Räber (Suderburg)

Robbers municipality Suderburg Coordinates: 52 ° 52 ′ 35 ″ N , 10 ° 24 ′ 26 ″ E
Height :	70 m
Residents :	190 (December 31, 2017)
Incorporation :	July 1, 1972
Postal code :	29556
Area code :	05826
	Village square in Räber

Räber is a district of the municipality of Suderburg in the combined municipality of Suderburg and is located in the southwest of the Uelzen district in Lower Saxony . The place was first mentioned in a document in 1313 and incorporated into Suderburg on July 1, 1972.

geography

Robbers Jump

Räber is located in the south of the Lüneburg Heath , in the Hardautal , a transition area between the large landscapes of the High Heide and the Uelzen Basin . The village is almost completely enclosed by forest, especially the Lüßwald . In the north of the village, which is primarily characterized by agricultural land, the Olmsbach flows through the Räber itself, the Räber Spring ; both flow south into the Hardau . The street village develops mainly along the old village street, but also includes a western branch and a new building area (Räber West II). Starting from the northeast, Räber surrounds Unterlüß , Dreilingen , Graulingen, Suderburg and Hösseringen .

The emergence of the place probably coincides with the emergence of the today prominent characteristics of the heathland. While their origin is often attributed to the extensive wood requirements of the Lüneburg salt pans , there was actually already a sharp decline in forest stands and a gradual expansion of common heather from the year 1000 . It is precisely the migration of peoples , the associated settlement activities and intensive grazing, that caused the decline in the original forest and the creation of larger open areas in which the common heather could spread. The slightly hilly landscape around Räber was shaped by the Saale Ice Age . Their terrain, criss-crossed by terminal moraines , led to the designation of the upper part of the Räber Spring stream as “Räbersche Schweiz”.

history

Middle Ages and Early Modern Times

Local research suggests that the area around Räber was settled as early as the Bronze Age. The settlement itself probably originated in the 8th century. The original shape of today's street village could have been that of a cluster village as well as a round village . A first documentary mention of the village can be found in a purchase contract for a farm in Räber from 1313.

In the Middle Ages the village changed hands numerous times between different monasteries and members of the knighthood. In the 16th century, official evidence of the local farm stock can be found for the first time (3 full farms, 3 half farms and 4 koten) as well as an estimate of the population (between 30 and 60 inhabitants).

The village shared the fate of many other places in the centuries that followed. Epidemics such as plague and typhus or war and devastation as a result of the Thirty Years' War are also described in detail in the local village chronicles. Nevertheless, the location of the place away from the military roads or trade routes as well as postal routes between cities such as Lüneburg , Uelzen, Braunschweig , Hanover and Celle , proved to be a great advantage. Due to the remote situation, many momentous events of these centuries were only experienced in a moderated manner. Although no extensive craft or merchant milieu developed in the village, it did develop an extremely successful agriculture. A chronicler stated in retrospect: “Poverty seems to die out in robbers. She has probably never been at home here. "

19th and 20th centuries

It is said that there was artificial irrigation of the meadow along the Räber Spring as early as 1730 . A technique that was institutionalized or taught a good hundred years later at the Wiesenbauschule in Suderburg, and which was founded in 1853 by countless robbers as donors. The town was connected to the railway network in the course of the new railway construction from Lehrte to Harburg in 1847. The rail track, which runs partly on a dam, partly in the cut, has now also become an ICE route, still separates the northern edge of the town from the adjoining one Forest.

The federation wars and the two world wars experienced Räber similar to countless other communities in Germany. The Second World War ended locally with the Allied invasion of the village on April 14, 1945. As a result, due to the ongoing fighting for Uelzen, the village was under occupation for nine days and had to be evacuated by the inhabitants. In the subsequent episode, however, the inhabitants noticed little of the occupation. In addition, the infrastructure of the village was spared from many extreme effects of the war, such as bombing. However, the aftermath of the war and the large flow of displaced people from the east had a clear and lasting impact on the community. The population quickly doubled, grew to 435 people and caused a persistent housing shortage. While most of the displaced people moved on, some stayed on site and thus permanently changed the social structure of the village.

Räber's post-war chronicles refer particularly to efforts to rebuild the local economy. On site, fate revolved primarily around agricultural yields and their increase and decrease due to the respective climatic conditions, such as severe hurricanes (1956) or alternating drought and record harvest years (1959/60).

The non-church local cemetery was laid out in 1951 and the chapel located there was completed in 1954. In 1959, the memorial of the fallen from the village square was moved there.

In 1940, the municipality of Räber itself was granted permission to create a bathing pond in the south of the town, at the confluence of Räber Spring and Hardau. But it was not until 1969 that the decision to build, design and on July 29, 1971, the inauguration of the Hardau reservoir was made . On September 1, 1977, after a year of construction, the inauguration of the Springsee took place. The village pond near the southern entrance to the village, including the circular hiking trail, has an area of approx. 1.5 hectares.

The local school, first built in 1818 and after a fire in 1864, was closed in 1972 and converted into a residential building.

In May 1976 Räber received street names with house numbers. The place has been participating in the competition Our village has a future since 1979 . In 1981 and 1983 they achieved first place in a national comparison and in 1992 and 2008 in the district competition. In 1984, the attempt to get approval for a village coat of arms failed, mainly because the village lacks municipal status.

21st century

In 2013 the 700th anniversary of the town took place with a commemorative stone laying in the center of the town.

Place name

Mythological traditions tell of giants who lived in the Räber area and who are said to have shouted over the mountain to Hösseringen, “Kummt mol röber, rööber, röööber!”

Etymological studies promote the thesis that the word "bearo / bero" denotes pig fattening and, due to the highly successful local pig fattening, this probably gave the place its name.

Other sources interpret the original place name as "river forest", since the village at the Räber Spring, the surrounding forest and thus arose in a favorable environment. A corresponding first mention as "Retbere" dates back to 1033.

On the other hand, there are doubts whether a field name that can be translated as "Auwald" is correct. This is the result of combining the “basic word 'b (e) aro = forest' [with] the defining word 'Hriot = reed or Low German reed'”.

In historical documents there are also countless other spellings of the place name:

1313 Redhebere
1328 vines
1329 Redhere
1360 Reybere
1420 Redebere
1429 Redeber

Territories

The following affiliations can be derived from the historical documents:

Until 1794 Bienenbüttel bailiwick
Bodenteich office until 1859
Office Oldenstadt until 1885
From 1885 Uelzen district
Until 1966 cash registers and accounting association Räber / Bahnsen
Until 1972 joint municipality Hösseringen (small joint municipality with Bahnsen and Hösseringen)
Since July 1, 1972, combined municipality of Suderburg

Development of the population

According to the available documents, the following development can be seen:

year	001823	001848	001867	001871	001885	001895	001910	001920	001925	001933	001937	001939	001946	001947	001950	001961	001970	001990	002002	002017
Residents	131	236	215	233	251	248	220	227	214	208	217	217	163	433	438	308	257	251	205	190

Culture and sights

Clubs and village life

Fire station in Räber

The central community of the village is the volunteer fire brigade robbers. Founded on February 18, 1878, together with Hösseringer Wehr, it has been an independent weir since 1899. The still precarious location of the heathland combined with the historical danger of sparks from steam locomotives at the time, but also the typical construction of the local thatched-roof houses, have made the local weir an indispensable element of the village community. In 1978 and 2003, the 100 and 125 years of existence were celebrated in public.

Also in the 19th century and as part of the agricultural reforms, the Realgemeinde Räber came into being, to which all property owners in the place belong to this day.

Venue Easter fire robbers

In addition, the bowling club of the town reached a national prominence when this through the NDR presenter Hubertus Meyer-Burckhardt visited for a day and was finally "The club Meyer", on January 4, 2014 presented at the show. As part of the broadcast of the program, some club members were also part of the program “ DAS! "As a guest on the" Red Sofa ".

The Easter bonfire is still an important annual event in which almost the entire village community takes part.

Location views

East entrance with place name sign
Eastern entrance to the Welcome Stone
Village square
Hiking trail north of the village
Hiking trail north of the village

Attractions

In the neighboring village are the museum village Hösseringen and the reconstructed former Landtagplatz of the Principality of Lüneburg.
Also in the south of the village is the Hardausee , where there is a barbecue and camping site.
The Räber-Hösseringen observation tower is located between Räber and Hösseringen. The 37.5 m high clinker tower serves as a carrier for cell phone antennas, but also offers a viewing platform at a height of 35 meters.
Raeber is part of the first Stoppomat -distance Northern Germany . This leads as a 10 km long circuit from Suderburg via Räber and Hösseringen.

literature

Räber volunteer fire brigade: 100 years of the Räber volunteer fire brigade . Self-published, Räber 1978.
Rolf Hillmer: History of the Suderburg community. Bahnsen, Böddenstedt, Graulingen, Hamerstorf, Hösseringen, Holxen, Oldendorf I, Räber (= writings on Uelzen local history. No. 6, ISSN 0941-1666). C. Becker, Uelzen 1986.
Tilman Grottian: History of the Suderburg community . Edition: Anderweit, Hösseringen 2004.

Web links

Commons : Räber - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c Roman Fritsch: Räber. The historical development . In: Freiwillige Feuerwehr Räber (Hrsg.): Festschrift for the 100th anniversary of the volunteer fire department Räber . Self-published, Räber 1978.
↑ Lüneburg Heath . In: Wikipedia . June 19, 2020 ( wikipedia.org [accessed June 26, 2020]).
^ From the post-Napoleonic period. In: Chronicle of the place Räber. July 13, 2017, accessed June 26, 2020 .
↑ Uelzen . In: Wikipedia . June 3, 2020 ( wikipedia.org [accessed June 26, 2020]).
↑ ^a ^b ^c Rolf Hillmer: History of the community Suderburg . Becker Verlag, Uelzen 1986.
^ Village beautification. In: Chronicle of the place Räber. July 13, 2017, accessed June 29, 2020 .
↑ Robbers. Retrieved June 26, 2020 .
↑ The Middle Ages to the Reformation. In: Chronicle of the place Räber. July 13, 2017, accessed June 26, 2020 .
↑ Territory. In: Chronicle of the place Räber. July 13, 2017, accessed June 26, 2020 .
^ Tilman Grottian: History of the community Suderburg . Edition: Anderweit, Hösseringen 2004, ISBN 3-931824-33-0 .
^ First Stoppomat in northern Germany - Suderburg municipality in the Uelzen district. Retrieved June 27, 2020 .

[:0-1] Roman Fritsch: Räber. The historical development . In: Freiwillige Feuerwehr Räber (Hrsg.): Festschrift for the 100th anniversary of the volunteer fire department Räber . Self-published, Räber 1978.

[2] Lüneburg Heath . In: Wikipedia . June 19, 2020 ( wikipedia.org [accessed June 26, 2020]).

[3] From the post-Napoleonic period. In: Chronicle of the place Räber. July 13, 2017, accessed June 26, 2020 .

[4] Uelzen . In: Wikipedia . June 3, 2020 ( wikipedia.org [accessed June 26, 2020]).

[:1-5] Rolf Hillmer: History of the community Suderburg . Becker Verlag, Uelzen 1986.

[6] Village beautification. In: Chronicle of the place Räber. July 13, 2017, accessed June 29, 2020 .

[7] Robbers. Retrieved June 26, 2020 .

[8] The Middle Ages to the Reformation. In: Chronicle of the place Räber. July 13, 2017, accessed June 26, 2020 .

[9] Territory. In: Chronicle of the place Räber. July 13, 2017, accessed June 26, 2020 .

[10] Tilman Grottian: History of the community Suderburg . Edition: Anderweit, Hösseringen 2004, ISBN 3-931824-33-0 .

[11] First Stoppomat in northern Germany - Suderburg municipality in the Uelzen district. Retrieved June 27, 2020 .