Parish Church of Strasbourg (Carinthia)
St. Nicholas , the Roman Catholic parish church in Strasbourg in Carinthia, is dedicated to St. Nicholas . It stands in the northeast of the town of Strasbourg under the former Bishop's Castle . Nine prince-bishops, including two cardinals, are buried in the church.
history
The church was first mentioned in 1169 as a chapel owned by the Gurk cathedral chapter . In 1229 she was given the parish rights of the castle chapel of the bishop's castle. Around 1330 Prince-Bishop Gerold set up a provost's office and a collegiate chapter . In 1432–1460, the bishops Johannes von Schallermann and Ulrich von Sonnenberg saw a major new building. The builder was probably Hans Chorch. The tower was completed in 1464. 1630–1643 the church underwent a baroque renovation under Bishop Sebastian von Lodron . The side aisles were converted into chapels and in 1640 the facade was redesigned.
Building description
Outside
The church is a stately, presumably originally two-aisled building with a two-bay choir with a five-eighth end. The core of the brickwork of the north tower and the north and west walls date from the 13th century. From the Gothic building of the choir with tall arched windows, dual-stepped buttresses, the late Gothic are sacristy with net vault received. The uniform, continuous gable roof is drawn down lower over the longitudinal walls. The nave has lunette and arched windows. The four-story north tower is set between the nave and the sacristy and jumps out a little in front of the north aisle. The lower floors are equipped with window notches, the bell floor with large sound openings. A late baroque onion helmet crowns the tower. The three-storey gable facade with flat volutes and a high, rectangular central window is structured by pilasters and cornices . The four evangelists are shown painted in four blind windows . The statue of St. Nicholas stands in the niche above the richly profiled, pointed arched entrance portal. To the right of the portal is an inscription stone with the founding inscription for the chapel built by Provost Gottfried Spinker in 1454. The memorial stone on the south wall pillar of the west facade commemorates Andreas Facinello, who died in 1584.
Inside
The west gallery rests on a rich, late Gothic star rib vault on four slender supports. The two western pillars are bundled, the two eastern octagonal pillars. The four-bay nave was redesigned in the Baroque to become a wall pillar church with three side chapels to the north and south. On the south side, in addition to the three open side chapels, there is also the western Maria Elend (Thun) chapel and the Salm chapel, which was built around 1785 and is part of the choir. A star-like knuckle-rib vault rises above the nave over five-sided, octagonal, capitalless services before the baroque renovation . The nave walls are divided by the arched openings to the side chapels. Above that there are blind windows on the north side and gallery windows on the south side. Figures of apostles stand at arch height. A slightly drawn-in, pointed arched, profiled triumphal arch connects the nave with the choir. The choir with four tall lancet windows is raised by two steps. The ribbed vault in the choir rests on consoles, some of which are adorned with coats of arms, and at the end of the choir on circular services. On the north wall of the choir, a rectangular portal leads into the ribbed, vaulted, two-bay sacristy. The Salmkapelle on the south side of the choir was built between 1783 and 1787. Above the unadorned, two-bay room with high lunette windows, a groin vault spans between belt arches. The rectangular side chapels in the nave are barrel vaulted , the walls structured with stucco frame fields.
Facility
High altar
The high altar, made by Erhard Veit in 1747 and taken by Johann Peter Marx in 1772, is a rich columnar altar with open sides. Johann Nischlwitzer created the statues for the main floor of the altar, the saints Aloisius von Gonzaga , Josef von Nazaret , Johannes Nepomuk and Petrus Claver . Josef Ferdinand Fromiller painted the middle picture , Balthasar Prandtstätter made the frame . The altarpiece shows a burning ship in a storm, above the glory of St. Nicholas. The altarpiece is a plastic representation of the Holy Trinity with angels created by Balthasar Prandtstätter . The tabernacle dates from the second half of the 18th century.
Establishment of the side chapels
The six altars in the side chapels have a similar structure. They consist of an aedicule above a high base and lateral, flat shell niches for console figures.
In the northwestern Sebastian chapel there is an altar created around 1665. The altar panel, an oil painting, shows the martyrdom of St. Sebastian , the side figures represent the saints Florian and Rochus and are probably by Anton Niederl . On the side are pictures from the 17th century.
The altar in the middle of the northern chapels, the Barbara chapel, shows the mystical marriage of St. Catherine in the altar panel from 1643 . The picture is a simplified copy of a painting painted by Paolo Veronese around 1575 and now in the Gallerie dell'Accademi in Venice . In the side niches are the statues of Saints Barbara and Maria Magdalena . The oil paintings on the walls show the lessons of Mary in a frame from the 18th century and the death of St. Anne in a rich acanthus frame from around 1700 . In this chapel you can see the coat of arms grave slab of Claudius Schneeweiß von Arnoldstein († 1642) and his wife Christina Rottmayr († 1647).
In the northeast rosary chapel there is an altar dated 1648. The altar niche hides a seated figure of the Virgin and Child, framed by medallions with painted depictions of the secrets of the rosary . The base picture shows Mary as an intercessor. Behind this altar a door leads to the tower ground floor.
The altar in the southeastern Holy Cross Chapel depicts the crucifixion in the altar sheet. The two side figures, Saints Peter of Verona and Francis of Assisi, show the influence of the sculptor Michael Hönel . In front of the altar is the crypt cover plate of the Basseyo von Praunsberg family (1648). A 17th century painting depicting Johannes Nepomuk hangs on the wall.
The altar in the middle of the southern chapels, the Georgskapelle, is marked 1665. The altarpiece depicts the battle of St. George with the dragon. On the side are the statues of St. Kolomann and Martin , which were probably created by Anton Niederl.
In the southwestern Michael’s Chapel there is an aedical altar from 1668. The central painting shows the fall of the angel , flanked by the statues of the Archangel Raphael and a guardian angel . Pictures of Saints Gregory, Joseph and Mary hang on the walls.
pulpit
The pulpit was created by Georg Hittinger in 1772 and taken by Johann Peter Marx. The seated figures on the parapet of the pulpit basket represent the Christian virtues of faith, love and hope. In the basket fields between them, relief cartouches depict the sermon of John and the sower . The back wall of the pulpit forms a rocaille cartouche with the relief of the Good Shepherd , flanked by hermen- like angel pilasters. The double volutes of the sound cover carry a group of sculptures with the ascension of the prophet Elijah .
Funerary monuments
- On the north wall of the choir is a marble epitaph with figurative decoration from 1715 for Bishop Johann von Goëss , who was buried in Rome and attributed to Angelo de Putti from Padua .
- Next to it is a double tombstone made around 1465 by a Salzburg artist, probably Eybenstock, made of Adnet marble of the bishops Ulrich von Sonnenberg († 1469) and Johann von Schallerman († 1453).
- Next to it is the coat of arms grave plate of Bishop Johann von Schönburg († 1555) made in 1554 - that is, during his lifetime .
- On the southern choir wall is the coat of arms tombstone of Bishop Urban Sagstetter († 1573). This tombstone was also made during his lifetime.
- Next to it is the gravestone of Cardinal Franz Salm-Reifferscheidt .
photos
- In the choir hangs a painting marked 1573, which depicts Jesus teaching, in the background the city of Strasbourg can probably be seen.
- The votive picture of Bishop Urban Sagstetter, marked 1573, depicts the sending of the disciples by Jesus against the background of the castle and the city of Strasbourg and the Gurk Cathedral. The painting with a Protestant theme is a memorial for the denominational and ecclesiastical situation under Maximilian II.
Sculptures
- A crucifix from the beginning of the 16th century hangs over the triumphal arch.
- On the south wall of the triumphal arch there is a large statue of Our Lady of Sorrows from the first half of the 18th century.
organ
Scenes from the legend of St. Nicholas can be seen on the parapet of the swinging, marbled organ gallery. The organ was created in 1743 by Johann Cyriacus Werner from Graz. The double-tower case was made by JF Fromiller in 1748. The baroque statues of St. Cecilia and King David can be seen on it. In 1969 it had to be completely restored by the organ builder Reinisch- Pirchner due to woodworm infestation .
Other facility
- The silver rococo lamp in the choir was made around 1760.
- The chandelier of the parish church is a gift from the Austrian imperial family. He has a magnificent Turkish ornament with the Austrian coat of arms.
Maria Misery Chapel
In 1721, the chapel was converted into a burial chapel for Prince-Bishop Jakob Maximilian von Thun († 1741). The hollow vault with stitch caps has rich ribbon tendrils from around 1730 and a painted bishop's coat of arms in a stucco-framed oval. At the small, baroque altar from the 17th century stands a late Gothic pietà made of sandstone from around 1425 , flanked by the statues of Mary and John. The gravestone with a stucco canopy for Jakob Maximilian von Thun is set in the wall. In a Maria Misery Church , the flight to Egypt from the child murderer Herod is commemorated; this incident is part of the second of Mary's Seven Sorrows
literature
- Dehio manual. The art monuments of Austria. Carinthia . Anton Schroll, Vienna 2001, ISBN 3-7031-0712-X , pp. 926-929.
- Gottfried Biedermann and Karin Leitner: Gothic in Carinthia - With photos by Wim van der Kallen. Carinthia Verlag, Klagenfurt 2001, ISBN 3-85378-521-2 , p. 102.
- Barbara Kienzl, Wilhelm Deuer: Renaissance in Carinthia - With a contribution by Eckart Vancsa. Carinthia Verlag, Klagenfurt 1996, ISBN 3-85378-438-0 , p. 116f.
- Barbara Neubauer -Kienzl, Wilhelm Deuter and Eduard Mahlknecht: Baroque in Carinthia - With a contribution by Eva Berger. Universitätsverlag Carinthia, Klagenfurt 2000, ISBN 3-85378-489-5 , pp. 41, 68, 113 and 175f.
- Barbara Kienzl: The baroque pulpits in Carinthia. Publishing house of the Carinthian State Archives,
Web links
- Church on the Hemmapilgerwege (PDF; 94 kB)
- Parish website
Remarks
- ↑ The day of patronage in the Catholic liturgical calendar is September 15th.
Coordinates: 46 ° 53 ′ 45 " N , 14 ° 19 ′ 54.7" E