Schweizerbach (Rems, Lorch)

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Schweizerbach
Main line section
sequence : Wettenbach → (Mutlanger) Haselbach → Tannbach → Waldauer Bach → Schweizerbach
Other large upper reaches:
(Alfdorfer) Haselbach, Mühlbach
The Schweizerbach between the village of Haselbach and Maierhofer Sägmühle

The Schweizerbach between the village of Haselbach and Maierhofer Sägmühle

Data
Water code DE : 2383652
location Schurwald and Welzheimer Wald

Baden-Württemberg

River system Rhine
Drain over Rems  → Neckar  → Rhine  → North Sea
Supreme source of the Haldenbach in the Alfdorf hamlet of Adelstetten
48 ° 50 ′ 34 ″  N , 9 ° 45 ′ 35 ″  E
Source height over  485  m above sea level NHN 
secondary line source of the Haldenbach
muzzle from right and north into the Rems coordinates: 48 ° 47 ′ 41 ″  N , 9 ° 42 ′ 57 ″  E 48 ° 47 ′ 41 ″  N , 9 ° 42 ′ 57 ″  E
Mouth height about  285.5  m above sea level NN
Height difference about 199.5 m
Bottom slope about 18 ‰
length 11.2 km 
from the main line - Q. d. Wettenbach
3 km 
from Zsfls. Waldauer Bach / Mühlbach
Catchment area 28.1 km²
Medium-sized cities Schwäbisch Gmünd
Small towns Lorch
Communities Mutlangen , Alfdorf

The Schweizerbach , also popularly known as Haselbach , is an 11 km long tributary of the central Rems from the Welzheimer Wald , which flows from the right and north at Lorch . The Haselbachtal through which it runs is a local recreation area .

The Rems has another left tributary called Schweizerbach from the Schurwald of similar size on the lower reaches of Weinstadt .

Naming

The name Schweizerbach is not popular in the vernacular . The name could come from the fact that doorkeepers have been called Swiss since the 17th century . This is supported by the fact that the lower course of the brook is known as the Schweizerbach, i.e. the section on which the customs stations between Württemberg and the free imperial city of Schwäbisch Gmünd were located. Another possible explanation is the transfer of the Swiss profession , this time understood as the name of the cattle herder, to the area and stream. The fact that the river mainly flows on or near the borders between a total of four municipalities, which at one time also belonged to different rulers, could also have contributed to the disagreement in the naming - in its valley the main stream of the brook has four different names, the source brook on the plateau around Mutlangen another: Wettenbach → (Mutlanger) Haselbach → Tannbach → Waldauer Bach → Schweizerbach.

geography

Tributaries and course

The Schweizerbach has its own very extensive system of tributaries. The main arms are:

  • Waldauer Bach with the upper course Haselbach (from Mutlangen) and the tributaries Tannbach, Buchfeldbach, Maibach
  • Haldenbach
  • Haselbach (from Alfdorf) with the Eisenbach tributary
  • Mühlbach with the tributary Brecherbach
  • Haselbach (from Großdeinbach), he gave the popular local recreation destination Haselbachtal its name. As can be seen in this list, this stream name occurs twice as the upper course name and one more time as the upper course section name. Another Haselbach can also be found a few kilometers to the west as an inlet of the downstream Rems tributary Walkersbach .

Sidearm is that

  • Mühlkanal to the Seemühle. This branch in the lower area flows independently between the Mühlwiese and Schafwiese channels and below the main branch into the Rems.

There seems to be anything but agreement as to where the “Schweizerbach” has its starting point. The name is entered on maps at different tributaries. In the upper reaches there are also several small tributaries with the name Haselbach . According to the Geoportal Baden-Württemberg , the Schweizerbach arises from the confluence of the Mühlbach and Waldauer Bach at the Brucker Sägmühle at 302.6  m above sea level. NN ⊙ three kilometers from the mouth.

The map server of the State Institute for the Environment, Measurements and Nature Conservation lets the main strand of the Schweizerbach (11.2 km in length) just a few meters north of Mutlangen in the Gewann Erlenäcker or Wasserstall next to the Mutlanger Spraitbacher Straße north bypass at about 459  m above sea level. NN arise where the stream is immediately fed to the road drainage. ⊙ This corresponds to the successive uphill lengthening of the lower reaches at each upper fork, always on the branch with the richer catchment area and thus to the hydrologically common definition of the so-called main line. (In this case the branch with the richer catchment area is always the longer one.) The creek initially flows under the name Wettenbach for one kilometer in a southerly direction, then bends in the center of Mutlangen to the west and, as Haselbach, quickly falls into the Gewann Halde after the outskirts Valley down. There it unites with the left Maibach (at 370.9  m above sea level ) and then the right Tannbach before a short valley direction, whose name it then bears in the next section of the run, takes the right again a few hundred meters after it in the forest Buchfeldbach , passes the Mutlang sewage treatment plant and meanders in natural turns below the Tannwald to the floodplain Pfauwiese , where it joins the Haldenbach , which flows in from the right and north.

The Haldenbach itself rises in Adelstetten at about 485  m above sea level. NN below the former castle ⊙ and in its soon-to-be-set southern Waldklingental takes on sources that flow in from the open slope below Pfersbach , where a former castle is also shown. From the edge of the forest of Flurgewanns Eigen south of Adelstetten, other longer streams flow into the Haldenbach, some of them through trained blades , the last one also feeds two ponds and at a swampy point from the right and north flows into the Tannbach just before its own mouth.

After the confluence with the Haldenbach, the Schweizerbach flows for about a kilometer on the valley floor, where it is accompanied by a meadow band , to the Haselbach residential area , where it is 329.2  m above sea level. NN in the Gewann Mühlwiesen the next larger stream flows from the north.

The Haselbach flowing out here seems to be the most important namesake for the area, as both a parcel, as well as the town and valley, bear the name. It rises in the Gewann Bürlenshalde south of the Alfdorf district of Bonholz at almost 450  m above sea level. NN . ⊙ It initially flows in a south-easterly direction and by then it already takes on several unnamed streams and joins in the Gewann Bronnhalde , after about half its length, with the Eisenbach , which at the Utzenhalde in several springs to over 450  m above sea level. NN rises and flows southwards below the Haselbacher Rains .

The water, called Waldauer Bach from here on, flows further west, takes a brook from the left forest slope down cattle pasture and gets reinforcement at the Maierhofer Sägmühle by a brook that its dendritically branched spring valley between Maierhof in the east and Schölleshof in the west into the Alfdorfer Plane intersects. The Schweizerbach turns slowly in a southerly direction, takes up a brook from the Säuklinge and joins a few meters south of the Brucker Sägmühle at 302.6  m above sea level. NN with the Mühlbach to the Schweizerbach .

The Mühlbach digs its tributary valley far into the Pfahlbronn-Alfdorfer plateau. Its eastern sources arise west of Alfdorf just a few hundred meters from those of the Haselbach, the northern ones at the very top of the Black Jura step edge close to the center of the Pfahlbronn settlement , the center of which is at heights of and over 480  m above sea level. NN is built, while the westernmost sources of the Brecher Bach arise in the winter dump near Pfahlbronn and are only a few hundred meters away from the sources of the neighboring Götzenbach . With the Schiller grotto in the Annaklinge , in the Gewann Herrenhau , there is another destination for hiking enthusiasts in this valley. This sandstone formation is located about a kilometer north of the Lorch district of Bruck , not far from the Schelmenklinge in the Götzenbachtal on the other side.

The Schweizerbach already flows south from its confluence, absorbs smaller streams from the Kellerklinge and Hessenwald and receives a tributary into the Gewann Schweizersee through another branch of water, which is also called " Haselbach " on the maps and its longest arm on the southwest edge of Großdeinbach in Gewann Hagwiesen rises. Shortly after the inlet of this last Haselbach in the water system, the Mühlkanal is divided off to the Lorcher Seemühle, which turns more towards the west, passes the Große Reute and between Mühlwiese and Schafwiese one after the other crosses the former federal road 29 (today K 3313) and the Remstalbahn and opposite Goldwasen flows into the Rems.

The main arm itself continues close to the eastern slope of the valley, where it takes in several small streams, passes the guard house and, like the Mühlkanal, also crosses the K 3313 road and the Remstalbahn, about 500 m further east between two sports fields on both sides in the floodplain River to flow into the Rems .

Catchment area

The catchment area covers 28.1 km². It extends from Mutlangen in the northeast over the villages of Alfdorf on the Black Jura plateau in the north, initially to the west. At the opposite foot of the plateau, the Lein träger runs eastwards to the upper Kocher , which only reaches the Neckar well below the Rems . Then the watershed turns south on the Brucker Kamm of the Pfahlbronn-Alfdorfer plateau, behind it Götzenbach and finally the nearer Ilgenbach to the downstream Rems.

In the southeast, the Rems tributaries from Rotenbach to Deinbach , then less significant tributaries in the Schwäbisch Gmünder urban area, then the Wetzgauer Bach limit the catchment area. Eastern competitor is a right upper reaches of the Gmünder Sulzbach .

Localities

The main line Wettenbach → (Mutlanger) Haselbach → Tannbach → Waldauer Bach → Schweizerbach of the Schweizerbach flows through or touches the boundaries of

Geology and landscape

The springs originate almost all in the transition area between the Lower Jurassic -Hochebene to Pfahlbronn and the underlying Upper Keuper layers. The brook system then digs itself steeply into the Keup layers and mostly forms the forest blades typical for this step edge.

fauna and Flora

There are several types of orchids (two-leaf, forest bird and orchid). Sedges and rushes as well as marsh marigolds grow in the ponds and artificially created pools for amphibians , and water hose and frog bites have also been spotted. There are numerous orchards at the valley exit and near the hamlets. Above the valley, on the Alte Brucker Steige , some sequoias were planted from royal Württemberg seeds, seven of which have survived. The mixed forests, which for the most part belonged to the possessions of the Lorch monastery , are very species-rich, many types of bushes thrive on the edges of the forest, such as hawthorn , buckthorn , dogwood , elderberry species, alder and various willows and poplars , while on the heights Many larches have been planted in the Halde area . The fauna is quite diverse. In the creek there are cuttlefish, caddis flies, stone flies and other aquatic insects. Brown trout and Mühlkoppen feed on them . Among the mollusks, river cap snails, pond clams and pea clams are particularly noteworthy. Dipper and kingfisher are regular guests, while gray herons also nest in the surrounding woodland. The dense forests are also home to snipes and different species of birds of prey, day and night, breed regularly, not to mention the diversity of songbirds. Occasionally, shrike even appear . Mammals are represented by bank mice, wood mice, shrews, moles, dormice, squirrels, martens, foxes, badgers, rabbits, deer and various bat species.

history

In the valley of the Schweizerbach, view down the valley to the Maierhofer Sägmühle

The Upper Germanic-Raetian Limes ran around the Gewann Schweizersee during Roman times . Later, the Schweizerbach marked the border between Lorch in Württemberg and the free imperial city of Schwäbisch Gmünd . Until recently, the guard house , which is currently being demolished (2014), as well as the Söldhaus in Gmünder residential area Haselbach next to the hamlet of the same name Haselbach von Alfdorf reminded of this. In the Haselbachtal there used to be at least four mills - the Maierhofer and the Brucker Sägmühle, the Haselmühle and the Seemühle - but they have not been in operation for decades. The extensive forest use is made clear by land area names as Kilbenwiesen where earlier trunk sections (in dialect: "Kilben") were stored, or coke , where probably a Koehler was Blazed. At least four castles used to be located on the upper valley cuts of the Schweizerbach upper reaches.

Schiller grotto

The Schiller Grotto in the Annaklinge was opened up for tourism early on, when Lorch was still a climatic health resort and local recreation destination for the people of Stuttgart. According to legend, a girl named Anna was kept hidden from lustful French soldiers there during the Napoleonic Wars . Friedrich Schiller , who spent a few years in Lorch as a child, was named after the grotto.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Height according to the contour line image on the background layer Topographic map of the online map server of the State Institute for the Environment, Measurements and Nature Conservation Baden-Württemberg (LUBW). See the →  web links .
  2. ↑ a b c d Height according to the blue lettering on the background layer Topographic map of the LUBW's online map server.
  3. ↑ a b Length according to the water network layer ( AWGN ) of the LUBW's online map server.
  4. ↑ Catchment area added up from the sub-catchment areas according to the basic catchment area (AWGN) layer of the LUBW's online map server. The catchment area of ​​the Mühlkanal of the Seemühle, which flows independently, is not included here; If you count it, about another 0.6 km² would be added.
  5. ↑ Height after black lettering on the background layer Topographic map of the LUBW's online map server.

literature

  • Topographical map 1: 25,000 Baden-Württemberg, as single sheet No. 7124 Schwäbisch Gmünd North and No. 7224 Schwäbisch Gmünd South

Web links

Commons : Schweizerbach (Rems)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wiktionary: Swiss  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations