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City of Havelsee
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| Height : | 28 m above sea level NHN |
| Area : | 39.4 km² |
| Residents : | 1265 (Dec. 31, 2006) |
| Population density : | 32 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | February 1, 2002 |
| Postal code : | 14798 |
| Area code : | 033834 |
 City view of Pritzerbes from the direction of Kützkow
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Pritzerbe [ pʁɪˈtsɛʁbə ] is a district of the city of Havelsee in the Potsdam-Mittelmark district in the state of Brandenburg and is part of the Beetzsee office . In 2002, Pritzerbe joined forces with the communities of Fohrde , Briest and Hohenferchesar to form the town of Havelsee, which the village of Marzahne joined in 2008 . Pritzerbe lies between the northern bank of the Pritzerber See and the Havel . The federal road 102 and the state road 98 lead through the place.
history
prehistory
The Pritzerbes area was already inhabited by people in prehistoric times. On the basis of archaeological finds, settlements in the area have been proven since the Middle Stone Age at the latest . In the area of the Pritzerber See, numerous artefacts made of bones and antlers that could be dated to the Upper Paleolithic or Mesolithic times were excavated . For example, points, bony fish hooks and a buzzing device were found. There are also individual finds from the Pritzerber area from the younger Stone Age .
A burial mound to the northeast of the city dates from the Bronze Age . Iron Age grave fields were found in the vicinity of the Pritzerber See. A large part of the prehistoric finds around Pritzerbe are exhibited in the Jerichower Land district museum in Genthin .
In his work Germania , Tacitus describes the area east of the Elbe up to the Oder as a settlement area of the Suebian tribe of the Semnones . Apart from a few remaining groups, the Semnones left their old settlement area on the Havel in the direction of the Rhine before or at the latest during the time of the migration of peoples from the 3rd or 4th century . From the 5th or 6th century, Germanic settlement activity largely came to a standstill. There are only a few archaeological finds left. At the beginning of the 8th century, Slavs immigrated to the area largely devoid of settlements after the Germans had emigrated . Remnants of the Germanic population went into the Slavic majority population.
middle Ages
After the previously Slavic Brandenburg castle had been conquered by Heinrich I twenty years earlier , King Otto I established the Brandenburg diocese in 948 . In this context, the former town of Pritzerbe was first mentioned as civitas Prizervi . The future emperor transferred the places Pritzerbe and Ziesar together with the surrounding lands to the diocese or principality of the bishop , the bishopric of Brandenburg, which he had newly founded . The name Pritzerbe is believed to be of Slavic origin. It contains the Polish word cerv , which means something like maggot or worm. Furthermore, it should mean red color, red substance. Since there was an uprising of the Slavs in 983 , in which Brandenburg and its surrounding areas fell back into the hands of pagan Slavs, the bishops lived formally in continuous occupation in exile in Magdeburg as titular bishops , but had no rule over their areas east of the Havel. This condition existed for almost 200 years until 1157 Albrecht the Bear was able to recapture Brandenburg.
So it was not until 1161 that Pritzerbe was mentioned again. According to a document from 1161, it formed the center of a castle district. The Bishop of Brandenburg had the Pritzerbe Castle built or expanded in place of a former Slavic fortification to protect traffic on the Havel and the country road running on the east bank in the corner between the river and Pritzerber See. It was also the seat of the administration of the surrounding estates by a Vogt . Probably in the year 1207 or 1208 there was a first church building in Pritzerbe, a Marienkirche, which was destroyed in later fires. A knight and later canon Daniel von Mukede , who was repeatedly mentioned in documents during this period, transferred four Hufen land and a meadow in Pritzerbe to the hospital of the Brandenburg Cathedral . From 1216 to 1275 the town and castle were repeatedly bishop's residence. After the bishop's castle was expanded in Ziesar in the 14th century , Pritzerbe lost the function of a royal seat again.
The first recorded flood occurred in 1336 after an Elbe dyke broke near Jerichow . In 1341 a ferry connection to Fohrde across the Pritzerber See was described for the first time, but according to the records it had existed "since ancient times". It was a good source of income for the bishop. The ferry connection over the Havel between Kützkow and Pritzerbe, first mentioned in 1385 and still in existence, was less important. Fishing remained an important source of nutrition. In 1394 there were ten fishermen in Pritzerbe who had leased the fishing rights for the Havel and the lake. Since 1424 at the latest, the city has also been a market town. The castle was abandoned in the late Middle Ages.
Modern times
Under the Brandenburg Elector Joachim II and his son Johann Georg , the ownership structure around the Pritzerbe changed fundamentally. In 1539 Joachim II introduced the Reformation in the Electorate of Brandenburg and in the Brandenburg Monastery . His son Johann Georg was elected or appointed bishop of the diocese and thus prince of the bishopric in 1560. In 1571 the previously partially sovereign bishopric of Brandenburg fell to the electorate or was absorbed into it. As a result, the previously ecclesiastical property in and around Pritzerbe was added to the sovereign, the Brandenburg elector. The last bishops' meeting in Pritzerbe took place in 1548. In 1598 a fire destroyed large parts of the city. Another fire in 1689 destroyed the entire city, including the church. In 1711 the Excise , a tax on food, luxury goods and consumer goods was introduced in Pritzerbe . In order to be able to move these in, the moat with bridges was built around the city and a picket fence with five city gates was built. Taxation took place at the city gates. In 1773 there was another fire in the city, which once again completely destroyed the church. It was rebuilt by 1783. In 1776, the ship's guild of the town of Pritzerbe was founded as a ship's and fishing guild.
In 1815 Pritzerbe was incorporated into the new Prussian province of Brandenburg . The provincial border was the Havel. The western bank of the river already belonged to the province of Saxony . A year later, the Westhavelland district was founded, to which the city belonged until it was dissolved in 1952. In 1844 there were two Jewish families living in the town of Pritzerbe who belonged to the Jewish community of Brandenburg. In the 1850s, Pritzerbe became a district town in Westhavelland for a short time and in 1853/54 it got a new municipal primary school building. In 1899 the Pritzerber Schifferfachschule was founded. In 1904 the railway reached the place and Pritzerbe was connected to the German rail network in addition to Fohrde with the private Brandenburgische Städtebahn , which ran from Treuenbrietzen via Belzig , Brandenburg, Rathenow to Neustadt (Dosse) . In 1929 the shipbuilding era ended in Pritzerbe. The last ship built left the Paelegrim shipyard. While the city had 1,497 residents in 1933, that number rose to 1,620 by 1939. Pritzerbe suffered the greatest destruction in World War II shortly before the end of the war, when German troops destroyed the crossings over river and lake, i.e. the Havel ferry and the two bridges to Fohrde. As part of the land reform in the Soviet occupation zone in 1947, 197 hectares of land were redistributed in Pritzerbe and Kützkow. On July 1, 1950, Kützkow was incorporated into Pritzerbe. In 1952 an administrative reform took place in the GDR, which was founded in 1949 . The countries were dissolved and districts were founded instead. In this context, it was also necessary to restructure the existing circles. The Westhavelland district, to which Pritzerbe belonged, was dissolved and the city was incorporated into the new Brandenburg (Land) district in the Potsdam district. In 1953 it was collectivized in agricultural production cooperatives (LPG). With the political upheavals of 1989 and 1990 there were again changes. In 1990 the Potsdam district was dissolved and merged into the re-established state of Brandenburg. In the same year the GDR was reunified with the Federal Republic. In 1993 the new district of Potsdam-Mittelmark was founded, in which the district of Brandenburg was merged. In the run-up to the Brandenburg municipal area reform planned for 2003, Pritzerbe and the municipalities of Fohrde, Briest and Hohenferchesar voluntarily merged to form the city of Havelsee on February 1, 2002, and Pritzerbe gave up its independence. The official date for becoming a town was May 1st, 2002. Havelsee is a town because the town charter passed from Pritzerbe to the new foundation. On January 1, 2008, Marzahne was the youngest part of the Havelsee district.
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Attractions
Buildings
Sights are the historic town center of the more than 1,000 year old Brandenburg town with listed farmsteads and houses ( Dammstraße 18 , Dammstraße 20 , Havelstraße 8 and Mühlenstraße 4 ) and the St. Mary's Church "Our dear women" , which was rebuilt after a fire and consecrated in 1783 , in which there is an organ by Joachim Wagner from 1737. In 2006, an approximately two hundred year old half-timbered barn was restored on the parish farmstead at Markstrasse 6 , which is also a listed building. From the episcopal castle Pritzerbe only a castle stable , the later Mühlberg, is visible at the southern end between the Bundesstraße 1 and the Havelstraße.
Further sights in the village are listed in the list of architectural monuments in Havelsee .
Museums
The last pipe weaving mill in Germany works in Pritzerbe. It has been located in the town's former rifle house since 1945. In it, reeds harvested on special looms on the Havel and the surrounding lakes are woven into reed mats and other products. In October 2013, a museum was opened in the pipe weaving mill, which in an exhibition deals not only with craft but also with local history. The museum is open to the public on weekends when the workshop is off, and the workshop is open to visitors during the week.
The museum ship Ilse-Lucie is moored in the port of Pritzerbes , a large-scale barge built in 1927 . This barge, which was formerly built in the town, was bought and expanded in 2011 by the Pritzerber Schifffahrtsverein in 1776. The opening of the Pritzerber Maritime Museum on board the Ilse-Lucie , in which the history of the local shipbuilding and shipping company is shown, was on May 17, 2015.
Educational institutions
The only school in Pritzerbes is the "Johann Wolfgang von Goethe" elementary school in a listed brick building erected in 1853/54 on Kirchstrasse in the Pritzerbe district. There the students of the city of Havelsee are taught until the end of the sixth grade. The Pritzerber School, which has been named after Goethe since 1949 , was only an elementary school. From 1958 to 1992 she was a ten-year polytechnic high school .
Havel ferry
The Pritzerbe ferry , which is not free, runs between the Pritzerbe and the Kützkow part of the municipality . A ferry connection at this point has been in existence since 1385 at the latest, when it was first mentioned in a document. In the early centuries the Fährkähne were first over the Havel punted . Since the late 18th century, changes of ownership of the ferry were recorded in the town's land registers. In 1788, the ferryman Johann Friedrich Hartwig acquired the rights to the ferry connection from the Royal Chamber of War and Domains in Magdeburg. These rights came to the merchant August Wilhelm Friedrich Hartwig through inheritance in 1818 and to his widow Caroline Friederike, née Hintze, in 1834. She sold her rights in 1855 to the merchant Wilhelm Gottlieb Robert Hartwig. In 1883, the district president of Diesberg approved a chain or cable ferry. An annual recognition fee of five Reichsmarks was charged for operating the ferry on a ferry cable . On December 27, 1922, the ferry was sold to the manor owners Gustav von Schnehen from Kützkow and Botho von Knoblauch from Buschow and to the businessman Friedrich Stimming from Pritzerbe in equal shares. On July 3, 1925, the Pritzerbe-Kützkow e. V. Pritzerbe the ferry. On September 7, 1932, the town of Pritzerbe became the owner.
At the end of the Second World War, the ferry was blown up by German troops, so that a new ferry had to be procured after the war. The tenants were Wilhelm Schwarz, Fritz Dammasch and Walter Wernsdorf, who worked in three shifts. The new ferry was led on two ropes and pulled with so-called wooden clamps. Towards the end of the 1950s, a motorized ferry was used for the first time, which was powered by a single-cylinder diesel engine until 1990. In connection with an increase in the rent after the ferry was motorized, the leases were given up. The operator was initially the city of Pritzerbe and is now the city of Havelsee. Schwarz and Dammasch later gave up the ferry service, Walter Wernsdorf worked as a ferryman in the service of the city of Pritzerbe. In 1990 the ferry was replaced by a new building powered by a diesel engine. This motor acts via a coupling on sprockets on a long chain laid across the river. The ferry vehicle pulls itself on this chain over the Havel. A wire rope serves as a guide and safety device. Four ferrymen are currently employed by the municipality. In the summer months with the greatest number of passengers, up to 500 people and 100 vehicles are crossed every day.
Natural spaces
In the north is the Alder Quarry Forest of the Pritzerber Laake , an ice age meltwater channel and a wetland. The Pritzerber Laake is now a designated nature reserve, among other things. Another nature reserve is the Untere Havel Süd nature reserve . There are also two FFH areas and the SPA area or the European bird sanctuary of the Lower Havel valley. The entire area is part of the heritage injection Westhavelland Nature Park and mostly in the nature sanctuary Westhavelland.
literature
- Lieselott Enders : Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg. Havelland. With an overview map attached. Ed .: Friedrich Beck (= Historisches Ortslexikon für Brandenburg . Part III; Publications of the Potsdam State Archives . Volume 11). Hermann Böhlaus successor , Weimar 1972, Pritzerbe nw Brandenburg / Havel, pp. 303–305.
- Sebastian children, Haik Thomas Porada on behalf of the Leibniz Institute for Regional Geography and Saxon Academy of Sciences in Leipzig (ed.): Brandenburg an der Havel and surroundings. A geographical inventory in the area of Brandenburg an der Havel, Pritzerbe, Reckahn and Wusterwitz (= Landscapes in Germany. Values of the German homeland . Volume 69 ). Böhlau Verlag, Cologne 2006, ISBN 978-3-412-09103-3 , Pritzerbe and Kützkow, since 2002 on the city of Havelsee, Potsdam-Mittelmark district, p. 89-97 .
Web links
- Official website of the city of Havelsee
- Pritzerbe district
- Contribution to the RBB program Landschleicher on February 10, 2008
Individual evidence
- ↑ Community and district directory. In: geobasis-bb.de. Land surveying and geographic base information Brandenburg, accessed on June 17, 2017 .
- ↑ Brandenburg an der Havel and the surrounding area, Sebastian Lentz, Böhlau Verlag GmbH & Cie, Cologne, 2006, p. 90 ff
- ↑ Felix Biermann, Stefan Dalitz, Karl-Uwe Heussner: The fountain of painke, city of Brandenburg ad Havel, and the absolute chronology of the early Slavic settlement in north-east Germany. in: Praehistorische Zeitschrift. Volume 74 (1999), Issue 2, ISSN 0079-4848 pp. 219-244 passim .; Following them expressly Thomas Kersting: Slavs in Brandenburg: an archaeological snapshot. in: Joachim Müller, Klaus Neitmann, Franz Schopper (eds.): How the Mark came about. 850 years of the Mark Brandenburg. BLDAM, Wünsdorf 2009. ISBN 978-3-910011-56-4 , pp. 15–31, here p. 23.
- ↑ Brandenburg an der Havel and the surrounding area, Sebastian Lentz, Böhlau Verlag GmbH & Cie, Cologne, 2006, p. 90
- ↑ The castle at Pritzerbe. ( Memento of the original from October 12, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 16, 2013
- ↑ Brandenburg an der Havel and the surrounding area, Sebastian Lentz, Böhlau Verlag GmbH & Cie, Cologne, 2006, p. 91
- ^ Building history of St. Mary's "Our dear women". ( Memento of the original from October 16, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 16, 2013
- ↑ The Jews and the Jewish communities of Prussia in official Enquêten des Vormärz. Enquête of the Ministry of the Interior and the Police on the Legal Relationship of the Jews in the Prussian Provinces (1842–1843) - Enquête of the Ministry of Clergy, Education and Medical Matters on Religious, School and Legal Affairs, Manfred Jehle, Verlag KG Saur, Munich, 1998, p. 645
- ↑ A brief overview of the history of Pritzerbe. ( Memento of the original from October 12, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 16, 2013
- ^ The municipalities of the Westhavelland district. ( Memento of the original from October 15, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 16, 2013
- ↑ Brandenburg an der Havel and the surrounding area, Sebastian Lentz, Böhlau Verlag GmbH & Cie, Cologne, 2006, p. 96
- ↑ Area changes from 01.01. until December 31, 2002. Federal Statistical Office, accessed on September 2, 2014 .
- ↑ Area changes from 01.01. until December 31, 2008. Federal Statistical Office, accessed on September 2, 2014 .
- ↑ Category: Population projection Brandenburg. Wikimedia Foundation, accessed September 9, 2014 .
- ↑ The Pritzerbes Church. ( Memento of the original of July 10, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 16, 2013
- ↑ community life ; Parish stable project. ( Memento of the original from May 14, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 16, 2013
- ↑ The pipe weaving. ( Memento of the original from October 21, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 16, 2013.
- ↑ tube weaving Pritzerbe; Museum and Pedagogy. Retrieved April 23, 2014.
- ↑ tube weaving Pritzerbe; Opening hours. ( Memento of the original from April 24, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved April 23, 2014.
- ↑ Pritzerbe Primary School. Retrieved October 16, 2013.
- ↑ The ferry. ( Memento of the original from December 10, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 16, 2013.
- ↑ Part sheet Northwest Protected Areas. (PDF) In: Landkreis Potsdam-Mittelmark landscape framework plan. Office for Environmental and Landscape Planning, archived from the original on August 7, 2011 ; Retrieved October 16, 2013 .
