St. Marien Premonstratensian Monastery on the Harlungerberg

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The Marienkirche on the Harlungerberg on the oldest city view of Brandenburg from 1582. From: Otto Tschirch, History of Chur and Capital Brandenburg 1928, vol. 1

The Premonstratensian Monastery of St. Marien on the Harlungerberg (also known as the Premonstratensian Canon Monastery "Our Dear Women" on the mountain , or Marienstift or Bergstift ) was a monastery of the Premonstratensian Order on the Harlungerberg (Marienberg) near the old town of Brandenburg . It was founded in 1435 by the Brandenburg Elector Friedrich I and dissolved in 1543.

The Marienkirche on the Harlungerberg was a place of pilgrimage of national importance in the high and late Middle Ages. In the 15th and beginning of the 16th centuries, the Marienstift was an important lender for noblemen in the vicinity and was also able to acquire an, albeit smaller, manorial free float in the Zauche and Havelland. In 1543 the Marienstift was secularized and initially pledged. It was later repurchased by the sovereign, and the manorial monastery property was divided into various sovereign offices. Nothing has survived above ground from the church and the monastery buildings, the area is now partly park, but also partly built on.

The Marienkirche on the Harlungerberg

The first St. Mary's Church on Harlungerberg was built between 1150/1160 on the site of a Slavic shrine in which the god Triglav was worshiped. The Triglav figure was kept in the church until 1526 and symbolized the victory of Christianity over the pagan deity. In 1165/66 Margrave Albrecht the Bear donated the Marienkirche to the cathedral chapter in Brandenburg. Before the foundation of the monastery, the church was looked after by a priest without a parish of his own, who was subordinate to and appointed by the cathedral chapter. As early as the 12th century, the Marienkirche developed into a place of pilgrimage through an allegedly miraculous image of the Virgin Mary, which gained national, even nationwide, importance. The donations of money from the pilgrims apparently flowed so abundantly that the cathedral chapter decided to build a magnificent new building before 1222. In order to get more financial leeway for the construction, Pope Honorius III approved . an indulgence over 20 days for pilgrims who visited the mountain church on the birth of the Virgin Mary (September 8th) and made a donation for the church building. The Marienkirche lost more and more of its attraction in the following 200 years. Other pilgrimage sites attracted more and more pilgrims, such as Wilsnack , the church in Neukammer near Nauen and Tremmen as well at the beginning of the 15th century . In 1362 this even led to a dispute between the Nauen magistrate and the cathedral chapter of Brandenburg. The cathedral chapter claimed part of the pilgrims' donations for itself. Although the cathedral chapter had patronage , mendicant orders were also allowed to preach and collect donations in the Marienkirche. Here, too, there were conflicts between the cathedral chapter and mendicant orders, which were regulated in 1380 with an order of worship. At the beginning of the 15th century, the Marienkirche had sunk to the level of a regional pilgrimage site. The foundation of the monastery on the Harlungerberg was therefore primarily to stop the further decline of the pilgrimage and to revive the devotion to Mary (and, of course, the increase in donations of money and sacrifices).

Founding history and tasks

On September 25, 1435, the Brandenburg Elector Friedrich I confirmed the monastery rules that the provost of the Brandenburg cathedral chapter Peter von Klitzing and the cathedral chapter had drawn up. Through canonical prayers of the hours and hymns of praise, the veneration of the Holy Mother of God in the Marienkirche on the Harlunger Berg should be ensured and the pilgrimages should be revived.

According to the statutes of the monastery, the main task of the canons was reading daily masses, praying the hours and praising Mary in the collegiate church of St. Mary on the mountain. On the other hand, their actual activities did not include sermons and pastoral care for lay people. However, since the canons also took on the duties of the pastor who worked here before the founding of the foundation, it can be assumed that they also read and preached the masses for the pilgrims and visitors at least on the holidays. A stone pulpit on the church forecourt is documented for 1545.

The initial equipment of the monastery, the patronage of the church in Rathenow and a vineyard in front of the old town of Brandenburg, were very poor. The income is therefore unlikely to have been sufficient for the first six canons, i.e. H. the monastery was dependent on donations from church visitors. Through further donations the monastery also got a modest property. Apparently, especially sacrificial money and donations from pilgrims flowed in abundance, because the Marienstift was a not insignificant lender for nobles and citizens of the surrounding area in the second half of the 15th century to the beginning of the 16th century.

In 1440 Margrave Friedrich II founded the aristocratic society Our Dear Women , also known as the Swan Order, and settled the society in the monastery on the Harlunger Berg. The Margrave's concern was not only to promote the veneration of Mary and the promotion of the monastery, but also to contain the feuds and the integration of the nobles who had come from Franconia to the Mark Brandenburg. The cultic center of the order of the swans was in a chapel that was specially attached to the Marienkirche. The members were obliged to make cash payments to the canons four times a year. This also improved the economic situation of the new pen. The canons also managed the monastic society's treasury. In 1443 the monastery received a significant upgrade with the equality to the cathedral chapter, the headmaster was no longer just dean, but was now called provost.

Position within the Premonstratensian Order

The Marienstift had received the same rights and freedoms as the Brandenburg Cathedral Foundation through the Brandenburg Elector. In 1442 the Abbot of Prémontré and the General Chapter of the Premonstratensian Order gave it the same status as the other Premonstratensian monasteries. The Marienstift belonged to the Saxon Circarie of the Premonstrate Order and joined the reform movement of strict observance within the Premonstrate Order. It was exempt from paying annual contributions, as these were already included in the contributions to the Cathedral Foundation. In 1443 the Marienstift also achieved equality with the cathedral monastery, which was expressed in the fact that the headmaster was now upgraded to provost, who was elected by the canons themselves. The right to confirm the election of the provost as well as the supervision and visitation rights remained with the cathedral chapter. In 1451 a dispute arose between the cathedral monastery and the Marienstift over the supervision and visitation rights, since the Marienstift belonged to the strict observance, while the cathedral monastery did not. The Elector and Bishop of Brandenburg decided together that the supervision and visitation rights remained with the cathedral monastery, but that the cathedral provost could only make the visitation in the company of two provosts of the strict observance of the Premonstratensian order. The monasteries and monasteries of the Saxon Circarie met every three years. The chapters were regularly visited by the monastery (at least from 1466 to 1493 verifiably). In 1490 the triennial chapter of the Saxon Circarie decided in a Union letter u. a. also a solidarity contribution to be made by all monasteries and foundations of the Saxon Circarie. It was found that the Marienstift had not sent anyone authorized to seal. This was apparently made up for by the next chapter meeting in 1493. However, the Marienstift refused to pay the solidarity contribution on the grounds that it had been exempted from paying contributions in 1442. The chapter decided that the Marienstift should submit the 1442 privilege letter and postponed the decision to the next chapter meeting in 1496. Apparently the Marienstift had not sent a representative to the 1496 assembly because the chapter decided that the Marienstift would not rely on the 1442 privilege because it had already ratified the Union letter of the Saxon Circarie. The Marienstift was obliged to pay the solidarity contribution under threat of excommunication. Unfortunately, the outcome of the dispute is not recorded. In any case, the relationship between the Saxon Circarie and the Marienstift seem to have broken off.

Structure of the Convention and offices

In 1435 there was a dean and five canons. The title of dean for the head of the monastery is taken as an indication of the legal dependence on the Brandenburg cathedral monastery. The first canons previously belonged to the Brandenburg Cathedral Chapter. It was not until 1443 that it became an independent Premonstratensian monastery. Now the offices of a provost and a prior have also been proven, honorary title senior (monastery elder). The monastery administration was carried out in 1504 by the mayor and a judge of the old town.

Convent building

The monastery was built in close proximity to St. Mary's Church, which was surrounded by several buildings even before the monastery was founded. Presumably these were only rebuilt and / or expanded. Nothing of the convent buildings has survived.

Ownership history

The basic equipment when it was founded only included a vineyard in front of the old town of Brandenburg and the parish church of St. Marien and Andreae in Rathenow. The pilgrimages to the Marienkirche should bring in the main income of the monastery. As a result, the pen was able to acquire some property. At the time of secularization, four villages were fully owned by the monastery. The vast majority, however, were manorial rents from individual Hufen, meadows, and mills. Apparently donations from pilgrims and donations brought in considerable funds, which the canons gave as loans to nobles and bourgeoisie in the vicinity in return for money and rents in kind. The income from the goods pledged to the canons accounted for a significant proportion of the income. Unfortunately, the history of ownership is often poorly documented, so that the acquisition or loss of individual possessions or pensions cannot be documented. Inexplicable are also contradicting information on the history of ownership in the monastery book and in the historical local dictionary.

Land rents and property

The individual properties of the Marienstift are dealt with here in alphabetical order.

  • Old town Brandenburg . The canon Ludwig Mützelitz, son of the Brandenburg citizen Heinrich Mützelitz, inherited a vineyard near the old town of Brandenburg from his mother. Although it came to a family dispute, which even the elector finally decided, the monastery seems to have actually preserved this vineyard. In 1543 the monastery had a total of five vineyards near Brandenburg whose acquisition history has not been clarified in detail. In 1443 the monastery received an annual cash rent of 100 guilders from the provost Peter von Klitzing in the old town of Brandenburg. The 100 guilders came from income that the cathedral monastery had acquired in the old town of Brandenburg.
  • Butzow . In 1440, the monastery received annual interest of nine bushels of rye and nine bushels of barley from the brothers Johann and Kuno von Brandenburg for a loan of eleven shock groschen. This annual interest also included a quarter of the jug income (in the amount of 2½ groschen), the can interest (13 groschen), the court, the tithe and the smokers. On August 5, 1499, the canons received the patronage of the St. Peter and Paul Church in Butzow. In 1518 they received the entire village for 692 guilders and 30 groschen from the then Markbrandenburg Elector Joachim I as pledge. In 1520 Joachim I sold the village to the cathedral chapter for 992 guilders and 30 groschen, thus redeeming the pledge. In 1530, Andreas Roch / Rauch took on a further capital of 100 guilders from the monastery, for which he used 1 wispel of rye and 18 bushels (half rye and half barley) from a single-hoofed farm in Butzow as security . This interest went to Anton von Warburg in 1549.
  • Doberitz . The village was sold to the monastery by Gelfert Toyse in 1472. The Brandenburg Elector Albrecht Achilles now awarded Döberitz to the monastery with all taxes, the lower and higher jurisdiction, the church patronage and a vineyard near the village.
  • Falcon deer . The village was predominantly owned by the nobility. In 1471 the monastery bought the church patronage and a farm with four hooves from the Premonstratensian monastery in Jerichow for 10 guilders and 100 shock groschen. At the request of the provost, Bishop Arnold von Brandenburg transferred part of the income from the church loan amounting to two wispel rye to the provost of the Marienstift. After the abbey was dissolved, the patronage passed to the sovereign and the four Hufen became the property of the nobility. In 1495, Benedictus Dierecke, who lived in Falkenrehde, took out a loan of 12 guilders from the canon Valentin Schüler. He provided his house and his Dreihufen farm as a pledge and paid an annual interest of 1 guilder. After the death of the canon, the interest should then fall to the pen or to the sick people cared for there.
  • Grays . The Gränert woodwork and the nearby Derentin desert as well as the Great Wusterwitzer See were given to the monastery in 1440 by Provost Peter von Klitzing, with the consent of the cathedral chapter and Bishop Stephan. The cathedral chapter had received these goods from the cathedral chapter in Magdeburg in 1387 as compensation for war damage, but on repurchase. In 1440 the cathedral chapter was able to finally acquire these goods for 1,500 thalers, which had been raised through donations. Today's Gränert residential area in the city of Brandenburg an der Havel was founded more recently.
  • Kunersdorf . Kunersdorf was avillage that was laid outin the course of the German settlement in the east around 1200 and had fallen into desolation again in the 15th century. The desert Feldmark Kunersdorf was acquired in 1447 by the monastery or its provost Johann Heyse from a previous owner named Otto Schere for 80 shock groschen. This property complex also included the fishing rights in the Seddiner See as well as a farm in Seddin with four hooves and the levy of nine Kunersdorfer hooves, which were managed by farmers in Wildenbruch and Michendorf . After the secularization of the monastery, the village or the field mark was initially in the possession of the v. Warburg; then it was transferred to the Saarmund Office for administration. Today the place is the living space of the Kunersdorf forestry in the municipality of Seddiner See.
  • Lehnmark . Probably it is only a field name, because the Landbuch from 1375 already describes this locality as est ibi ager, qui dicitur Lenmark (there is a field there, called the Lehnmark). But it is also conceivable that it is the last remnant of a village that fell into desolation early on, the real name of which is no longer known. The Lehnmark is localized by the historical local dictionary at the western end of the Seddiner See. In 1483, Balthasar von Schlieben offered the ten Hufen field mark as pledge for a loan from the monastery. Because of a hoof there was a comparison between Balthasar von Schlieben and the pen in 1492. Apparently Balthasar von Schlieben had pawned parts of the Lehnmark beforehand. In 1510, the Brandenburg citizen Antonius Richter sued the Kurmärkischer Kammergericht against the heirs of Balthasar von Schlieben, Veit von Schlieben and his cousins ​​and was actually awarded 4½ hooves. As a result, of course, the pledge value of the Lehnmark had decreased considerably and now Valentin Schüler, provost of the monastery, now sued the heir or heirs of Balthasar von Schlieben before the Supreme Court. The outcome of the process is unknown. Presumably the monastery got its money back, because later the Lehnmark is no longer listed among the monastery's possessions. The current living space Lehnmarke of the municipality Michendorf is not at the place of the medieval-early modern Lehnmark.
  • Lienewitz . They are originally two medieval villages; Hohenlienewitz was on the south bank of the Great Lienewitzsee , Niederlienewitz on the north bank. In 1444 Achim and Otto von Hake sold the desert, already forested field marks, the fisheries, meadows with all accessories as well as three lakes and the fishing rights to Peter von Klitzing, the provost of the cathedral chapter in Brandenburg. He donated the acquisitions to the monastery on the Harlungerberg. Hans and Tile von Seyeser (Ziegesar) from Neuendorf bei Brück appealed against this sale because they had been enfeoffed by Saxony with the field mark of Lienewitz. In a treaty from 1445 between the Elector of Saxony Friedrich II. And the Brandenburg Elector Friedrich II. Saxony renounced the feudal sovereignty. Hans and Tile von Ziegesar then ceded their claims to the monastery in 1445 in return for a payment of 100 shock Meißner groschen. The cathedral chapter also made this payment. Today's Lienewitz residential area in the Michendorf community was built as a tar stove at the beginning of the 18th century.
  • Markau . In Markau the monastery owned eight hooves, which brought in nine groschen per hoof annually. The time of acquisition is unknown, they may have been acquired in 1443.
  • Pessin . In 1461 Dietrich von Rochow gave the Marienstift an annual interest of 6 pounds pfennigs from the Urbede of Pessin for a loan of 100 guilders. In 1460, the Marienstift owned other pledged goods worth 200 guilders. In 1496 it ceded these pledged goods to the cathedral chapter.
  • Plaue . Apparently the von Waldenfels in Plaue owed the monastery, the why is not clear, but the von Waldenfels Vorwerk zu Plaue was forcibly pledged to the monastery by the electoral decision. It is possible that Adamswerder in the Havel also belonged to this, although it was not documented as a former monastery until 1549.
  • Splatter leg . Even before 1484, the monastery received fishing rights in a section of the Havel near Pritzerbe from the inheritance of the canon Nikolaus Regenbogen.
  • Rathenow . The parish church loan of St. Marien and Andreae in Rathenow was part of the basic equipment of the Marienstift. A vineyard near Rathenow came to the monastery from the inheritance of Nikolaus Regenbogen. However, there was a dispute with the Rathenow citizen Simon Bukow over this inheritance, the settlement of which cost the pen ten shock groschen.
  • Red linden . Andreas von Roch, a feudal man who pledged von Rochow in 1530, paid an annual interest of two wispel rye in red linden to the Marienstift.
  • Saaringen . On May 1, 1438, the dean of the monastery bought a meadow near Saaringen from the brothers Christian, Claus and Hans Buchholz for 70 pounds pfennigs. In 1543 this meadow threw an annual interest rate of 6 groschen.
  • Mud village . The medieval village of Schlammsdorf, located between Markau, Etzin and Wernitz, fell into desolation as early as the 14th century. In 1393 the church of the desert village was robbed and destroyed by robbers. The village and church were no longer built. The hooves were now tended by farmers in the surrounding villages. In 1443 the monastery received a hoof on the desert field mark from the cathedral chapter as a gift (together with the village of Wernitz). In 1456 the monastery bought two more Hufen and two Wöhrden from Andreas Schmidt, a citizen of the new town of Brandenburg . The desert Feldmark Schlammsdorf was later owned by von Bredow auf Bredow and Markau.
  • Seddin . When provost Johann Heyse bought the desert Feldmark Kunersdorf in 1447 Otto Schere for 80 shock groschen, this also included fishing in Lake Seddiner and a farm in Seddin with four hooves, probably the Schulzengut. Because of the borders of Kunersdorfer and Beelitzer Heide, there was a dispute with the city of Beelitz, which was settled in 1463. What happened to this property after secularization is not known. In any case, in 1570 the farm in Seddin is owned by the city of Beelitz.
  • Tieckow . When the monastery received the village of Tieckow cannot be documented. The village originally belonged to the Bishop of Brandenburg and had been pledged to the cathedral chapter on Castle Island since 1317. Seebacher and Gahlbeck link the acquisition of Tieckow with a fragmentary document from 1443, in which the transferred villages are no longer legible. According to the historical local dictionary, the village is said to have been “probably desolate” in 1518. In 1518 the church was rebuilt, and in 1543 the income of the monastery was 16 bushels of rye and oats and six chickens per hoof. This either suggests that the village was not deserted after all, or the field marrow was cultivated by farmers from a neighboring village. In 1580 only one shepherd and his servants are mentioned.
  • Wernitz . The Brandenburg cathedral provost Peter von Klitzing and the cathedral chapter bought a first, large share of Wernitz in 1443, namely 18 hooves from Sigmund von Knobloch (or Knoblauch) and five hooves from Otto Melese and Hans Britzke. This included the higher and lower jurisdiction, the services and taxes of the peasants and possibly also the church patronage, whose ownership is only proven in 1541. Apparently the inhabitants of the village were very poor, because the margrave released them from the mill compulsion, part of the wagon services (hay racks) and storage (?). A small part of the taxes (nine pieces of money) was still in the possession of Hermann and Dencke von Bardeleben in Satzkorn in 1455; the pen was able to acquire this share in said year. In 1549 it was pledged to Anton von Warburg; his income at that time was nine wispel roppen, nine wispel barley, eight bushels of oats and 20 chickens. Before 1555, Wernitz had passed into the possession of the von Bredow in Bredow and Markau.
  • Wildenbruch . In 1466 the monastery bought the patronage of the church in Wildenbruch from Dietrich von Rochow.
  • Wustermark . In 1483, Balthasar von Schlieben gave the monastery here three hooves and an annual interest of 4½ wispel grain (half of rye and half of barley) in return for a loan. The village was an accessory to Spandau Castle, but numerous noble families and institutions had income here. Presumably the pledge was redeemed because this title no longer appears in the income in 1543.
  • Zeestow . In 1440 Kuno von Rosenberg borrowed 80 shock groschen and gave the monastery an annual pension of two bison rye and three bison barley from a farm in Zeestow.

Money pensions

Just ten years after it was founded, the Marienstift acted as a lender to the prince-elector and to nobles in the area. In 1446, Elector Friedrich II transferred an annual interest of 10 wispel rye and 6 wispel malt from the mill lease in the new town of Brandenburg for an unknown sum of money. In 1548 the elector transferred 10 rye wisps and 7 malt wisps from the mill lease in Spandau for an undisclosed amount of money. And in 1459 the monastery received an annual interest rate of 34 shock groschen from the Urbede of Eberswalde for a loan of 1,600 guilders.

In 1504 the monastery received a large inheritance from Plauen citizen Nickel Tharandt in the amount of 1,150 Rhenish guilders in money rents from pledges of the von Waldenfels family in Plaue. However, the von Waldenfels refused to recognize the monastery’s claims. This led to a process lasting several years, which even culminated with the temporary excommunication of von Waldenfels. An arbitration tribunal appointed by Elector Joachim I decided in favor of the monastery. The only concession to von Waldenfels was a deferment of payment until 1516 and 1517. With this inheritance, the monastery received an annual interest of 18 guilders from the mill lease in the Neustadt Brandenburg, a grain interest from a farm in Bahnitz , income from Plaue and Income from fishing in the Havel and the waters around Plaue.

Also in 1504 the von Waldenfels in Plaue received loans from the Marienstift, for which they paid annual interest of 3 shock groschen and an annual interest on a wispel of grain from the mill lease in the new town of Brandenburg. In the same year, the von Waldenfels received another loan of 60 shock groschen, for which they ceded an annual interest of four Wispel grains from a farm in Bahnitz to the Marienstift .

The Neustadt Brandenburg had pledged goods worth 300 guilders to the monastery. In 1496 the Marienstift exchanged these pledged goods for the income from the sacrificial funds in the Marienkirche, which were received on the birth of the Virgin and Michaelmas. These traditionally belonged to the cathedral chapter. In 1543, however, an annual interest of 32 guilders was still paid to the monastery from the new and old town of Brandenburg.

The von Dierecke, the von Werder and the von Knoblauch paid an annual interest of 6 pennies for a loan of 36 shock groschen in 1460.

In 1543, an annual interest of three groschen appears in the income register from Klein Kreutz , probably from a pledge.

economy

The income of the monastery consisted of the sacrificial funds and donations of the pilgrims and church visitors and the monetary and non-cash rents as well as the contributions of the members of the Swan Order. The income from real estate is likely to have been significantly lower than the income from the money and pension economy. Very early on, the pen had generated (and received) enough cash to do credit transactions. The economic administration was in the hands of the provost, who was supported by two heads of the monastery. In 1504 the mayor and a judge of the old town of Brandenburg held this position. However, they may only have had an advisory role, but took on his duties when the provost was vacant and when the provost was absent. The monastery-owned vineyards on Harlungerberg were cultivated by a master wine maker. Interestingly, in 1530 the monastery was a founding member of the winegrowers' guild of the old town Brandenburg. A brewery, for which a brewery was employed, was presumably operated independently.

The canons also sold so-called pilgrim signs to the pilgrims , which in addition to donations were also a source of income. So far, however, no pilgrimage signs have been found that could be assigned to the pilgrimage site on the Harlunger Berg.

resolution

The church visitation took place in 1541 on behalf of the Markbrandenburg elector Joachim II. However, the canons did not accept the new Lutheran church order. This does not seem to have had any consequences at first, because the provost took part in the Brandenburg state parliaments in 1542 and 1543. In November 1543, the elector commissioned Anton von Warburg to take possession of the monastery, which took place that year with the forcible confiscation of the monastery buildings and the monastery property by Anton von Warburg. In 1544 the pen was pledged to Anton von Warburg for 5,000 thalers for five years. In the same year, the provost of the monastery sued the Reich Chamber of Commerce in Speyer for return.

In 1546 Anton von Warburg plundered the abbey library. In 1549 the monastery was pledged to Anton von Warburg again and for another 15 years. In 1549 the elector decided not to create a sovereign office from the monastery property, but to distribute the monastery property to existing offices. In 1550 the elector was finally able to redeem the pledge after lengthy negotiations. In 1551 he transferred the church and the monastery building to the cathedral chapter on Castle Island. After that, the buildings and the church began to decline due to vandalism and church robbers. A clergyman appointed by the cathedral monastery was, however, powerless against further theft and destruction. In 1552, for example, copper and lead fittings were stolen from the towers and cellars of the church. The church and the monastery building were withdrawn from the cathedral monastery in 1552. As early as 1564, building materials were taken from the monastery buildings for the buildings of the cathedral monastery. In 1568 the buildings were apparently secured again. After the death of the Brandenburg Elector Joachim II , the monastery building began to be used again as a quarry. As early as 1590, the Marienkirche stood there without a roof. In the period between 1610 and 1660 in particular, the ruins were used to extract building materials; 166 alone 6,000 bricks were removed. In 1722 the church ruins were demolished on the orders of King Friedrich Wilhelm I. Most of the material obtained was used to build the military orphanage in Potsdam, but also for the construction of some private houses. In 1805, the last remnants of rubble for the construction of the highway from Brandenburg to Plaue were transported away. A war memorial was erected on the Harlungerberg from 1874 to 1879. Between 1900 and 1908 the area was redesigned into a park with an excursion restaurant. The so-called Bismarckwarte was built on the southern slope. The war memorial was destroyed and demolished in 1945, the Bismarckwarte demolished in 1974 and replaced by a lookout tower. As early as 1960, when a water tank was built on the Harlungerberg, a large part of the foundations of the Marienkirche had been deeply removed. An archaeological investigation accompanying construction did not take place. Only the excavation was still examined. A fire horizon was found over a late Slavic cultural layer, which could be traced back to the destruction of the Triglav sanctuary. However, no traces of this sanctuary have been found. Due to the profound destruction in 1960, probably only a few remains of the foundation of St. Mary's Church remained in the ground. The appearance was documented by Alphonse de Vignoles between 1706 and 1712 before it was demolished.

supporting documents

literature

  • Buchinger, Marie-Luise & Marcus Cante: Monuments in Brandenburg, Potsdam-Mittelmark district. Volume 14.1 Nördliche Zauche, community Groß Kreutz, monastery Lehnin, Michendorf, Schwielowsee and city Werder (Havel) as well as Gollwitz and Wust (city Brandenburg an der Havel). 736 S., Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft, Worms, 2009 ISBN 978-3-88462-285-8
  • Lieselott Enders : Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg, part III, Havelland . 452 pp., Weimar 1972.
  • Peter R. Rohrlach: Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg part V Zauch-Belzig. 527 p., Hermann Böhlaus successor Weimar 1977
  • Gregor Seebacher, Christian Gahlbeck, Joachim Müller (archeology and architectural history): St. Marien Premonstratensian Monastery on the Harlunger Berg. In: Heinz-Dieter Heimann, Klaus Neitmann, Winfried Schich (eds.): Brandenburg monastery book. Handbook of the monasteries, pens and commander by the mid-16th century. 1. Volume, pp. 307-328, Berlin 2007 ISBN 978-3-937233-26-0

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Pilgrim sign database - place of pilgrimage: Harlungerberg

Remarks

  1. ↑ According to the Historical Ortlexikon, Part III Havelland, p. 73, however, half the village of Döberitz belonged to the von Brösigkes of Ketzür and Gortz from 1375 to 1824. The other half, however, belonged to the cathedral chapter and the monastery on Harlungerberg until 1472. Then this half should have come into the possession of a von Treskow.
  2. ↑ The Historical Ortlexikon, Part III Havelland, p. 340 does not list any property of the monastery here. The place is said to have been owned by von Bredow auf Bredow and Markau from 1434 to 1872.
  3. ↑ According to the historical local lexicon, part III Havelland, p. 414, seven hooves and a sheep farm were owned by the von. Bardeleben, which they sold to the monastery that year.

Coordinates: 52 ° 25 '  N , 12 ° 33'  E