Salva Guardia privilege for Kaisersteinbruch

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Salva Guardia-Adler Leopold I.
Kulturzentrum Haus Kaisersteinbruch.jpg

The Salva Guardia privilege , also known as the Black Eagle Privilege , was an imperial letter of protection for the masters of the Kaisersteinbruch brotherhood named . The new quarry at Leithaberg was first mentioned in writing in 1576 when the new imperial building was being built .

This place had many names: Quarry on Leithaberg , Heiligenkreuzer Steinbruch , Imperial Quarry on Leithaberg, also quite simply quarry . These privileges ultimately led to Kaisersteinbruch, also in contrast to the Kingdom of Hungary .

Imperial privileges

The imperial quarry on Leythaberg received important imperial and royal privileges when it was founded , because the Italian-Swiss stonemasons established here by the Lower Austrian government commissioned the first local quarries .

In addition to the confirmation of the freedoms as an independent craft of the stonemasons and masons in Kaisersteinbruch , a Salva Guardia was granted. These privileges were tax , customs and military - billing exemption .

In 1833 there was still a wooden pillar with a large wooden plaque, with an kk eagle painted on sheet metal and the inscription: Salva Guardia, on the corner of the school house . It was not until 1848 that the memory was lost in a completely unknown way . After that, the municipality of Kaisersteinbruch did not enjoy any of the freedoms listed. The Kaisersteinbruch teacher Johann Wimmer suspected that the stonemasons failed to have the privileges renewed with each new regent (king).

Black eagle privilege

Teacher Wimmer found copies of the privileges of the Black Eagle privilege from master stonemason Michael Weidbacher († 1796) and included them in his memorandum.

Emperor and King Ferdinand III.

The stonemasons knew how to work with Ferdinand III. To get a hearing, who then exempted the masters Andre Ruffini , Pietro Maino Maderno , Hieronymus Bregno , Ambrosius Regondi and Domenicus Petruzzy from all public duties and services and granted them the Black Eagle privilege on December 5, 1646 . Ferdinand III. On May 5, 1642, the Holy Cross Abbot Michael Schnabel demanded a quarry on Leithaberg for his court stone masons .

In 1649, as King of Hungary, he raised his court stone mason and judge in the stone quarry Pietro Maino Maderno - him and his family - to the nobility for his artistic work in Austria and Hungary .

Abbot Michael Schnabel criticized the Welschen stonemasons for their disobedience and presumption , they must all obey the administrator of the royal court and the abbot of Heiligenkreuz . The Welsh stonemasons have exercised a privilege without the knowledge of their authorities .. the pole with the freedom set up in the middle of the village and imperial coats of arms hung on their houses.

When these were to be removed by order of the abbot, they ran up with the pipes open and beat the Callesh servant of Father Vicarius Johannes to winds , shouting insulting words for Father Johannes.

Contract of July 3, 1647: Abbot Michael Schnabel and the master stonemasons

(excerpts) The stone breakers should remove their salva guardia and the table they have set up as soon as possible. But when their requested privileges are publicized by the Laudable County , they should then have the power (but with the knowledge of Your Grace or the same administrators) to restore them immediately and unhindered .

Emperor and King Leopold I.

Salva Guardia-Privilegium 1660

Imperial document dated February 3, 1660. It is a well-preserved parchment document with the imperial seal and the emperor's handwritten signature . It was located in the Kaisersteinbruch archive until the local population was ordered to resettle because of the construction of the prisoner- of- war camp Stalag XVII A and the sale of the church building to the German settlement society. The last (collegiate) pastor in Kaisersteinbruch, Father Clemens Lissy, took it and handed it over to the archives of the Heiligenkreuz Abbey on October 5, 1944. Leopold I. grants the privilege of being free , for yourself and your descendants from any accommodation . As a sign of this, they are allowed to wear the kaisl on the doors of their houses. Double eagle mount and are a chapel to Corpus Christi - Procession build at its own expense.

Grant in respect of sincerity and good service to our loyal, wise and cautious (written in gold letters) Jacobus Maderno , Ambrosius Ferrethi , Ambrosius Regondi , Domenico Petruzzy and Giorgio Regondi , master stonemasons in the lordship of the Königshof am Leithaberg under Wieselburg County, resident and resident .. at that time of this letter in future the colonels , captains and other officers, as well as common soldiers on horseback and on foot , should be freed from all war occupations and quarters , they are whoever they want, who should be graciously freed.

Emperor and King Charles VI.

Imperial document dated December 5, 1712 with the signature of the emperor: Carolus , Count Nicolaus Illésházy and Franciscus Somogyi.

The Salva Guardia privilege granted by Emperor Leopold in 1660 is confirmed to the master stonemasons Johann Georg Haresleben , Sebastian Regondi , Johann Paul Schilck , Elias Hügel , Johann Baptist Kral and Simon Sasslaber (in that order).

Queen Maria Theresa

Consilium Regni, Royal Decree of May 4, 1743. In a request to the Empress (Queen) - Sacracissima Regia Majestas - the master stonemasons asked for the privilege to be extended.

The Roman Emperor Charles VI. Salva Guardia privilege granted to the master masons Elias Hügel, Joseph Winkler , Johann Baptist Regondi , Maximilian Trumler , Johann Paul Schilck and Franz Trumler is renewed and confirmed.

literature

  • Brigitte Krizsanits, Manfred Horvath : The Leithagebirge, border and connection, Kaisersteinbruch, Salve-Guardia-Adler , S 78. Verlag Bibliothek der Provinz 2012. ISBN 978-3-99028-172-7 .

Individual evidence

  1. Hofkammerarchiv: first mentioned in 1576, Neugebauten Castle
  2. ^ Archive of Heiligenkreuz Abbey, in all of its writings
  3. ^ The shares of the Stiftsherrschaft Heiligenkreuz , p. 77. in: Ed. Burgenländische Landesregierung : Allgemeine Landestopographie des Burgenlandes, The administrative district Neusiedl am See , 1st volume, Eisenstadt 1954.
  4. ^ Wimmer Johann jun. in Helmuth Furch : Historical Lexicon Kaisersteinbruch . Vol. 2, S 845. Kaisersteinbruch 2004. ISBN 978-3-9504555-8-8 .
  5. Archive Heiligenkreuz Abtprotokoll before 1646
  6. ^ Archives Stift Heiligenkreuz 51 / II / 2
  7. ^ Archives Stift Heiligenkreuz, 51 / IX / 10
  8. Imperial certificate of February 3, 1660 in: Helmuth Furch: Mitteilungen des Museums- und Kulturverein Kaisersteinbruch , No. 31, March 1994, pp. 12-13, with illustration. ISBN 978-3-9504555-3-3 .
  9. Copy in the Mosonmagyaróvár archive No. 36/1494
  10. Archive Mosonmagyaróvár No. 36/1494
  11. ^ Empress Maria Theresa in: Historisches Lexikon Kaisersteinbruch . Vol. 2, p. 281.