  m above sea level M.
Area : 1.26  km²
Residents: 293 (December 31, 2010)
Population density : 233 inhabitants per km²
Website: www.oron-le-chatel.ch
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Oron-le-Châtel (Switzerland)
Oron-le-Châtel
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Parish before the merger on December 31, 2011

Oron-le-Châtel was until December 31, 2011 a municipality in the Lavaux-Oron district of the canton of Vaud in Switzerland . On January 1, 2012, she merged with Oron .

geography

Oron-le-Châtel is 712  m above sea level. M. , one kilometer east of Oron-la-Ville and 17 kilometers east-northeast of the canton capital of Lausanne (as the crow flies). The village extends on a terrace east of the wide valley of the upper Broye , in the eastern edge of the Vaud Central Plateau .

The area of ​​the former municipal area, which is only 1.3 km² in size, comprises a section of the Molasse heights in the Alpine foothills. The northern border runs along the Flon brook , which is deepened into the molasse layers in a small erosion valley. To the south, the former communal soil extends over the terrace of Oron-le-Châtel to the Bois de l'Erberey forest area , which is drained to the Mionne . At 785  m above sea level M. the highest point of Oron-le-Châtel is reached at the height of Chesalles-sur-Oron. In 1997, 14% of the former municipal area was accounted for by settlements, 35% for forests and woodlands and 51% for agriculture.

Several individual farms belong to Oron-le-Châtel.

population

With 293 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2010) Oron-le-Châtel is one of the small former municipalities of the canton of Vaud. 95.3% of the residents are French-speaking, 2.2% German-speaking and 0.4% speak Romansh (as of 2000). The population of Oron-le-Châtel was 177 in 1900. After that, a decrease to 113 inhabitants was recorded through constant emigration until 1980; Since then, the population has risen again significantly and doubled within 20 years.

economy

Oron-le-Châtel was a predominantly agricultural village until the second half of the 20th century . The coal deposits in the municipality were mined in the 18th and 19th centuries as well as during the two world wars. Even today, have agriculture and livestock an important role in the employment structure of the population. Further jobs are available in local small businesses and in the service sector. With the construction of several single-family houses in the last few decades, the village has also developed into a residential community. Many workers are therefore commuters who work mainly in Lausanne and Vevey .

traffic

The former community is well developed in terms of traffic. It lies on the road from Lausanne to Bulle , from which a connection to Romont branches off at Oron-le-Châtel . On September 4, 1862, the railway line from Lausanne to Friborg with Oron station went into operation. Bus routes from Oron-le-Châtel (train station) to Oron-la-Ville, La Verrerie , Palézieux and Romont ensure the fine distribution of public transport .

history

Oron Castle

The first written mention of the name Oron was made in 515 in a document from the Abbey of Saint-Maurice . The Burgundian King Sigismund gave the area around Oron to the abbey. The name Curtis Auronum has been passed down from 516 to 1049 . In the following period, some of the goods seemed to have returned to Burgundy, because King Rudolf III. of Burgundy left a large part of its holdings in the Oron area to the Abbey of Saint-Maurice in 1017.

The rule of Oron developed from the abbey properties in the 12th century. The castle was built at the end of the 12th century. In the 13th century, the lords of Oron received the area as a fief from Peter of Savoy . During this century the Oron rule flourished; the members of the family held influential posts in Vaud. When the family of the Lords of Oron died out in 1388, the rule passed as inheritance to the Counts of Gruyères.

With the conquest of Vaud by Bern in 1536, Oron initially remained with the county of Gruyères, but came under the suzerainty of Bern. The Reformation was introduced in Oron-le-Châtel in 1539. By purchase, the former Oron dominion came to Bern in 1555, which established the Oron Bailiwick in 1557 . Under his direct rule, Bern installed 43 bailiffs in Oron from 1557 to 1798. The Abbot of Saint-Maurice still held rights to Oron until the middle of the 17th century. These were exchanged on August 7, 1671 in the so-called Echange d'Oron for rights of rule in Valais with Bern.

After the collapse of the Ancien Régime , Oron-le-Châtel belonged to the canton of Léman from 1798 to 1803 during the Helvetic Republic , which then became part of the canton of Vaud when the mediation constitution came into force . In 1798 it was assigned to the Oron district. The castle fell to the canton of Vaud, which turned it into a prison. After further changes of ownership, it came to the Association pour la conservation du Château d'Oron in 1936, which is responsible for maintaining the building fabric. The former municipality of Oron-le-Châtel in its current borders was only created in 1820 after the separation of Chesalles-sur-Oron and Bussigny-sur-Oron .

Attractions

Oron Castle rises on a promontory above the Flon valley, in a panoramic position around 100 m above the Oron basin. It was built in the late 12th and early 13th centuries and is the only surviving medieval castle in the Oron region. The oldest part of today's building is the round keep (13th century) on the northeast corner. The irregular building with an approximately oval floor plan has an inner courtyard, residential buildings that were redesigned several times from the 14th to the 18th century, and an extensive battlement. The castle now houses a museum. In the Knight's Hall with a late Gothic coffered ceiling is a library.

Web links

Commons : Oron-le-Châtel  - collection of images, videos and audio files