Randecker Maar

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Randecker Maar. Back: Zertalter Albtrauf of the Middle Swabian Alb
Boulder: White Jura . View of the Alb foreland with the Limburg chimney remnant 4 km away
Randecker Maar

The Randecker Maar is a former volcanic vent of the Swabian volcano on the eaves of the Swabian Alb on the Ochsenwang district of Bissingen an der Teck , which was formed around 17 million years ago. The maar is a national geotope .

Emergence

In the period after the volcanic activity, a maar lake was formed in the depression . Numerous fossil finds are known from the lake deposits , which prove this formation in the Lower to Middle Miocene . Today the Randecker Maar is drained by the Zipfelbach , fed by 20 springs. The dry maar has a diameter of about 1.2 km.

The Randecker Maar is a popular tourist destination on the south-eastern outskirts of Ochsenwang. The road leading from Hepsisau to Schopfloch crosses the area that was designated as a nature reserve in 1971.

Bird migration

The Randecker Maar is of national importance for bird migration . The northeastern part of the once circular incision has been removed and opens up to the foothills of the Alb. Seen from this point of view, the Alb ascent does not take place in stages as on the majority of the Alb eaves , but continuously from around 350 to around 800  m above sea level. NN .

Such valley-like incisions like the Randecker Maar are sought and used by migratory birds to more easily overcome the up to 500 meter difference in altitude between the foreland and the Alb plateau. The geographical constellation on and around the maar has a funnel effect, so that the migratory birds appear concentrated and bundled at the upper edge of the maar. The migratory birds sometimes arrive at eye level, which makes bird watching in the Randecker Maar much easier; as a result, essential visual features can be recorded for the determination of the species.

The Randecker Maar research station has existed since 1970; at that time migratory birds were recorded for the first time. Since 1988, observations have been made from mid-August to the beginning of November. Exact investigations of the data evaluated so far have suggested that around 90% of bird migration takes place during this period.

Nature reserve

With the ordinance of the Stuttgart regional council of December 21, 1990, the Randecker Maar with Zipfelbach gorge with a total area of ​​110.0 ha was designated as a nature reserve (NSG number 1.029). This replaced an old ordinance of November 5, 1971, with which 60.9 hectares were then placed under protection. The preservation of an Albmaar existing in its original form was protected because of its importance for science and its high value for flora and fauna as well as for the landscape of the Swabian Alb.

swell

  1. ^ J. Baier: The Urach-Kirchheimer volcanic area of ​​the Swabian Alb. - Exposure 71 (4), 224–233, 2020.
  2. ^ Geological school map of Baden-Württemberg 1: 1,000,000. State Office for Geology, Raw Materials and Mining Baden-Württemberg, Freiburg im Breisgau 1998.
  3. ↑ Gate 2000, Chapter 1.

literature

  • Wulf Gatter: Bird migration and bird populations in Central Europe. 30 years of observation of the day train on the Randecker Maar. Aula Verlag, Wiebelsheim 2000, ISBN 3-89104-645-6 .
  • Reinhard Wolf , Ulrike Kreh (Hrsg.): The nature reserves in the Stuttgart administrative region . Thorbecke, Ostfildern 2007, ISBN 978-3-7995-5176-2 , pp. 480-482
  • Günter Schweigert: The Randecker Maar - A fossil crater lake in the Albtrauf . Issue 43, Series C, State Museum for Natural History, Stuttgart 1998. ISSN  0341-0161 .
  • Günter Schweigert and Günter Bechly : Bibliography on the geology and palaeontology of the Randecker Maar (Lower Miocene, southwest Germany) 1825 - 2000 . In: Stuttgart contributions to natural history, B 302, Stuttgart 2001, pp. 1–12 ( digitized version )

Web links

Commons : Randecker Maar  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 48 ° 34'27.1 "  N , 9 ° 31'22.8"  E