Roman Catholic Parish Church of St. Pankratius (Flossenbürg)
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The Roman Catholic parish church of St. Pankratius is the main church of the Catholics of Flossenbürg . The parish has been part of the Neustadt an der Waldnaab deanery since 1987 .
history
A Catholic parish in Flossenbürg has only existed since 1956; before that there was only a branch church of Floß .
At Flossenbürg Castle , however, there had been a castle chapel for a long time, which in 1412 was named as a branch of Floß in the Salbuch von Floß without specifying a patronage ( Capell in the Veste Floß ). In a Regensburg visitation protocol from 1526, it is referred to as the Emmeramskapelle ( capellam sancti Hemerami in acre Flossenpurg ) and assigned to the Regensburg diocesan saint . This assignment is, however, controversial, because in later visitation protocols from 1596 and in the Salbuch from 1598 one of St. Pankratius called the consecrated chapel. In the diocesan registers from 1665, however, a Georg chapel in Flossenbürg is mentioned. This seems plausible insofar as St. George was the patron saint of knights and the most frequent patron of castle chapels. The question of the earlier patronage must remain open for the time being. An indication of the chapel also arises from the Guttensteiner inventory of 1514, proceeds from the that in Capellen an ammunition magazine was and on the purkkirchen were stored arrow shafts and balls. The chapel has not yet been located in the Flossenbürg ruins.
In terms of religious history, the formation of the Palatinate “ Young Palatinate ” and the conversion of Count Palatine Ottheinrich to the Lutheran faith were decisive for this area in 1504 . His subjects had to obey his religious edict of June 22, 1542. However, under Palatine Wolfgang Wilhelm, the return to Catholicism took place in 1614. During the Thirty Years' War , Protestantism became dominant again through the Swedish occupiers . Under the Count Palatine Christian August , the principle of Cuius regio, eius religio was abolished in the principality and the Simultaneum , i.e. the free exercise of both Christian denominations, was introduced. From 1654, this also applied to Flossenbürg. Between the two religions, however, there were repeated disputes over the common use of the church because of the church furnishings, the times of worship, the ringing of bells and the mutual recognition of church holidays.
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A local church with a tower to the east must have already existed around 1600, as can be seen from a plan by the cartographer Christoph Vogel . The church was on the left on the road to Sankt Ötzen , not far from the village fountain. This is likely to have been the "Leutekirche" in contrast to the "Herrschaftskirche" on the castle. It is unclear whether the St. George Patronage ( Capella S. Georgij ) referred to this church. In the inventory from 1599 it says, “In the clapboard-roofed nave there was a little wooden tower with a pointed shingle roof with 2 bells and 2 sides”. The interior was very simple, only a figure of Mary stood on the altar. As early as 1595 the church was described as dilapidated, these complaints dragged on over the next few years. In 1605 the planned purchase of a watch is reported. In 1606 the congregation turned to the Duke, “he may come from his prince. Grace charity intended school house and clock next to the church tower erect and build ”. But all of this dragged on, the clock was only installed after 1613. The Church appears to have survived during the Thirty Years' War, but there are contradicting statements. B. it once said: "Imperial Kravadten (Croats) set fire to 43 Härd Stätt (Herdstätten) and the church in 1634".
1716–1718 the new simultaneous church of St. Pankratius, today the evangelical church of the same name in Flossenbürg , was built. The foundation stone was laid on May 26, 1716 by the princely chief official Leonhard Streidel von Floß. The blessing was performed only by the Catholic vikarisierenden Franciscan Father Hilarion the monastery Pfreimd . The pulpit , the altar (without the statue of the Virgin Mary) and the bells were taken from the old church . A picture of the Virgin Mary for the high altar, which was commissioned by the high-prince cellar clerk Johann Paul Amade von Sulzbach without consultation with the Protestant community, had to be removed again following a protest from the Lutheran community and on instructions from the government; instead a depiction of the Descent from the Cross was commissioned, which is still used today. On July 7, 1725 Pastor Wolfgang Franz Neuwirt reported raft at the Regensburg Bishop Gottfried Langwerth of Simmern that he recently built the "branch" benediziert and 1723 also have dedicated the altarpiece.
This Simultaneum was terminated by mutual agreement on July 17, 1914, and ended in 1916 with the evacuation of the Simultaneous Church by the Catholics. The church and the interior furnishings (with a few exceptions) were left to the Protestant community, the Catholic community received 9,000 marks as a transfer fee.
During the First World War the Catholic Church of St. Pankratius was built in Flossenbürg. The Regensburg architect Josef Koch was commissioned with the planning, the laying of the foundation stone took place on June 13, 1915 and the date for moving out of the Simultankirche on January 1, 1917 could be kept. In Flossenbürg, the Catholic side quickly asked for their own pastor so that they would not have to continue walking to Floß. In the spring of 1920 the wishes of the faithful were granted and an expositur was set up here; the previous Flosser cooperator Johann Baptist Hoch was instructed by the diocese of Regensburg on April 2, 1920 to take up residence in Flossenbürg. The solemn inauguration of the church did not take place until September 7, 1930 by Bishop Michael Buchberger . On July 12, 1947, the branch was upgraded to a parish curate. On February 1, 1959, Bishop Buchberger elevated the curate to an independent parish, thus dissolving the ties to the parish of Floß.
The plan to build a Catholic branch office dates back to 1899. An approved plan was only available in 1920 and in the same year the house could be built and occupied with the great help of the Flossenbürg Catholics. The branch building was demolished in 1971 and a new building was erected on the old foundation walls. In 1971/72 it was expanded into a parish home with the planning of the Windischeschenbach architect Xaver Bogner .
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The granite wall around the church was completed in 1926/27. In the spring of 1926 an electric tower clock was also purchased from the Vortmann company from Recklinghausen . A memorial for the prisoners of war and missing persons of the Second World War was erected on the churchyard wall in October 1954.
Structure
The single-nave church is a granite stone building with a tower on the east side. This is covered with a tent roof, whereby an onion dome was originally planned, but could not be implemented due to a lack of money. The choir is designed with a barrel-like vault with stitch caps. Inside it is structured by pilasters .
In 1926, at the suggestion of Expositus Bächer, a portal on the south side was closed by adding a small chapel with a Pietà . In 1967 another access door was broken out on the west side.
Interior
The interior was kept very simple from the start. As a donation from the Andreas and Margarete Näger family from 1914/15, there was only a mission cross on the high altar , including a statue of the painful Maria . This was replaced in 1925 by a neo-baroque altar, created by the Vohenstrauss painter Ludwig Steininger . The altarpiece had a strongly profiled frame and showed a Christ on the cross between four marbled columns. The side figures were St. Sebastian and St. Pankratius, two original Baroque figures from the 18th century. The top of the altar was finished with a baroque cartouche and the IHS monogram .
A Nazarene Way of the Cross by Munich's Jakob Kramer from 1864 served as a decorative element. There was also a statue of Mary made of wood and one made of cast, as well as a cast iron statue of Joseph. An immaculate picture came from the earlier Simultankirche. The Vasa sacra also came partly from the Simultankirche (chalice and ciborium from 1801, monstrance from 1830). In 1917 a pulpit was installed.
The colored glass windows from 1927 come from the Tyrolean glass painting and mosaic institute in Innsbruck. There will be a St. Agnes in the northeast window and a St. Aloisius is depicted in the southern window of the chancel and the death of Joseph in the southern nave window with dedications from the respective donors.
In 1959, pastor Hans Bauer began various redesigns of the church interior. Thus the Sacred Heart side altar and the main altar were removed, it was instead a people's altar according to the liturgical reform of Vatican II 1967/68 built on the site of the former altar. A second granite altar with the gilded tabernacle was set up at the front of the choir . Above it, an oval window was broken out, the colors of which symbolize the hand of God; it comes from the Neustadt painter Karl Salzbauer . The church furnishings, which have become very cool, have been taken back a little under Pastor Franz Keppenberger and the baroque side figures of the former high altar have been put up again. In the choir arch a Madonna now floats in a halo , which is said to come from Plößberg .
Bells
The first equipment with bells from 1916 came from the bell foundry Hamm in Regensburg. The bells tuned to G, B and C were inaugurated on December 11, 1915 by Auxiliary Bishop Johann Baptist Hierl . The two large bells weighing 535 and 316 kg were removed on August 23, 1918 to secure the army's metal requirements, the small bell weighing 220 kg remained in the church. At Easter 1919 the merchants Albert and Babette Fraas decided to set up a bell foundation. Through this foundation and other related house collections, two bells could again be ordered in Regensburg on May 1, 1921, the larger of 320 kg was tuned to tone B, the smaller 120 kg to tone Es.
During the Second World War two bells were removed again in February 1942, only the smaller Fraas bell , weighing 120 kg, remained in the church. In April 1949, a bell weighing 350 kg, the Elisabeth bell , was purchased from the parish of Floß . After a collection campaign, two bells were commissioned from the Hamm-Hofweber company in the summer of 1954, and the Fraas bell was cast into a D bell. On December 7, 1954, all three bells were picked up in a pageant and consecrated by Parish Curate Max Würth on December 8, 1954. The big bell with 659 kg is tuned to the F sharp tone and consecrated to the Holy Trinity, the second bell weighing 257 kg is tuned to the H tone and dedicated to Mary.
organ
The first organ was supplied by the Willibald Siemann company from Munich in 1916. In 1941 the organ case was removed by the Eduard Hirnschrodt company from Regensburg and a free prospectus with a new zinc register was created. In 1977 this instrument was considered "totally used up" and in 1979 a new organ was ordered from the Guido Nenninger company . This could be consecrated at the beginning of 1981 by cathedral chapter Josef Grabmeier .
literature
- Werner Chrobak : On the history of the Catholic parish Flossenbürg. In: Adolf Wolfgang Schuster : History of the community Flossenbürg. Volume 2, Municipality of Flossenbürg, Flossenbürg 1990, pp. 183-232.
- Andreas Boos : The Flossenbürg ruins. Resurrection of a castle from the high and late Middle Ages. Municipality of Flossenbürg 1993, p. 14.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Andreas Boos: The ruins of Flossenbürg. Resurrection of a castle from the high and late Middle Ages. Flossenbürg 1993, pp. 68f and 120f.
Coordinates: 49 ° 43 '58.8 " N , 12 ° 20' 54.4" E