St. George and Mauritius Church

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
St. George and Mauritius Church in Flemhude

The St. George and Mauritius Church of the parish of Flemhude in the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Northern Germany is a medieval stone church .

history

The parish of Flemhude is mentioned for the first time in a document from 1316 in which the Counts of Schauenburg and Holstein Gerhard III. and Johann III. Holstein divided among themselves. Like the neighboring churches of Westensee and Bovenau, the church itself was probably built soon after the Battle of Bornhöved (1227) . It originally stood on a headland extending into the Flemhuder See . Community members from Gut Groß-Nordsee came to church by boat. The construction of the Kiel Canal lowered the water level of the lake by almost seven meters, so that the church is no longer directly on the water.

The Georg-und-Mauritius-Kirche was probably founded by Flemish traders who transported their goods on the Eider and stored them at this point - probably in the attic of the church - and reloaded them on wagons for onward transport to Kiel . This assumption is supported not only by the place name Flemhude , the landing place of the Flemings, but above all by the patronage of Saint Mauritius, otherwise unknown in Schleswig-Holstein . As the patron saint of dyers and drapers, this saint was particularly popular with Flemish draperies. In addition, he was especially venerated by nobles and knights. The second patronage, the knight saint Georg , was probably added when the lords of Gut Quarnbek took over the church patronage in the 14th century . The Hamburg cathedral chapter was responsible for the spiritual supervision .

The introduction of the Reformation in Flemhude is associated with Magister Johannes Jüngling (1466–1539) from Hesse . The young man is said to have been court preacher to Duke Friedrich auf Gottorf until 1507 and then spent 20 years in Flemhude, initially as a Catholic priest. From the year of birth of his son of the same name, who later became the organist in Bovenau, 1522, it can be concluded that he had become Lutheran and married twenty years before the Schleswig-Holstein church regulations came into force in 1542. In 1527 he moved to Bovenau as a Protestant preacher. He is the great-grandfather of the cartographer Johannes Mejer through his granddaughter Elisabeth Jüngling . After his departure there is a gap of 60 years in the preacher list.

During the Thirty Years' War , the church and town were occupied by imperial troops for two years. The church lost almost all of its interior. Then it deteriorated more and more. In the second half of the 17th century, the then patron, Hans Heinrich Kielman von Kielmansegg († 1686), a son of Johann Adolph Kielmann von Kielmannsegg , donated a new interior including the altar and organ. The exterior of the church, however, became more and more dilapidated, despite regular patchwork. Around 1700 the original side entrances were replaced by a west portal, which was soon closed again. In 1718 a storm partially crushed the north wall. In the following years part of the inventory - including the confessional (!) - was stolen. In 1765, the then owner of Gut Quarnbek, Jean Henri Desmercières (1687–1778), had the church completely renovated. The church received a new copper- clad roof and the rococo stucco ceiling as well as the roof turret over the west portal. The roof turret is said to have been designed by Sonnin .

After the French had used the church as a stable for horses in 1813, a major renovation took place in 1826/28, during which the church received a new floor, new chairs and a new pulpit. The in 17./18. Century created lodges the owner of the goods Quarnbek, United - new and small North Sea , Schwartenbek , Marutendorf and block Hagen were placed on a level with the new gallery and were partially own access from the outside.

Medieval wall painting on the north wall: Flagellation of Christ

During the renovation in 1908, the medieval wall painting was rediscovered. The rest of the church was painted with tendrils, the wooden parts were painted dark and stained glass was used in the windows.

In 1931 Theodor Pinn became the pastor of the congregation. He created new church offers and turned against the Tannenbergbund , which was very active in the district . From mid-1933 he spoke out against the synchronization of the church in the National Socialist state and against the falsification of Christian teaching by the German Christian faith community . In October 1933 he became a member of the emergency and Association of Schleswig-Holstein pastors (NAG) and joined the Pastors to. Pastor Pinn was arrested several times, expelled from Schleswig-Holstein in April 1937 and put into temporary retirement on January 1, 1938. His successor Herbert Eydam was also a member of the Confessing Church . In 1946, Pinn returned to Flemhude, but only stayed until 1948. His successor Johann Schmidt called the Flemhude Theological Conference into being, which served a theological rethinking of pastors and vicars after the Nazi era and the war and - albeit soon no longer in Flemhude - until 1990 duration. Among other things, talks with rabbis took place during these conferences .

In 1947 the painter Friedrich Missfeldt provided the cassettes of the gallery balustrade with a total of nine depictions of prophets, apostles and the resurrection of Jesus, as well as two text panels. In 1962 the church was renovated again. Missfeldt's picture cycle was painted over. The old tombstones were also removed from the central aisle of the church. The windows on the altar wall were bricked up and the west entrance restored. The gallery and the manor boxes except for the Klein-Nordseer Stuhl were torn down, the seats were replaced by modern benches and everything was painted light. The stained glass windows were removed again and the walls plastered white except for the medieval mural.

Construction and inventory

View of the altar - to the right of the altar the door to the Desmercières crypt, next to the pulpit the entrance to the Ahlefeldt chapel

The Flemhuder Church is a rectangular hall church with a flat ceiling. The hewn fieldstone walls, the spaces between them filled with plaster of paris and small stones, were not very stable and required frequent repairs. The windows are narrow and ogival. The two front windows were enlarged in 1826. The ceiling has rich rococo stucco decorations. On the north wall there is a medieval wall painting depicting the flagellation of Christ.

inventory

The oldest inventory is the baptism made of Gotland limestone from around 1250, from which the cup has been preserved. After the kuppa stood on a wooden base for a long time, which was probably one of the oldest pulpit in the church, it has had a limestone base from the church of Kleinjörl since 1987 . The baptismal bowl was donated by Hans Heinrich Kielman von Kielmansegg and his first wife Metta von der Wisch , after whom today's Kiel district of Mettenhof is named.

In the 16th century the church received its first pulpit, of which only the simple wooden base is preserved today. Today's classicist pulpit based on a design by Axel Bundsen dates from 1828.

The wooden altar structure was donated by Hans Heinrich Kielman von Kielmansegg in 1685. It is one of the earliest works by Theodor Allers . Allers, who later worked as a stone sculptor in the service of the Gottorf Duke, is considered a master of acanthus baroque in Schleswig-Holstein and also created the very similar altars in the churches of Tellingstedt and Probsteierhagen as well as the pulpit of the Nikolaikirche in Kiel . The two-storey complex shows in the main picture Jesus in the Garden of Gethsemane and above Ecce Homo , the suffering Christ. The banner in the central cornice bears the inscription “Vere languores nostros ipse tulit et livore eius sanati sumus” - Verily, he bore our illness and through his wounds we are healed ( Isa 53,4f  EU ). The main picture is framed by depictions of the virtues Caritas and Fides .

Funerary chapels

The northern extension was built in the pre-Reformation period. This room, originally used as a sacristy , was sold to the Quarnbeck landowner Johann von Ahlefeldt in 1707 and converted into a tomb. In the cellar there are two sarcophagi from the Ahlefeldt family from 1754. The burial chapel for Jean Henri Desmercières, in which his sarcophagus is located, was built in the south-east corner of the church in 1778/79. Next to the door to the crypt on the altar wall, a memorial plaque donated by the Reußenköge community and their sewer associations and created by Jörg Plickat was installed. Old gravestones have been preserved in the upper room of the former Ahlefeldt Chapel and in the anteroom.

Bells stack

Bell tower

The church has a free-standing bell stack with two bells.

organ

The first organ was donated to the church by von Kielmansegg in 1685. In 1838 it was replaced by a Marcussen organ. Since 2013 the church has had a new Beckerath organ with 20 sounding registers . The patronage for the new organ was in the hands of the actor Axel Milberg . The disposition is:

I Manual C-g 3
Principal 8th'
Double flute 8th'
Octave 4 ′
recorder 4 ′
Pointed fifth 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Super octave 2 ′
third 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
Mixture III
Trumpet 8th'
II Manual C-g 3
Gedact 8th'
Fugara 8th'
Violin principal 4 ′
flute 4 ′
Flageolet 2 ′
Fifth 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
oboe 8th'
Pedal C – f 1
Sub bass 16 ′
Principal 8th'
Gedact 8th'
Octave (from I) 4 ′
trombone 16 ′
Trumpet (from I) 8th'

Pastors

Well-known pastors of the church were:

literature

  • Hartmut Beseler: Art Topography Schleswig-Holstein. Neumünster 1974, p. 626f.
  • Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments . Hamburg, Schleswig-Holstein. 3rd, revised and updated edition. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-422-03120-3 , pp. 761f.
  • Hermann Kobold: The St. Georg and Mauritius Church in Flemhude. Flemhude 1989.

Web links

Commons : St. George and Mauritius Church (Flemhude)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Kobold: The St. Georg and Mauritius Church in Flemhude. P. 5f.
  2. ^ Adalbert Josef Herzberg: The holy Mauritius. A contribution to the history of the German worship of Mauritius . Schwann, Düsseldorf 1936 ( Research on Folklore 25/26, ISSN  1860-3408 ), (Reprint: ibid 1981, ISBN 3-590-32203-9 ). , P. 98.
  3. ↑ Kobold: The St. Georg and Mauritius Church in Flemhude. P. 19 f.
  4. ↑ Otto Fri Arends: Gejstligheden i Slesvig og Holsten fra reformations til 1864 . Copenhagen 1932 Volume 1, pp. 416f.
  5. ↑ Johann Melchior Krafft : Husumian two-hundred-year church history . 1723, p. 150f
  6. ^ A new organ for Flemhude , p. 5 (pdf), accessed on September 17, 2017.
  7. ↑ Kobold: The St. Georg and Mauritius Church in Flemhude. P. 45f.
  8. ↑ Gerlind Lind: "A strong castle is our God" - in memory of Pastor Theodor Pinn . In: Message from the Flemhude parish. Issue 173 September October November 2013, pp. 16–18, p. 17 (pdf, accessed on October 23, 2017)
  9. ↑ Gerlind Lind: "A strong castle is our God" - in memory of Pastor Theodor Pinn . In: Message from the Flemhude parish. Issue 173 September October November 2013, pp. 16–18, p. 18 (pdf, accessed on October 23, 2017)
  10. ↑ List of BK pastors in Schleswig-Holstein 1938 (pdf, accessed on October 23, 2017)
  11. ↑ Ursula Gell: The Flemhuder Theological Conference. In: News from the Flemhude parish. Issue 165, December 2011, p. 17 ( kirche-flemhude.de PDF; 1.0 MB).
  12. ↑ Torsten Müller: Precious pictures rediscovered . In: Kiel News . January 7, 2013 (accessed October 23, 2017)
  13. ↑ A new organ for Flemhude
  14. ↑ Entry on orgbase.nl

Coordinates: 54 ° 19 ′ 21 ″  N , 9 ° 58 ′ 8.4 ″  E