Slit-leaved sun hat
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Slit-leaved coneflower ( Rudbeckia laciniata ) |
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| Rudbeckia laciniata | ||||||||||||
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The laciniate coneflower ( Rudbeckia laciniata ), or slit sheet Rudbeckia called, is a plant from the genus of Rudbeckia ( Rudbeckia ) within the family of the daisy family (Asteraceae). It is common in North America and some varieties are used as ornamental plants .
description
Vegetative characteristics
The slit-leaved coneflower grows as a perennial herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 50 to 300 centimeters. Long rhizomes are formed as persistence organs with fibrous roots. The stem is bare.
The alternate leaves are usually divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. The smooth or hairy leaf blade is simple or one to two- pinnate . The leaflets are three to eleven times lobed . The leaf margin is smooth to roughly serrated. The lower leaves are 15 to 50 inches long and 10 to 25 inches wide. The upper leaves are 8 to 40 centimeters long and 3 to 20 centimeters wide.
Generative characteristics
The flowering period extends from July to September. Two to 25 cup-shaped partial inflorescences stand together in umbrella-clustered total inflorescences . The flower heads, which have a diameter of 7 to 15 centimeters, stand on long stems. 8 to 15 irregularly arranged, leaf-like, smooth to hairy bracts have a length of up to 2 centimeters and usually a ciliate border. The inflorescence base is almost spherical to conical. The chaff leaves are 3 to 7 millimeters long.
In a flower basket there are eight to twelve ray-flowers (ray-flowers) and 150 to over 300 tubular-flowers (disc-shaped flowers). The golden-yellow ray-flowers are 1.5 to 5 centimeters long and 4 to 14 millimeters wide and are later turned back. The yellow to yellowish-green (olive-green) tubular flowers are 9 to 30 millimeters long and 10 to 23 millimeters in diameter, with yellow corolla lobes 3.5 to 5 millimeters long. The style branches have a length of 1 to 1.5 millimeters.
The 3 to 4.5 millimeter long achenes have a crown-shaped or four up to 1.5 millimeter long scales consisting of pappus .
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 36, 38, 54, 72 or 76.
Occurrence and use
The slit-leaved coneflower is native to Canada and the United States, and is particularly common in the east. As an ornamental plant , it is often cultivated in filled forms in gardens . In Europe it ran wild in various countries. Except in Europe, the species is a neophyte in China and New Zealand.
In Germany, the slit-leaved coneflower has been growing wild since around 1830 and is considered a naturalized neophyte . It inhabits the perennial communities on the banks of flowing water and riparian forests . It occurs particularly in the societies of the order Convolvuletalia. In Saxony-Anhalt , the slit-leaved coneflower is classified as problematic for riparian herbaceous vegetation . In eastern Saxony , especially in the valleys of the Großer Röder and some tributaries, a special shape with green tubular flowers has developed, which is known as the real Rödertal flower . The occurrences are decreasing.
Systematics
Rudbeckia laciniata belongs to the section Macrocline Torrey & A.Gray in the genus Rudbeckia L.
There are five varieties within the species Rudbeckia laciniata L .:
- Rudbeckia laciniata var. Ampla (A.Nelson) Cronquist : It is native to the western Great Plains .
- Rudbeckia laciniata var. Bipinnata Perdue : It thrives at altitudes of 10 to 300 meters in the US states of Connecticut , Massachusetts , New Hampshire , New Jersey , New York, Pennsylvania , Delaware and Maryland .
- Rudbeckia laciniata var. Humilis A.Gray : It thrives at altitudes of 70 to 1500 meters.
- Rudbeckia laciniata var. Heterophylla (Torrey & A.Gray) Fernald & BGSchubert : It is only known from Levy County .
- Rudbeckia laciniata L. var. Laciniata
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literature
- Lowell E. Urbatsch, Patricia B. Cox: Rudbeckia. : Rudbeckia laciniata , p. 49 - online with the same text as the printed work , In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico , Volume 21 - Magnoliophyta: Asteridae (in part): Asteraceae, part 3 , Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford, 2006, ISBN 0-19-530565-5 . (Sections Description and Systematics)
- Herbert Weymar: Buch der Korbblütler , Verlag J. Neumann-Neudamm, Melsungen, 2nd edition 1966.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Rudbeckia laciniata L., Schlitzblatt-Rudbeckie. In: FloraWeb.de.
- ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 926-927 .
- ↑ USDA data sheet.
- ↑ Distribution in Europe by A. H. Fitter, HJ Peat, 1994, The Ecological Flora Database , J. Ecol. , 82, pp. 415-425.
- ^ A b Rudbeckia laciniata in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
- ↑ kortina (ed.): Species list. Rudbeckia laciniata - slit-leaved coneflower. at kortina.info . ( Memento of the original from October 10, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Accessed October 7, 2014.
Web links
- Slit-leaved sun hat . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
- Profile and distribution map for Bavaria . In: Botanical Information Hub of Bavaria .
- Rudbeckia laciniata L. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved April 27, 2016.
- Thomas Meyer: Sun hat data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia ).