Gross Kreutz

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Gross Kreutz
Municipality Groß Kreutz (Havel)
Coat of arms of the district of Groß Kreutz
Coordinates: 52 ° 24 ′ 13 ″  N , 12 ° 46 ′ 36 ″  E
Height : 42 m above sea level NHN
Area : 15.34 km²
Residents : 1712  (December 31, 2017)
Population density : 112 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : October 26, 2003
Postal code : 14550
Area code : 033207
Groß Kreutz village church
Groß Kreutz village church

Groß Kreutz is a district of the large community Groß Kreutz (Havel) in the Potsdam-Mittelmark district in Brandenburg . Until October 26, 2003, Groß Kreutz was an independent municipality administered by the Groß Kreutz office.

location

Groß Kreutz is located in the north of the Zauche at the transition to the Havelland , about 16 kilometers as the crow flies east of the city of Brandenburg an der Havel and 20 kilometers as the crow flies west of the state capital Potsdam . Surrounding villages are Deetz in the north, Krielow in the northeast, the Derwitz district belonging to the city of Werder (Havel) in the east, Bochow and Neu Bochow in the south, Schenkenberg in the southwest, Jeserig in the west and Götz in the northwest.

Groß Kreutz is located on federal highway 1 from Brandenburg an der Havel to Berlin . The Bundesautobahn 10 , junction Groß Kreutz , is about four kilometers, the Bundesautobahn 2 , junction Lehnin , about seven kilometers away. In addition, the state road 86 runs from Lehnin to Ketzin through the village. The Berlin – Magdeburg railway runs north of Groß Kreutz , where the place has a stop. The Groß Kreutz expansion part of the municipality belongs to Groß Kreutz .

history

Historically, Groß Kreutz is a typical street village . The place was settled as early as the Neolithic Age, and Slavs settled in the region in the 6th and 7th centuries . Groß Kreutz was first mentioned as a church village in 1300 under the name maior crucewiz , the addition maior or large serves to differentiate it from the nearby Klein Kreutz and the deserted Wendisch Kreutz . The place name is derived from the Sorbian word "Kruschwiza", which roughly means " pear tree ". In the Landbuch der Mark Brandenburg from 1375 42 hooves are recorded for Groß Kreutz , including three parish hooves and two clay school hooves . There was also a village mug . The residents of Groß Kreutz had to pay taxes to eight citizens, mostly from Brandenburg an der Havel. At that time, the village was probably owned by the von Rochow family .

Groß Kreutz manor house

In 1604 the Groß Kreutz estate was bought by the imperial field marshal Wulf Dietrich von Hake . The manor house was built in rococo style in 1765 for the then owner Carl Gottfried von Hacke . The manor house was probably designed by the architect Friedrich Wilhelm Dieterichs and is based on the Sanssouci Palace , which Dieterichs was involved in building. In 1801 the estate passed into the possession of the von Arnstedt family . Between 1799 and 1805, Groß Kreutz received a paved road. As a result of this and the opening of the Berlin – Magdeburg railway line in 1845, the number of inhabitants in Groß Kreutz rose sharply and craft businesses and other trades settled in the town. According to the topographical-statistical overview of the Potsdam administrative district from 1841, Groß Kreutz had 43 residential buildings with 381 inhabitants that year. In 1875 the Groß Kreutz estate fell to the von der Marwitz family , who were expropriated in 1945 as a result of the land reform in the Soviet occupation zone . In 1994, two grandchildren of the last landowner, Bodo von der Marwitz-Friedersdorf, bought back the manor house, the farm, the associated park and around 70 hectares of meadow land from the Treuhandanstalt .

Groß Kreutz used to belong to the Kingdom of Prussia . From April 1, 1817, the place was in the district of Zauch-Belzig of the administrative district of Potsdam in the province of Brandenburg . After the Second World War, Groß Kreutz became part of the Soviet occupation zone and later the GDR . During the regional reform carried out in the GDR in July 1952, the municipality of Freienthal was assigned to the Potsdam-Land district in the Potsdam district . After the fall of the Berlin Wall , the Potsdam-Land district was renamed and finally dissolved. During the district reform in December 1993 , the Groß Kreutz community was assigned to the new Potsdam-Mittelmark district , where it was co-administered by the Groß Kreutz office . On October 26, 2003, following an official decision, the community of Groß Kreutz was merged with the communities of Bochow, Dietz, Krielow and Schmergow as well as the communities of Götz, Jeserig and Schenkenberg from the Emster-Havel district to form the new community of Groß Kreutz / Emster , the offices of Groß Kreutz and Emster-Havel were dissolved. On July 1, 2004 the community was renamed Groß Kreutz (Havel) .

Monuments

For the place Groß Kreutz, seven monuments are shown in the list of monuments of the state of Brandenburg . These are among others:

New train station
  • Old station with goods shed and toilet block and new station with goods shed: The old station building was built around 1846 in the course of the opening of the new section of the Berlin – Magdeburg railway line . It was west of Bahnhofstrasse. The old station building is a two-storey, four-axis brick building with a gable roof . Today it serves as a residential building. To the east of the reception building is the single-storey goods shed . The toilet house is dated to 1851 and was also built as a brick building. The station was enlarged in 1871, 1886 and 1910. The new station building to the east of Bahnhofsstraße was built in 1871 as a single-storey brick building and in 1910 it was extended and covered with a hipped roof . The residential and farm buildings adjacent to the station were built in 1886 and 1910.
  • The village church Groß Kreutz was built in the 13th century as a stone church with a retracted choir and western tower. On the east wall, the building used to have a Gothic three-window group. Between 1717 and 1723 the building was enlarged and the choir was adapted to the width of the nave . In 1775 the current tower top was supplemented with corner pilasters and a tail hood , and in 1849 the nave was extended. An extensive renovation of the church took place between 1988 and 1997. Inside the church has a pulpit altar from 1722. The organ was built in 1800.
Former manor house
  • The former farm workers' houses with attached sheep farm on Bochower Straße were built around 1840. The buildings were previously managed by three families. The building shown in the picture is now the village community center.

Personalities

Population development

Population development in Groß Kreutz from 1875 to 2002
year Residents year Residents year Residents
1875 660 1939 1,184 1981 1,580
1890 914 1946 1,690 1985 1,663
1910 958 1950 1,700 1989 1,747
1925 958 1964 1,544 1995 1,725
1933 1,033 1971 1,490 2002 1,717

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Gross Kreutz. Groß Kreutz (Havel) community, accessed on July 20, 2018 .
  2. ↑ Reinhard E. Fischer : The place names of the states of Brandenburg and Berlin: age - origin - meaning . be.bra Wissenschaft, 2005, p. 96 .
  3. ↑ Prof. Dr. Hans Kania: The manor house of Groß-Kreutz , Märkischer Heimatkalender for the Zauche from 1928, p. 34-38
  4. ↑ Topographical and statistical overview of the administrative district of Potsdam and the city of Berlin . Verlag der Gander'schen Buchhandlung, Berlin 1841, p. 85 ( zlb.de ).
  5. ↑ Groß Kreutz in the historical index of places. Retrieved July 20, 2018 .
  6. ↑ Brandenburg State Monument List: District Potsdam-Mittelmark (PDF) Brandenburg State Office for Monument Preservation and State Archaeological Museum, accessed on July 20, 2018
  7. ↑ Entry in the monument database of the State of Brandenburg , accessed on July 20, 2018.
  8. ^ Gerhard Vinken, Barbara Rimpel et al. (Arrangement): Dehio-Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler, Brandenburg. 2nd edition, Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-422-03123-4 , page 425.
  9. ↑ Entry in the monument database of the State of Brandenburg , accessed on July 20, 2018.
  10. ^ Historical municipality register of the state of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005. (PDF; 381 KB) Potsdam-Mittelmark district. State Office for Data Processing and Statistics State of Brandenburg, December 2006, accessed on July 20, 2018 .