Red linden
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Red linden
Lehnin monastery community
Coordinates: 52 ° 20 ′ 0 ″ N , 12 ° 36 ′ 9 ″ E
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| Height : | 65 m above sea level NHN |
| Postal code : | 14797 |
| Area code : | 033207 |
Rotscherlinde is part of the municipality of Krahne , a district of the municipality of Kloster Lehnin in the district of Potsdam-Mittelmark ( Brandenburg ). The medieval village fell into desolation in the 2nd half of the 14th century and a forework was laid out in the 16th century, from which today's small town developed.
Geographical location
The community part is approx. 3 km as the crow flies northeast of the center of Krahne and approx. 2.5 km southwest of Prützke in the historic Brandenburg landscape of Zauche . The B 102 runs through the village from Brandenburg an der Havel to Bad Belzig . At the southern exit of the village, the K6948 branches off to Krahne. At the northern exit of the village, an unpaved path branches off to the west in the direction of Reckahn.
history
The place was first mentioned in a document in 1351 ( Röcks ), 1375 the place Rockitz is written. When it was first mentioned in 1351, the place belonged to the v. Rochow's . The name is of Slavic origin. Reinhard E. Fischer derives it in the Brandenburg name book from a Polish basic form * Rokytica or * Rokytec , originally Slavic * orkyta = willow. * Rokyt-c became Rokits and after the failure of the i Rokt. Probably then the change from Roktser to Rotsker took place in alignment with the neighboring towns ( Malerke , Prützke ). The current shape may have arisen from the fact that the medieval village's linden tree remained when the desert field marrow was repopulated. The original form of settlement can no longer be determined. At Wendepfuhl, which is now silted up, a depression south-east of today's town center in the forest, remains of the foundations of the old stone church had been preserved.
In 1351 Hans IV. Rochow and his cousins Heinrich IV and Wichard IV from Margrave Ludwig the Roman with the town of Golzow and accessories as well as the villages of Pernitz , Krahne, Reckahn , Göttin , Röcks , Grebs , Groß Kreutz , Plessow , Glindow and Göhlsdorf .
"Bona Wichardi et Wi. de Rochow ... Rokitz sunt 32 mansi, quorum plebanus habet 2. Ad pactum quilibet 10 modios avene non plus. Nycolaus et Jo. Plesow, cives in Brand (Enburg), have super 6 mansos pactum et censum. Item Nycolaus Prutzik, civis in Brand (enburg), super 2 mansos from R (ochow). "
According to Charles IV's land register of 1375, the village had 32 hooves , of which the pastor had two free hooves. Each hoof had an annual yield of ten bushels of oats, nothing more ( non plus ). However, Nikolaus and Johannes Plessow, citizens of Brandenburg, now had the right to collect the dues from six Hufen. Strangely enough, rent and interest are mentioned in these taxes . Nikolaus Prutzik (Prützke) had the rights over two hooves. The village belonged to Wichard and Wichard v. Rochow, d. That is, they had the upper and lower courts as well as the tension services of the peasants. Presumably the village was already in the process of dissolution, since no mayor and no other taxes are mentioned. In 1378 the church was already described as desolate. In 1470 Rotscherlinde appears as a desert field mark. In the 16th century, a Vorwerk was built on the field marrow of the desert village, but probably not exactly on the site of the old village, the center of which is located by the remains of the old field stone church at Wendepfuhl, but a little northwest of it.
As early as 1513, parts of the Feldmark were apparently cultivated again. Andreas Rauch / Roch, judge in the Neustadt , sets levies of 2 wispels of rye from the farms of Andreas Polte and v. Schrapsdorf as a pledge for a loan of 100 guilders, which he had received from the Premonstratensian Monastery of St. Marien on the Harlunger Berg . He received the approval of his liege lord Hans von Rochow. In 1530 he took up another capital of 100 guilders from the Marienstift, for which he used 1 wispel of rye and 18 bushels (half rye and half barley) in the village of Butzow as security . The brothers Dietrich II., Jakob I., Joachim I., Hans X. and Christoph I. confirm to him that he has the 2 Wispel rye, which he used as security for the 100 florins borrowed from them in 1513, as a fief.
In 1522 Dietrich II. (1513–1551) u. a. has been enfeoffed with red linden. However, it is not known whether he already built the Vorwerk; but it exists until 1573. In that year Dietrich III. v. Rochow the Rotscherlinde Vorwerk to Arndt v. Tresckow for 600 thalers. In 1619 the v. Bredow owned the Vorwerk. In 1622 they received permission to build a windmill. The Vorwerk ran a larger sheep farm; In 1624 the lease shepherd and "the servants" were named. Last owner of the v. Bredows was the Provost Hans Heinrich v. Bredow. From 1642 to 1643 the Vorwerk was briefly owned by Moritz, a citizen of Neustadt Brandenburg. 1643 to 1646 it came back to Georg Wilhelm v. Rochow and was owned by an angel in Reinickendorf from 1646 to 1649, after which it belonged to Rittmeister Erich Holm until 1652. In 1652 it was bought by Daniel Heinrich I. v. Rochow for his wife Ursula Tugendreich von Buch as personal items for 3200 thalers. In 1655 it was bought again for 40 years to Georg Wilhelm v. Rochow sold. In 1690 it was a sheep farm. In 1694 Hans Heinrich II. Rochow Rotscherlinde for 5050 thalers from his cousin Georg Wilhelm v. Rochow back. He was followed by his son Friedrich Wilhelm III. von Rochow (1690–1764), lord of the manor from 1713 to 1760. In 1723, red linden had a size of 23 hooves, 27 acres and 141 square rods . In 1745 it was referred to as the Vorwerk with a windmill. 1760 inherited Friedrich Eberhard von Rochow (1734-1805), the son of Friedrich Wilhelm III. von Rochow the estate. In 1772 a farmer, a Kossät and a miller lived in Rotscherlinde. 1801 the ownership of 28 hooves is given, on which three residents lived. There was also a jug and a windmill. There were a total of eight fireplaces (= households).
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 1772 | 48 |
| 1801 | 48 |
| 1817 | 38 |
| 1837 | 52 |
| 1858 | 43 |
| 1871 | 45 |
| 1885 | 39 |
| 1895 | 27 |
| 1905 | 25th |
| 1925 | 20th |
When Friedrich Eberhard died in 1805, he inherited the property of five parties in equal parts. Reunited by 1827, the property was now divided between (Hans) Karl Dietrich von Rochow (1791–1857) and Gustav Adolf von Rochow (1792–1847). The goods Krahne and Rotscherlinde came to Karl Dietrich v. Rochow. In 1837 Rotscherlinde was now called a manor. In 1848 mill master Puhlmann submitted a petition to the Prussian National Assembly to "reduce an extremely large mill lease". Karl Dietrich von Rochow was followed in 1852 by his son Hans Wilhelm von Rochow III. (1824-1891). In 1858 the place consisted of the manor district with two residential buildings and four farm buildings and the community district with three residential buildings and eight farm buildings. From 1859 to 1862, the route from Golzow to Brandenburg an der Havel, which led through Rotscherlinde to the Chaussee, was expanded to become today's federal road 102. The place with the inn developed into a popular excursion destination. In 1895 there were only four houses left in Rotscherlinde. In 1918 the property burned down due to a lightning strike and was rebuilt. The estate remained in the possession of the v. Family until 1945. Rochow. It was expropriated and distributed in the 1946 land reform.
Political Affiliation
In 1375 the place belonged to the "terra Czucha", to the historical landscape of the Zauche , from which the Zauchische Kreis developed in the course of the 17th century . 1816/7 emerged from it, along with the former Saxon Office Belzig the county Zauch-Belzig , who until 1952 inventory. After the Zauch-Belzig district was broken up in the district reform of 1952, the place became part of the Brandenburg-Land district . In 1993, this district was merged with the Potsdam-Land district, with minor loss of territory, to form the Potsdam-Mittelmark district.
The medieval town belonged to the v. Family in 1375. Rochow auf Golzow, who had built up a small lordship of 21 villages in the Zauche and which was a margravial fief. Between 1414 and 1416, Margrave Friedrich I had briefly withdrawn the fiefs because the Rochows had joined the opposition against him. However, red linden was already considered an allodium in the 16th century . This was also expressly recognized in 1781. In addition to the estate, the place was legally an independent place from 1807. With the district order of 1872, the Vorwerk became part of the Krahne manor district, the colony became the Krahne district. In 1928 the manor district and the municipality district were combined to form the municipality of Krahne. In 1931 and 1957 it was considered to be Krahne's residence. With Krahne it came to the Lehnin office in 1992 (1992–2002) and in 2002 to the Lehnin convent community. Since the main statute was passed, it has been "officially" an inhabited part of the municipality of Krahne.
Church history
The medieval Rokitz was originally the mother church as can be deduced from the parish hooves. It became Prützke's daughter church early on. In 1541 the pastor of Prützke had "from old" the tithe of two hooves on the Retziger Feldmark. Dietrich II von Rochow had withheld these taxes for "several 12 years".
economy
A company in the building materials industry has set up shop east of the town. Gravel, sand and clay are extracted in opencast mining. Recyclable building materials are accepted that are processed and reused.
Archaeological finds
A stone pack of large boulders found southeast of the village was interpreted as the remains of a large stone grave. A boulder later served as a boundary stone between the Prützke and Krahne districts. Ceramic and skeletal remains come from the old medieval village. The Slavic name of the village could also indicate a Slavic predecessor settlement. So far, however, no finds have been made that could prove or localize the existence of a Slavic village.
building
The current development dates from around 1900. The former pitcher on the east side of the thoroughfare was replaced in 1893 by a new building. The post mill, which was built in just three days in 1729, has also completely disappeared. This mill location is marked on the Urmes table sheet from 1842 on a small hill southeast of the town center (west at the height of the Wendenpfuhl) on the way to Oberjünne . Today this connecting path is an unpaved forest path, the location is a fallow plot in the forest. It replaced a predecessor that burned down in 1728, but was located at a different location, north of the Reckahner Weg. After 1945, two new farms were built on both sides of the way to Reckahn.
supporting documents
literature
- Reinhard E. Fischer : Brandenburg name book. Part 1: Zauche. Böhlau, Weimar 1967, pp. 107-108.
- Peter R. Rohrlach: Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg part V Zauch-Belzig. Böhlau, Weimar 1977, pp. 370-371.
- Marie-Luise Buchinger and Marcus Cante: Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany Monuments in Brandenburg District Potsdam Mittelmark Bd.14.1 Nördliche Zauche. Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft, Worms 2009, ISBN 978-3-88462-285-8 , pp. 501-502.
- Johannes Schultze : The land book of the Mark Brandenburg from 1375. Brandenburg land books volume 2. Commission publishing house by Gsellius, Berlin 1940, p. 219, 222.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Wolfgang Schössler: Regest of the documents and records in the cathedral monastery archive Brandenburg. Part 2: 1488 - 1519/1545. Publications of the Brandenburg State Main Archives; 54. XV, 685 S., Berlin, BWV, 2009 ISBN 978-3-8305-0943-1 [1]
- ^ Adolph Friedrich August von Rochow: News on the history of the lineage of those von Rochow and their possessions . Korn, Berlin 1861 ( diglib.hab.de )
- ^ According to the historical local dictionary for Brandenburg, part V Zauch-Belzig. 527 p., Hermann Böhlaus successor Weimar 1977
- ^ Negotiations of the constituent assembly for Prussia, Volume 1. 1-19. Meeting. Berlin, Buchdruckerei Carl Schultze, 1848 (Appendix p. 48) Online at Google Books
- ↑ Ortschafts = directory of the government = district of Potsdam according to the latest district division from 1817, with a note of the district to which the place previously belonged, the quality, number of people, confession, ecclesiastical circumstances, owner and address, along with an alphabetical register. Berlin, Georg Decker Online at Google Books .
- ^ Official Journal of the Royal Government of Potsdam and the City of Berlin, year 1865: p. 34 Online at Google Books
annotation
- ↑ The first name Wichard is part of the extensive family v. Rochow is a common first name. Therefore it is not entirely clear which two Wichards are involved, according to the family chronicle of Adolph Friedrich v. Rochow it was the cousins of Hans IV., So Wichard IV. And Wichard V. (cf. the family list of von Rochow ).
- ↑ The reference to Rotscherlinde is not entirely clear in these documents. The place is referred to in the second document as Ryetz , in the first document the name is illegible and based on the second document. A reference to the nearby Rietz (today part of the municipality of Lehnin monastery) is unlikely, since the v. Rochow had no property in this village and does not fit into the context of Rietz's property history. Also in the village of Rietz near Treuenbrietzen there is no property of the v. Rochow known.
