Schadlichsberg

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Schadlichsberg
Community of Schönheide
Coordinates: 50 ° 30 ′ 11 ″  N , 12 ° 32 ′ 30 ″  E
Height : 600-650 m
Postal code : 08304
Area code : 037755
Schadlichsberg (Saxony)
Schadlichsberg

Location of Schädlichsberg in Saxony
View from Knock in northeastern direction to part of the Schädlichsberg
View from Knock in northeastern direction to part of the Schädlichsberg

The Schädlichsberg is a district of the Schönheide municipality ( Erzgebirgskreis ) in the westernmost tip of the Saxon Ore Mountains .

Geographical location

The district is essentially located on the northeast sloping shoulder of the Knock mountain ( 725.5  m above sea  level ) between the valley of the Schönheider Dorfbach and that of the Filzbach and that of the Zwickauer Mulde . On this shoulder there is a rock formation called "Drachenfels" near the summit. According to the natural space map of Saxony , the area lies in the mesogeochore "Schönheider plateau" and belongs to the microgeochore "Schönheider Kuppengebiet". The Natura 2000 area Bergwiesen around Schönheide and Stützengrün belongs to the district with its sub-area 7, "Schädlichberg". The mountain "Vogelherd" ( 636.4  m above sea  level ), by the author Ernst Flath, who wrote a story about Schönheide published around 1909, was still called "Schädlichsberg". It was deforested in the middle of the 20th century. In the 19th century it was made up of a few trees. A few meters away there is a trigonometric point on the ground in an east-south-east direction at a height of 629.4  m above sea level. NHN . To the northeast, the “Herrenwald” district adjoins, over which a 110 kV power line runs. In its eastern area it drops steeply into the valley of the Filzbach.

The border between Schönheide and Schönheiderhammer ran through the district of Schädlichsberg until 1949 , when the latter municipality was incorporated into Schönheide on July 1st (law on the amalgamation of the municipalities of Schönheide, Schönheiderhammer and Neuheide - Aue district - of April 29, 1949).

Surname

The author Ernst Flath, who wrote a story of Schönheide published around 1909, considers the first part of the name Schädlichsberg to be the name of the first settler in this district. In 1792, the term Schadlichsberg was not used in Aster's map series. In Volume 18 of Schumann's Lexicon, Albert Schiffner counts the “Schedlichsberg” as one of the separate groups of houses in Schönheide. It lies south over the Niederdorf and is assembled with the small Hammervorwerk and four associated houses. In a place directory from 1837 the name "Schedlichsberg" is used and explained: "Ortstheil ... belongs to Schönheide and forms a separate group of houses". There is no information on the number of residential buildings and residents. Albert Schiffner reports in his handbook about Saxony, published in 1839, that the “Schedlichsberg” lies “south of the Niederdorfe, by the hammer's front works”. Around 1848 Albert Schiffner mentions in his work “Führer im Muldenthale” that Schönheide also included “groups of houses that are scattered in the side canyons and on the heights”. This also includes the “Schedlichsberg” district, “with which the houses belonging to the iron and steel works are linked”. The list of places for Saxony from 1862 mentions the Schädlichsberg as belonging to Schönheide, but does not provide any details. The most complete geographic-topographical-statistical local lexicon of Germany from 1868 also states that the Schädlichsberg is a “Ortstheil” of Schönheide.

According to the address book for 1896, the name "Schädlich" appeared 71 times in Schönheide and also once in the form "Schedlich", according to the address book of 1913 56 times, after that of 1926 no less than 87 times and after that of 1930 together with Schönheiderhammer and Neuheide 93 times.

history

The district of Schädlichsberg was divided into Hufen when it was first settled.

The beginning of the settlement of Schönheide is dated to 1537. In the founding deed for Schönheide, the so-called liberation letter of March 20, 1549 jul. of Balthasar Friedrich Edler von der Planitz , the location of the double hooves is described as reaching on the one hand from the Dorfbach north to the Filzbach and on the other hand south to the Zwickauer Mulde . The twenty hooves of the founding phase reached from the eastern edge of the village to about the source area of ​​the village stream. The district of Schädlichsberg was part of the first settlement from the start. Berg Vogelherd is mentioned in the founding document as "Vogelheerdt".

The Uttmannsche Vorwerk was in what is now the district. It already existed when the heirs of Balthasar Friedrich Edler von der Planitz sold Schönheide on December 24, 1563 to Elector August and is mentioned in the purchase agreement:

The newly prepared Forwergk with the house inside and all the other buildings in such a village with barns, places and everything that is otherwise attached to the Forwergk and the water ditch around it, with all the buildings, sampled all fields and associated meadow wax, in addition, as a rule, thirtyk bushels of fields Properly, with the breeding of Vihe and all other uses of none excluded, And should our little mouths, cousins ​​and sinews leave the cattle Vihe and all this year's feeding him for such forge, and the cattle, as it is respected by ungodly, paid in the cession take, but the hay feeding, if still available in the woods or barns, and not previously used for this forwerge, so in the Goltzsch estate.

The Vorwerk burned down in 1863. The fire was started by an arsonist who was identified and convicted of multiple arson attacks.

The district of Schädlichsberg from Berg Allee, in the background the forests above the valley of the Zwickauer Mulde with the Auersberg

The Buchhöhe row of houses , which previously only consisted of a few buildings, is completely surrounded by the closer development of the district of Schädlichsberg. This row of houses used to stand above the Filzbachtal separately from the other buildings and belonged to Schönheiderhammer. It is colloquially called "Juchhöh", or "Guchheh" in the Erzgebirge.

Until almost the middle of the 19th century, the road from Eibenstock to Vogtland did not lead through the valley of the Filzbach and Schönheider Dorfbach. It ran from Schönheiderhammer a steep ascent, still called "Hammerberg" today, up to today's district of Schädlichsberg, through this in a west-south-west direction along the northern slope of the Knock mountain, past the old cemetery , then continued to climb , followed first Fichtigweg and then the path called “old road” on the Aster map towards Vogtland. So that horse-drawn carts with their loads could cope with the ascent from the Zwickauer Mulde valley, there were carters in Schönheiderhammer who helped with their horses in the lead . From Schönheiderhammer, which is only 540 m high, it was possible to reach a height of 615 m at the beginning of the district of Schädlichsberg over a short distance.

In 1898 a small hospital was opened on today's Straße der Einheit, for the construction of which the painter Adolf Wilhelm Porst, who was successful in Munich and from Schönheide, bequeathed 15,000 marks to the community of Schönheide. This hospital existed well into the 20th century. Its two buildings are now used as residential buildings.

Former inn "Gute Quelle" with a butcher shop. Bes. Eduard Frieß "
August Grothes design of the hammer school from 1908

The restaurant located in the street of the unit no. 3, closed in 2017 with the inscription "Gute Quelle / Gastwirtschaft mit Fleischerei / Bes. Eduard Frieß" on the facade, built around 1900, is a cultural monument. The Saxon State Office for Monument Preservation describes the monument:

Inn with clinker brick facade typical of the time, built-on »guest house«, later plastered building with historical lettering, evidence of historical tourism in the village, of architectural and local historical importance , Extension: two-storey solid construction, plastered, entrance (barred) on the ground floor, barred stable windows, upper floor with window group over entrance through pinch stucco (fruit garland and wine glass) emphasized, historical inscription in zinc letters: "Gute Quelle / Gastwirtschaft mit Fleischerei / Bes. Eduard Frieß" and on the annex: "Fremdhof-Autogarage-Centralheiz".

The inn is mentioned in the address book for 1894. The owner Eduard Frieß had placed an advertisement in which he advertised his inn: "friendly rooms, good beds from 30 pounds", "excellent food and drinks", "every Friday pig slaughter".

1960s: The area around the hammer school still largely without buildings

In 1908, a new school for Schönheiderhammer was built according to plans by the Dresden architect August Grothe after the previous one from 1881 burned down. At that time this area still belonged to the community of Schönheiderhammer. After several renovations and the removal of the tower, which had been robbed of its bell in the 1960s or 1970s, nothing remained of the concept of the architect Grothe, who adhered to the reform style. In the 2010s, the community of Schönheide expanded the building for the “Hammerschulzwerge” kindergarten.

During the GDR era, the Engelhardt coal merchant located in Schädlichsberg played a major role in supplying the households in all of Schönheide with coal.

During the GDR era and after 1990, several apartment buildings and numerous single-family houses were built on formerly agricultural land.

Economy and Infrastructure

economy

In the GDR era, the stables, barns, garages and workshop and storage rooms of the agricultural production cooperative (LPG) "Vorwärts" were located in the area of ​​the "bird hearth ". This LPG, which was created in 1956 and converted into a so-called Type 3 LPG in 1960, had specialized in rearing heifers from around the 1970s after experiments with open cattle stalls and milk production . In 1979, a barn with supplies was destroyed by fire. A successor to the LPG was not created after 1990. The LPG buildings are still standing, a resettler is using one of the stables. After a few years of sheep farming, he has been raising cattle with a herd of suckler cows since the 2010s, for which he also grows forage plants. Some of the earlier LPG buildings have been converted and are used by a number of commercial establishments in the 21st century. These are essentially construction companies such as roofing, carpentry and a building renovation, wood and building protection company.

traffic

The area is essentially accessed from the “Unity Road”. This goes from the main street in the lower part of Schönheide and reaches the building with a series of spur streets. In addition, the “Mittelstrasse” leads from the vicinity of the town hall in the direction of Schädlichsberg. The streets “Heiterer Blick” and “Am Vogelherd” complement the development. The latter street is reminiscent of the elevation in this district called "Vogelherd" on maps. The Görlitz-Greiz long-distance hiking trail leads through the district.

graveyard

The Schönheide community cemetery, which was opened in 1996 and expanded in the 2010s, has a hall with an organ for memorial services. A bell hangs in a roof turret. A memorial stone for the victims of war and tyranny commemorates the dead of the two world wars of the 20th century. It also replaces a number of earlier memorial sites in other parts of the municipality from the GDR era. It is the third cemetery in the history of the village. The first was in the middle of the village opposite the Martin Luther Church . From 1839 to 1995 the second cemetery existed on the northern slope of Mount Knock. It is called the Old Cemetery .

literature

  • Ernst Flath: Local history and history of Schönheide, Schönheiderhammer and Neuheide . Schönheide o. J. (1909) Digitized in the State and University Library Dresden , also reprint 1992
  • Ernst Flath: The history of the founding of Schönheide - for the upcoming four-centenary of the place . In: Glückauf - Journal of the Erzgebirgsverein. No. 5/1937. May 1937. Pages 65-70
  • Ernst Flath: From the history of our hometown , in: Heimatgeschichtliche Festzeitung. Festive supplement to the Schönheider Wochenblatt of August 21, 1937 on the occasion of Schönheide's four-centenary

Web links

Commons : Schädlichsberg  - collection of images

Remarks

  1. ↑ No literal quotation, as Schumann abbreviates many words.
  2. ↑ "Is a separate group of houses that belongs to the Commune Schönheide". ( New alphabetical directory of the Kingdom of Saxony from 1836)
  3. ↑ Friedrich Ludwig Aster describes a path on the north side of Baumannsberg as "The old street".
  4. ↑ cf. List of cultural monuments in Schönheide .
  5. ↑ Louis Engelhardt is mentioned for the first time as a farmer and coal merchant in the 1926 address book.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Saxon State Enterprise Geo-base information and surveying: Topographic map 1: 25,000, edition with hiking trails, sheet 15 Westerzgebirge Eibenstock, Johanngeorgenstadt , 2nd edition, Dresden 2010, ISBN 978-3-86170-717-2
  2. ↑ Ernst Flath: Local history and history of Schönheide, Schönheiderhammer and Neuheide , Schönheide o. J. (1909), p. 17 ( digitized in the Dresden State and University Library )
  3. ↑ Natural space map service of the Landschaftsforschungszentrum eV Dresden ( information )
  4. ↑ Overview map on a scale of 1: 25,000 from the map service of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation
  5. ↑ a b c Landesvermessungsamt Sachsen: Topographical map 1: 10,000, sheet 5441-SW Schönheide , normal edition, 1st edition, Dresden 1995, ISBN 3-86170-609-1
  6. ↑ Ernst Flath: Local history and history of Schönheide, Schönheiderhammer and Neuheide , commissioned by Armin Stopps Buchhandlung, Schönheide o. J. (1909), p. 5 digitized in the Dresden State and University Library
  7. ↑ Directories of the municipalities incorporated since May 1945, 1952, published by the Ministry of the Interior of Saxony
  8. ^ Minutes of the Landtag (1st electoral period, 59th session) of April 29, 1949, p. 1270 (digital copy)
  9. ↑ Ernst Flath: Local history and history of Schönheide, Schönheiderhammer and Neuheide , commissioned by Armin Stopps Buchhandlung, Schönheide o. J. (1909), p. 5 digitized in the Dresden State and University Library
  10. ↑ a b Friedrich Ludwig Aster: Sächsische Meilenblätter, sheet 196 in the Berlin copy ( link to the map sheet in the Dresden State and University Library )
  11. ↑ Friedrich August Gottlob Schumann: Complete State, Post and Newspaper Lexicon of Saxony, containing a correct and detailed geographical, topographical and historical representation of all cities, towns, villages, castles, courtyards, mountains, forests, lakes, rivers etc. of the entire royal family . and Prince. Saxon country including the Principality of Schwarzburg, the Erfurt area, as well as the Reussian and Schönburg possessions. Volume 18, published by the Schumann brothers, Zwickau 1833, page 726f. Digitized
  12. ^ New alphabetical index of places of the Kingdom of Saxony. Compiled according to official reports by the Central Committee of the statistical association for the Kingdom of Saxony . With the most gracious privilege granted. Verlag der Waltherschen Hofbuchhandlung. Second department M.-Z., Dresden 1837, p. 278 digitized
  13. ^ Albert Schiffner: Handbook of geography, statistics and topography of the Kingdom of Saxony. First delivery, containing the Zwickau directions district. at Friedrich Fleischer, Leipzig 1839, p. 194 digitized , s. also Albert Schiffner: Description of Saxony and the Ernestine, Reuss and Schwarzburg lands . With 192 views and 2 maps, J. Scheible's Buchhandlung, Stuttgart 1840, p. 305 ( link to the digitized version in the Saxon State and University Library in Dresden )
  14. ^ Albert Schiffner: The leader in the Muldenthale, from the Voigtlands heights to the union of the two hollows . In 16 deliveries, containing 37 views, taken from nature by Gustav Täubert, lithographed by J. Riedel, Verlag von Gustav Täubert, Dresden (no year, 1848), p. 13 ( link to the digitized version in the Leipzig University Library p. 13 cannot be called up directly, just scroll through the digitized version or click on "Schönheide" in the table of contents on the left.)
  15. ↑ Alphabetical location directory of the Kingdom of Saxony , edited according to official documents by the statistical bureau of the Ministry of the Interior, printing and publishing by C. Heinrich, Dresden 1862, p. 576 digitized
  16. ↑ H. Rudolf: Most Complete Geographical-Topographical-Statistical Ort-Lexicon of Germany , E. Ernst's Verlag, Zurich 1868, Sp. 3939 ( digitized version )
  17. ↑ Address book of the following cities and towns: Auerbach / Vogtland [...], Schönheide, printing and publishing house by Eichhorn and Jehne, Zwickau 1896, p. 363 Digitized in the State and University Library Dresden
  18. ^ "Address book of 91 cities and towns in the Saxon Ore Mountains", Werdau o. J. (1913 or 1914), p. 283f. ( Link to the digitized version in the Dresden State and University Library )
  19. ↑ Address book for the Schwarzenberg public administration, Auer Druck- und Verlagsgesellschaft, Aue (Saxony) 1926, p. 838f. ( Link to the digitized version in the Dresden State and University Library )
  20. ^ Address book for the cities of Aue […] and 21 rural communities, Auer Druck- und Verlagsgesellschaft, Aue / Sachsen 1930, p. 354 Digitalisat at Compgen.de
  21. ↑ Ernst Flath: Local history and history of Schönheide, Schönheiderhammer and Neuheide , Schönheide o. J. (1909), p. 177 Digitized in the Dresden State and University Library
  22. ^ Karl Gottlob Dietmann : The entire ... priesthood in the Electorate of Saxony ... Volume I.3: Konsistorium Wittenberg. Richter, Dresden, Leipzig 1755, p. 609 ( digitized in the University Library in Halle ).
  23. ^ A b Ernst Flath: Local history and history of Schönheide, Schönheiderhammer and Neuheide , Schönheide o. J. (1909), p. 178 Digitized in the Dresden State and University Library
  24. ^ Ernst Flath: Local history and history of Schönheide, Schönheiderhammer and Neuheide , Schönheide o. J. (1909), p. 191 Digitized in the State and University Library Dresden
  25. ↑ Ernst Flath: Local history and history of Schönheide, Schönheiderhammer and Neuheide , Schönheide o. J. (1909), p. 184 Digitized in the Dresden State and University Library
  26. ↑ Gottfried August Arndt: Archive of Saxon History , 2nd part. bey Weidmanns Erben and Reich, Leipzig 1785, p. 382 digitized
  27. ^ Ernst Flath: Local history and history of Schönheide, Schönheiderhammer and Neuheide , Schönheide o. J. (1909), p. 252 Digitized in the State and University Library Dresden
  28. ^ New alphabetical index of places of the Kingdom of Saxony. Compiled according to official reports by the Central Committee of the statistical association for the Kingdom of Saxony . With the most gracious privilege granted. Verlag der Waltherschen Hofbuchhandlung. First division A.–L. Dresden 1836, p. 30 digitized
  29. ↑ Ernst Flath: Local history and history of Schönheide, Schönheiderhammer and Neuheide , Schönheide o. J. (1909), p. 5 Digitized in the State and University Library Dresden
  30. ^ Ernst Flath: Local history and history of Schönheide, Schönheiderhammer and Neuheide , Schönheide o. J. (1909), p. 281f. Digitized in the State and University Library Dresden
  31. ↑ Ernst Flath: Local history and history of Schönheide, Schönheiderhammer and Neuheide , Schönheide o. J. (1909), p. 169 Digitized in the Dresden State and University Library
  32. ↑ Monument number 08957050, Saxon monument list on Sachsen.de (cannot be accessed directly, enter in the search mask: Straße der Einheit, Schönheide), accessed on April 28, 2018
  33. ↑ Möckel's address and information books: Schönheide , Möckel-Verlag, Leipzig 1894, p. 24 ( digitized in the Dresden State and University Library )
  34. ↑ Möckel's address and information books: Schönheide , Möckel-Verlag, Leipzig 1894, p. 14 ( digitized in the Dresden State and University Library )
  35. ↑ Ernst Flath: Local history and history of Schönheide, Schönheiderhammer and Neuheide , Schönheide o. J. (1909), p. 294 ( digitized version in the Dresden State and University Library )
  36. ↑ Ernst Flath: Local history and history of Schönheide, Schönheiderhammer and Neuheide , Schönheide o. J. (1909), p. 300 ( digitized in the Dresden State and University Library )
  37. ↑ Concept on gemeinde-schoenheide.de , accessed on May 2, 2018
  38. ^ Address book for the Schwarzenberg public administration, Auer Druck- und Verlagsgesellschaft, Aue (Saxony) 1926, p. 821 ( link to the digitized version in the Dresden State and University Library )
  39. ^ Siegfried Sieber (Red.): The mining landscape of Schneeberg and Eibenstock (= values ​​of the German homeland . Volume 11). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1967, p. 107.
  40. ↑ Freie Presse - regional edition Aue from November 1979 ( copy on the website of the Schönheide volunteer fire brigade ), accessed on May 5, 2018
  41. ↑ The local. Telephone book for Aue and the surrounding area, Eibenstock and Schönheide, March 2016 edition, Telefonbuch-Verlag, Chemnitz 2016, p. 233ff.