Schwetzingerstadt / Oststadt

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Schwetzingerstadt / Oststadt
City of Mannheim
Coordinates: 49 ° 28 ′ 55 "  N , 8 ° 28 ′ 29"  E
Area : 4.41 km²
Residents : 22,385  (Dec. 31, 2015)
Population density : 5,076 inhabitants / km²
Postal code : 68165
Area code : 0621
Friedrichsplatz with water tower
Reich Chancellor Müller Strasse
Karl-Reiss-Platz with the sculpture Mannheimer Himmelskugel by Dr. Mo Edoga on the back of the Mannheimer Kunstverein

Schwetzingerstadt / Oststadt is a district in Mannheim , which is directly east of the city center. It is made up of the districts of Schwetzingerstadt and Oststadt. The border between the two districts is marked by Seckenheimer Straße. The Schwetzingerstadt lies south, the Oststadt north of it.

history

Schwetzingerstadt

The Schwetzingerstadt district, formerly also known as "Schwetzinger Vorstadt", adjoins the city ​​center to the southeast of the Kaiserring . In the area of ​​Burgstrasse, the Zollburg Rheinhausen ⊙ already stood on the then course of the Neckar in the early Middle Ages . This lost its importance when the Neckar changed its course around 1275 after a flood and no longer flowed south but north of Mannheim into the Rhine. It was later converted into an estate or a mill. Burgstrasse, Rheinhäuser Strasse, Krappmühlstrasse and Windmühlstrasse are a reminder of this.

At the time of the electors, the area was still open, but the area was densely built up in the course of industrialization . In 1840, as a forerunner of the Mannheim main station, the terminus of the Baden main line was built not far from the city center. After its end, the Tattersall riding hall followed between 1884 and 1910 , a large brick building after which the location is still called "Tattersall" today. Not far from there, in the area of ​​today's Heinrich-Lanz-Strasse, was the location of the agricultural machinery factory founded by Heinrich Lanz (“Lanzsche Fabrik”, later Heinrich Lanz AG ). For reasons of space, it was relocated to the neighboring Lindenhof district from 1888 and taken over by John Deere in 1956 .

After the major damage caused by World War II was repaired, a residential area with a lively cultural and bar scene has now developed there.

East town

The Mannheim Oststadt connects to the Schwetzingerstadt to the north, in the east the eastern Riedbahn beyond the Luisenpark forms the border to Neuostheim , in the north the Neckar.

As early as 1872, planning began for the city-owned site following the inner city between Schwetzingerstadt and Neckar up to what was then the eastern boundary of the district with a competition and further plans. But then the development of other areas of the city seemed more urgent. The completion of the Mannheim water tower in 1889 on the edge of the city center reminded the Oststadt again. Plans for a first section as a metropolitan residential area with spacious streets and building blocks with a 60 m wide main street (later Augustaanlage ) with two avenue streets as crossings and diagonals were included, as well as for the green area of ​​the Lower Luisenpark.

Filled, but still undeveloped streets at the water tower

Since the Oststadt site was significantly lower than the intended street level, excavation began in 1892 to fill the streets as dams. In 1897 the Obere Luisenpark was founded. The plans for the development on the edge of Friedrichsplatz were also made before 1900. The Park Hotel was completed there in 1901, the Rosengarten in 1903. Since the need for villa spaces had increased at a distance from Schwetzingerstadt and its simpler population, the area north of the Augustaanlage had to be developed Priority. Therefore, the fallow area immediately south of the Augustaanlage was ideal for the art and horticultural exhibition, which was held in 1907 on the occasion of the city's three-hundredth anniversary. The further development of the low-lying Oststadt area was quite complex due to extensive level control and fillings. The expansion of the Oststadt in the former “Kuhweide” district east of Otto-Beck-Straße did not take place until the 1920s.

In the nights of bombing during the Second World War , the Oststadt did not suffer as much damage as other parts of the city due to its lower density of buildings, so that today it is a popular residential area with a predominantly affluent population with its inventory of old villas and houses from the Wilhelminian era .

The avenue-like axis of the Augustaanlage, which is one of the main entry and exit roads in the city, runs through the east of the city. The Augustaanlage is named after the German Empress and Queen of Prussia , Augusta von Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach , after whose daughter, Luise Marie Elisabeth von Prussia , Grand Duchess of Baden , the Mannheimer Luisenpark is named. Many companies have their representative headquarters on the Augustaanlage and its side streets.

politics

Schwetzingerstadt / Oststadt is one of the six inner city districts. According to the main statute of the city of Mannheim, each city district has a district advisory council, which includes 12 residents who are appointed by the local council according to the results of the local council election. They are to be heard on important matters that affect the municipality and advise the local administration and committees of the municipal council.

Political party 2019 2014 2009 2004 1999 1994
GREEN 4th 2 3 2 1 2
CDU 2 3 4th 5 7th 5
SPD 2 3 3 3 3 4th
Mannheim list 1 1 1 1 1 1
left 1 1 - - - -
AfD 1 1 - - - -
FDP - 1 1 1 - -

Attractions

Most of Mannheim's sights are located in the Schwetzingerstadt / Oststadt district.

The Friedrichsplatz with its Art Nouveau-style gardens marks the gateway to this part of the city, which was built up and expanded in the wake of the large industrial exhibition in 1907. In the middle rises the Mannheim water tower , the symbol of the city. On the south side of the square there is the municipal art hall and symmetrically to it on the north side the concert and congress center Rosengarten.

The churches of the two major denominations also rise almost symmetrically to the north and south of the square at some distance: The Protestant Christ Church was built on Werderplatz until 1911 in the neo-baroque style with Art Nouveau elements. Its dome has a height of 65 m. To the south rises the Catholic Church of the Holy Spirit in neo-Gothic style.

Further north of the Neckar, the new building of the National Theater was built on Goethestrasse in the 1950s . The apartment house Collini-Center was built directly on the Neckar , one of the tallest skyscrapers in Baden-Württemberg. Behind the theater begins the Luisenpark , which is the largest city park in Mannheim with 41 hectares. It was laid out in 1903 and expanded for the Federal Garden Show in 1975. The telecommunications tower is located between Luisenpark and Neckar . At 212.8 meters, it is the tallest building in the city.

Among the many villas in the eastern part of the city, the Lanzvilla from 1913 is particularly noteworthy, which the manufacturer Karl Lanz had built as the largest private house in Mannheim, based on the model of French baroque castles.

At the east end of the Luisenpark, the Carl Benz Stadium was built for Bundesliga soccer games.

The Mannheimer Kunstverein is located at the eastern end of the Augustaanlage out of town . In the transition from the Augustaanlage to the B 37 expressway to the A 656 to Heidelberg , there are the Baden-Württemberg Administrative Court , the Technoseum and the Planetarium on Friedensplatz.

traffic

The Schwetzingerstadt can be reached by tram lines 1, 6, 6A, 8 and 9. Due to the central location of the Stadtbahndepot-Mitte on the southern edge of Schwetzingerstadt, additional trams of the E lines run in early and late traffic, which are then added to their regular routes and the associated line numbers. Thus, especially in the morning and evening hours, the direct connection between Schwetzingerstadt and other parts of the city is possible without changing.

The Oststadt is touched to the northeast by line 5 (formerly OEG ), which runs along the Neckar. Furthermore, the Oststadt can be reached by bus routes 60 and 63 (occasionally 64) from "Lanzvilla" . Public transport in the urban area is operated by RNV .

Both parts of the city also have good cross-regional connections by train and car, via the main train station on the northwestern edge of Schwetzingerstadt and via the central Augustaanlage access road via the B 37 and A 656 to the Mannheim motorway junction and the A 6 .

literature

  • Ferdinand Werner : Mannheim villas. Architecture and home decor in the squares and the east town . With contributions by Andreas Schenk and Tobias Möllmer = contributions to Mannheim architecture and building history Volume 6. Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft, Worms 2009. ISBN 978-3-88462-289-6

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ City of Mannheim: Population 2015 in small-scale breakdown. (PDF 679 kB) Statistical data Mannheim № 1/2016. March 30, 2016, p. 5 ff. , Accessed on April 6, 2016 .
  2. ↑ Ferdinand Werner , Andreas Schenk: Mannheimer Villen: Architektur und Wohnkultur in den Quadrats und der Oststadt , Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft, Worms, 2009, ISBN 978-3-88462-289-6 , p. 104 ff. ( Limited preview in Google Book search).
  3. ↑ MARCHIVUM: street names, Augustaanlage. Retrieved August 27, 2018 .
  4. ^ Main statute of the city of Mannheim. (PDF 234 kB) VII. City districts and district councils, § 22. City of Mannheim, April 28, 2009, p. 10 , accessed on April 10, 2018 .
  5. ↑ SessionNet | City of Mannheim District Advisory Board Schwetzingerstadt / Oststadt. Retrieved November 5, 2019 .

Web links

Commons : Schwetzingerstadt / Oststadt  - collection of images, videos and audio files