Schönau (Wutha-Farnroda)

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Schönau
Wutha-Farnroda municipality
Coordinates: 50 ° 56 ′ 39 ″  N , 10 ° 25 ′ 45 ″  E
Height : 232-470 m above sea level NN
Area : 7.83 km²
Residents : 553
Population density : 71 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : April 14, 1994
Postal code : 99848
Area code : 036921
map
Location of Schönau in Wutha-Farnroda
View from the east of Schönau
View from the east of Schönau

Schönau (before 1994 officially Schönau (near Eisenach) , even earlier Schönau ad Hörsel ) is a district of the municipality of Wutha-Farnroda in the Wartburg district in Thuringia with around 553 inhabitants. The district of Deubach has belonged to the district since the 1950s .

geography

The district borders on Kahlenberg in the north, the districts Kälberfeld and Sättelstädt of the municipality Hörselberg-Hainich in the east, Seebach in the south, Farnroda in the southwest and Wutha in the west .

South of Schönau in the Deubach district are the Kambühl ( 453.6  m above sea level ) as the highest elevation, as well as the Fuchsberg ( 437.7  m above sea level ) and the Eichberg ( 364.9  m above sea level ).

Schönau lies on the south bank of the Hörsel . The Deubach flows through the district , an orographic left tributary of the Hörsel and a body of water of the 2nd order according to the Thuringian Water Act . It has a length of 3.9 kilometers, rises at the upper end of Deubach on the northwest slope of the Kambühl and flows north of the place into the Hörsel.

history

The place was first mentioned in 1247 in connection with a castle Kahlenberg in the neighboring village of Kahlenberg, it was founded by the Lords of Wangenheim . The Wangenheim property ( Wangenheim court ), which was later combined to form the Wintersteiner administrative and judicial district, comprised six Waldhufendörfer south of the Hörselberge, it was the castle and village of Winterstein , the villages of Kahlenberg, Fischbach, Kälberfeld and Sondra as well as Schönau. There were further rights and possessions in Fischbach , Sättelstädt , Wolfsbehringen and Oesterbehringen as well as the Heßwinkel and Hütscheroda farms . Family divisions, inheritances and pledges left a large number of documents that were the basis for an extensive family chronicle of the Wangenheimers in the 19th century. From these documents it is also clear that the town of Schönau has been a shared property of the Lords of Uetterodt and the Wangenheimers since 1458 , and that the Burgraves of Kirchberg ( Lordship of Farnroda ) had also acquired goods and property rights in the place.

The Hörselberg Museum in Schönau
The Schönau Church
The former school
The donkey fountain on the village green is a popular meeting point
The domicile of the Schönau fire brigade

The rulership and living conditions in the village of Schönau around 1775 are described by Johann Georg August Galletti as Gotha historiographer in his history and description of the Duchy of Gotha

Most of the fields are on mountains, so the ground is gravel and sandy, and only the flax compensates the poor. The meadow wax is all the more excellent. (...) The place, which consists of 29 houses (...) the inhabitants live partly from agriculture, partly from work for daily wages. There are some craftsmen among them - 2 wagons, 2 horn turners, 1 blacksmith, 1 linen weaver, 1 cloth and bag maker, 2 millers. The courts are divided in that 7 houses are subordinate to the Lords of Utterodt zum Scharfenberg, 1 to the Burgrave of Kirchberg as Lords of Farrnroda, and the rest, however, to different Lords of Wangenheim of the Winterstein tribe.

The Uetterodts had bought the Scharfenburg and associated places in 1442 , but in 1446 the Saxon fratricidal war also devastated these possessions, the Scharfenburg was besieged and was then a ruin, so a “permanent house” was built in the local area as a new official and residence. Wangheim's share in the village of Schönau was ceded to the Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha in 1840 . The ütterodtschen places were subordinated directly to the duchy as early as 1837. An administrative reform in 1869 led to the creation of the district court district of Thal, which included the wangenheim, uetterodt and hopfgarten splinter estates and exclaves in the west of the duchy. From 1918 to 1920 the office of Thal and thus also Schönau belonged to the Free State of Gotha . From 1922 Schönau belonged to the Eisenach district . On April 7, 1945, at the end of the Second World War , the place was occupied by US troops, which were replaced on June 3, 1945 by the Soviet occupying forces . Schönau became part of the Soviet occupation zone and later the GDR . On July 1, 1950, the previously independent municipality of Deubach was incorporated into Schönau; the north located Kahlenberg rejected the incorporation successfully. From 1961 agriculture was collectivized in Schönau as well . In addition to the agricultural cooperative, there have been individual agricultural companies again since the 1990s.

On April 14, 1994, the community of Schönau (near Eisenach) was incorporated into Wutha-Farnroda, after the local council had approved a majority on July 7, 1993.

Culture and sights

  • Today's Schönau village church is the third place of worship in the town. The late Romanesque village church built on the Kirchwiese near the Hörsel was repeatedly damaged by floods, so it was decided to give up the church there and find a more suitable location for the new building. But this second half-timbered church was only a short episode because it suffered some damage from storms and the Thirty Years' War. The sums of money and building materials collected by the villagers allowed the construction of a massive church in 1689 that corresponded to the village image, whereby the baptismal font and other components of the previous churches were also taken over. A village school opened on site as early as 1658.
  • The Protestant Peter and Paul Church in the Deubach district is the oldest building in Deubach. The former pilgrimage chapel received its present form in the 18th century.
  • The Hörselberg Museum is located in a listed building next to the Schönau Church, the old school and the rectory. The local history museum shows the geology , fauna and flora of the Hörselberg region with changing focuses , explains the famous caves of the Hörselberg mountains and karst phenomena in the nature reserve , it is also dedicated to researching the legends and myths of the Hörselberg mountains. The permanent exhibition includes a mineral collection and an extensive collection on the baking trade. A special feature is the communal oven, which is used several times during the year and is operated by the Schönau bakers.

Economy and Infrastructure

  • State road L 3007, which was part of federal road 7 until 2010, runs through Schönau . The closest motorway junction to the A4 is about six kilometers east of Sättelstädt .
  • The Thuringian Railway crosses the village and offers a stopping point .
  • Schönau (with Kahlenberg and Deubach) is served on weekdays on line 152 of the Wartburgmobil transport company.
  • The Thuringian chain of cities along the Hörsel , which is of national importance, leads through Schönau .
  • The Schönau cogeneration plant, which was shut down in 2015, is located on the western edge of the town; it primarily supplied district heating to the Mölmen prefabricated building area in Wutha and was originally connected to Seebach via a district heating pipe .
  • Schönau has a petrol station, a kindergarten ("Hörseltalzwerge") and a watermill on the Hörsel, used as a sawmill and technical exhibition system, as well as several companies and businesses.
Stop at Schönau (Hörsel) (2019)

Personalities

literature

Web links

Commons : Schönau  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Official topographic maps of Thuringia 1: 10,000. Wartburgkreis, district of Gotha, district-free city of Eisenach . In: Thuringian Land Survey Office (Hrsg.): CD-ROM series Top10 . CD 2. Erfurt 1999.
  2. ^ Thuringian State Institute for the Environment (ed.): Area and waterway key figures (directory and map). Jena 1998. 26 pp.
  3. ^ Friedrich Hermann Albert von Wangenheim, Regesta and documents on the history of the Wangenheim family , Vol. I Hanover 1857, Vol. II Göttingen 1872
  4. ^ Friedrich Hermann Albert von Wangenheim, Contributions to a family history of the Barons von Wangenheim (..) on the basis of the previous two document collections , Huth Göttingen 1874. Digitized edition of the University and State Library Düsseldorf
  5. ↑ Verkehrsgesellschaft Wartburgmobil - regional transport offers and current timetables from June 1, 2019