St. Pankratius (March-Holzhausen)

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St. Pankratius in Holzhausen

St. Pankratius is the Roman Catholic parish church of Holzhausen , a district of the municipality of March im Breisgau . Together with the churches of the three other districts of March, namely Buchheim, Hugstetten and Neuershausen, it belongs to the March pastoral care unit of the Archdiocese of Freiburg .

Konrad Stürtzel in a glass painting in Freiburg Cathedral
Baptismal font with the coat of arms of Harsch and Haitzmann

history

The village of Holzhausen - the name derived from "House of Holtwulf" - is mentioned for the first time in the Lorsch Codex for the year 849. In the 14th century it belonged to the Schnewlin von Landeck family . In 1491 David von Landeck sold it along with other possessions, including Buchheim, to Konrad Stürtzel , the chancellor of the Habsburg Archduke Siegmund . In 1488, with confirmation in 1491, Stürtzel was ennobled as "Stürtzel von Buchheim". Holzhausen was thus an Austrian fiefdom . In 1604 it came to the Upper Austrian Chancellor Andreas Harsch († before 1612), with whose descendants parts of the village remained until the late 19th century. But the margraves of Baden-Durlach also had rights and duties in Holzhausen, the cause of friction that was exacerbated by the difference in denominations (Front Austria Catholic, the Margraviate Protestant ).

An “ecclesia seu capella Holtzhusen” is first documented in the files of the Diocese of Constance for 1362. It was a branch of the parish of the Assumption in Umkirch . Already earlier, namely in 1275, a pastor is mentioned in “Buhswil”, the now-vanished settlement of Buchsweiler , north of Holzhausen on the road to Bottingen . In 1606 Andreas Harsch had the church in Buchsweiler renovated. At that time it was dedicated to Saint Adelphus of Metz , also called Adolf in the village tradition, and to Pelagius . It fell into disrepair and was demolished soon after 1790.

The first church in Holzhausen, parts of which have been preserved, was built between 1471 and 1472. In 1504, at the request of Konrad Stürtzel, the Bishop of Constance separated Holzhausen from Umkirch and made it a separate parish. In 1614 Conrad Harsch, brother and heir of Andreas, and his wife Anna Haitzmännin donated a baptismal font . In 1681 damage from the wars of the 17th century was repaired. In 1687 the current rectory was built. This was followed by a decade-long legal battle over funding. In 1776 the church was dilapidated, the roof structure "mostly quite rotten". Again there was an argument. In the General State Archives in Karlsruhe there are about four thousand pages of files, "relating to the construction of the church and rectory ... in Holzhausen and the errors between Baden, Austria and the Bishop of Constance (1713–1788)". The margrave's representative was Goethe's brother-in-law Johann Georg Schlosser , who was accused of having "used very insulting expressions against the very highest monarch" - meaning Empress Maria Theresa . In 1780–1781 the church was re-listed by the Freiburg architect Johann Gaißer (1733–1817), including the old tower and the north wall of the nave, and was consecrated in 1782 by the Constance Auxiliary Bishop Wilhelm Joseph Leopold von Baden († 1798) . St. Pankratius and Apollinaris of Ravenna became patrons of the main altar, St. Joseph of Nazareth was patron of the left side altar, and St. John Nepomuk was patron of the right side altar . In 1814 Simon Göser painted the fourteen Stations of the Cross . In 1869 the interior of the church was renovated under Pastor Andreas Schill (1835–1913; Pastor in Holzhausen 1868–1878). In 1879 the cemetery, previously around the church, was moved to the road to Neuershausen . In 1988, warm air heating was installed in the church, after which the church was restored until 1996. The pastor at the time Michael Lerchenmüller (* 1930) accompanied the construction work archaeologically. In 1999 the church received a new celebration altar and in 2002 a new organ.

Layout
Inside to the east
Inside to the west

building

The church stands on the western edge of the village, on the high place of the former cemetery, which is surrounded by a thick stone wall like a fortified church . "As if on a 'ladder to heaven', the worshipers climb the stairs to the churchyard from the village." The tower in the northeast corner consists of three floors under a roof with a stork's nest. On the east side, the tower saddle roof has a dormer in which the tower clock with the large dial is housed. The two lower floors only have slits in the wall as windows, the top one has pointed arched windows with fish bubble tracery . The ship is a hall with three flat arched windows on each side. The choir to the east is closed polygonally. Red corner pilasters divide the rest of the whitewashed exterior. Three small ox-eye-like windows open in the west wall . The keystone of the main portal bears the year "1779". The ship covers a flat ceiling with a surrounding stucco profile. Two pillars support an organ gallery. The two eastern corners of the nave on either side of the choir arch are rounded. This and the inclination of the two side altars create a suction in the direction of the choir. "The spatial concept had already been introduced into the Breisgau by the Teutonic Order Building Director Caspar Bagnato with his pioneering Merdinger village church building (1738/41)."

Furnishing

The war victims memorial (erected in 1769) with a stone crucifix by Franz Xaver Anton Hauser (1712–1772), who married in the church, commemorates the cemetery .

The stucco dress of the interior includes the profile strips of the ceiling and decorations on the parapet of the organ gallery and above the windows, in the choir with religious symbols. Hermann Brommer attributed it to the Freiburg plasterer Johann Joseph Meisburger . On the choir ceiling, a round painting, perhaps by the Kenzingen painter Dominikus Riesterer (* 1756) , depicts Abraham's willingness to make sacrifices ( Gen 22.1-19  EU ): God had ordered Abraham to sacrifice his son Isaac , but he sent him as Abraham wanted a ram as a replacement.

The altars are “masterpieces of late Baroque altar architecture”. The carpenter Thomas Hechinger (1742–1790) from Oberhausen created them in collaboration with the sculptor Matthias Faller , from whom or whose workshop the statues probably came. The mission of the congregation was for “tastefully crafted choir stalls, confessionals, angels and cherubs , the three altars themselves, the pulpit with the symbols and the good shepherd , and finally the communicants' benches”. The main altar on the back wall of the choir and the sloping, somewhat simpler side altars leading to it harmonize. Six angels play at each, four at the height of the tabernacle and two next to the excerpt . The high altar is flanked by Saints Peter and Paul . The main picture, signed by Johann Pfunner in 1780, shows Maria immaculata in heaven, received without the blemish of original sin , a wreath of stars around her head, standing on a crescent moon, with a snake at her feet ( Rev. 12.1  EU ). A globe below shows the fall of man in grisaille tones . Right and left, Apollinaris and Pankratius pray for their congregation, the Bishop Apollinaris with pictures of the Holy Family on his cope , Pankratius with a burning heart in his hand. The upper picture, by an unknown hand, shows St. Francis Xavier , who as a missionary carries a colored boy in exotic clothes on his shoulder and looks up to his role model, Jesus as the good shepherd ( Jn 10.11  EU ).

  • Altars

  • Left side altar

  • Peter from the high altar

  • High altar

  • Paul from the high altar

  • Right side altar

The main pictures of the two side altars, of Nazarene style, probably replaced baroque paintings during the renovation in 1869. You are "C. Remerlein, Vienna ”signed. The left shows the death of St. Joseph, whom Jesus and Mary stand by and God the Father awaits in heaven. The one on the right shows Nepomuk being pushed from Charles Bridge into the Vltava . The upper pictures of the side altars are still baroque. The left shows Mary Magdalene with a skull and an ointment vessel, the right shows St. Charles Borromeo .

On the south wall of the choir there are figures of Saints Joseph and Pankratius on consoles.

At the top of the pulpit's sound cover is Jesus as the good shepherd, as instructed by Hechinger. Underneath are the "symbols" - namely the symbols of the four evangelists, the man of Matthew , the lion of Mark , the bull of Luke and the eagle of John . All four symbols used to denote Holzhauser inns.

  • Way of the Cross

  • Jesus before Pilate

  • Veronica gives Jesus the handkerchief

  • Jesus dies on the cross

  • Jesus in his mother's womb

  • Jesus in the grave

In 1870, according to Andreas Schill, "the beautiful Way of the Cross, once donated by the Harsch family, a masterpiece, was refraiched and framed". Göser signed it on the back of the 12th station, “Jesus dies on the cross”. Göser painted the stations “with grace, dignity and colors of exquisite taste, which often begin in the most delicate tones”.

The baptismal font bears the year “1614” as well as the coats of arms and initials of the founders C [onrad] H [arsch] and A [nna] H [aitzmännin].

View of the organ

The organ was built in 2001 by the Freiburg organ building company Spaeth. The instrument has 16 stops on a manual mechanism and pedal. Several stops of the manual (main work) can be played on the second manual via alternating loops.

I Manual C-g 3
not swellable
1. Principal 8th'
in the general sill
2. Bourdon 8th'
3. Wooden flute 8th'
4th Salicional 8th'
5. Lament 8th'
6th octave 4 ′
7th flute 4 ′
8th. Fifth 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
9. Doublettee 2 ′
10. third 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
11. Mixture IV 2 ′
12. Basson-Hautbois 8th'
II alternating loops from I C – g 3
Bourdon 8th'
flute 8th'
Salicional 8th'
Lament 8th'
octave 4 ′
flute 4 ′
Fifth 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Doublet 2 ′
third 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
Basson-Hautbois 8th'
Pedals C – f 1
13. Sub bass 16 ′
14th Octave bass 8th'
15th octave 4 ′
16. Trumpet bass 8th'
  • Coupling: II / I, II / II (sub-octave coupling), I / P, II / P

The church from 1471 already had a bell. A second generation of three bells was cast in 1756. One of the three had to be delivered in 1917 for the First World War , a second later broke up. A third generation of four bells followed in 1935, three of which fell victim to World War II . In 1960 the church received its current peal, four bells from the bell founder Friedrich Wilhelm Schilling .

Coat of arms on the rectory

Rectory

The present rectory was built in 1687. An extensive renovation took place from 1985 to 1986. The entrance is crowned by a sandstone coat of arms of the margraves of Baden-Durlach. The interior is distinguished by stucco and fine carpentry work. A small crucifixion group by Matthias Faller is kept here.

reception

“Like a parable of the heavenly Jesrualem , the St. Pankratius Church looks like a landmark over Holzhausen into the country. ... builders and artists worked hand in hand to create the total work of art of the village baroque church from a single source. "

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Thomas Steffens: On the history of Buchsweiler. In: Steffens (Ed.) 1995, pp. 367-380.
  2. ↑ Source: Hermann Brommer, Thomas Steffens: March. Rich in history and art. Kunstverlag Josef Fink, Lindenberg 2002, ISBN 3-89870-091-7 .
  3. ^ A b Franz Hundsnurscher: On the history of the parish of Holzhausen. In: Thomas Steffens (Ed.) 1995, pp. 209-224.
  4. ↑ a b c d Hermann Brommer: "God's House and Gate of Heaven": On the building history of the St. Pankratius Church and the rectory in Holzhausen. In: Thomas Steffens (Ed.) 1995, pp. 225-252.
  5. ↑ Brommer 2002, p. 12.
  6. ↑ Monsignor Michael Lerchenmüller: Crosses and statues in March-Holzhausen, Holzhauser Association for Culture & History (Ed.) 2011, p. 10
  7. ^ Hubert Meissburger: Origin and family of the Freiburg baroque master builder and stucco builder Johann Joseph Meisburger (Meißburger) . In: Schau-ins-Land 102, 1983, pp. 155-184.
  8. ↑ Brommer 2002, p. 15.
  9. ↑ Andreas Schill, cited in Brommer 1995, p. 233.
  10. ↑ Michael Lerchenmüller, web link.
  11. ↑ Photos of the four inns in Thomas Steffens (Ed.) 1995, pp. 88–89.
  12. ↑ Brommer 2002, p. 25.
  13. ↑ Information on the organ ( Memento of the original from August 5, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on the website of the organ builder @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / freiburgerorgelbau.de
  14. ^ Sigrid Thurm: Holzhausen. In: Bernhard Bischoff, Tilmann Breuer (Hrsg.): Deutscher Glockenatlas. Volume 4. Bathing. Deutscher Kunstverlag , Munich, Berlin 1985, pp. 231–232, ISBN 3-422-00557-9 .
  15. ^ Photo in Thomas Steffens (Ed.) 1995, after p. 204.
  16. ↑ Brommer 2002, pp. 31-32.

Web links

Commons : St. Pankratius  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 48 ° 4 ′ 15.8 "  N , 7 ° 47 ′ 44.5"  E