St. Peter and Paul (Oberammergau)
St. Peter and Paul , the Catholic parish church of Oberammergau in the Garmisch-Partenkirchen district ( Bavaria ), is an important example of the southern German Baroque . It was built in 1735–1749 according to plans by Joseph Schmuzer . The sculptures were created by Franz Xaver Schmädl , the pictures and frescoes by Matthäus Günther . The community belongs to the Archdiocese of Munich and Freising .
history
A pre-Romanesque predecessor church was probably built as early as the ninth century, possibly replacing an even older wooden church. At this time, the Welfe Ethiko withdrew with twelve companions to a life in a monastic community. In the Chronicon von Weingarten from the 12th century it is reported that Ethiko built a church in Ammergau. He and his colleagues are said to be buried here. In 1167, the Kempten monastery was given twelve courtyards with the right to present themselves through the church. In 1295 and 1362 they became the property of the Augustinian monastery in Rottenbuch . All pastors of Oberammergau can be completely documented from 1432 to the secularization of the monastery in 1802; they were all Augustinian canons .
The Oberammergau parish was founded in the 12th century by the Rottenbuch canon monastery, with which it remained pastorally connected until secularization. The first church was replaced by a Gothic building in the High Middle Ages . This had become so dilapidated at the beginning of the 18th century that the new baroque building was tackled.
Building description
The building is an east-facing hall church with a narrower, almost square choir and a high, polygonal , hood-crowned tower at the west end. Inside, the corners of the wall are rounded to form quarter circles. At the opening to the choir, these quarter circles continue upwards to form a concave triumphal arch . The choir is vaulted with a circular dome , the eastern part of the nave - the center of the entire building - with an oval flat dome. Here, like short transept arms, two side chapels are added to the hall on both sides , which, in conjunction with the dome, give the room aspects of a central building .
Furnishing
St. Peter and Paul is equipped with a main and four side altars, rich stucco work (Schmuzer), large ceiling and wall frescoes, pulpit and organ. Everything is executed in the perfect style of expressive late baroque sacred art. Thematically, the representations revolve around the passion of Christ as well as the martyrdom and the glorification of the church patrons Peter and Paul , with reference to the passion play tradition that was just one hundred years old when construction began . In addition, thanks to the foundations of the Oberammergau Rosary Brotherhood, founded in 1648, the motif of the rosary plays a role.
Altars
The middle picture of the high altar (Matthäus Günther) shows the Mother of God as a heavenly helper of those who ask for intercession and contribute gifts. It is replaced by a figure of the risen Christ during Easter and the Passion Play. The statues of the apostles Peter and Paul as well as the outside of St. Joseph and Joachim with their attributes are remarkable from the rich decoration and figural decorations of the altar structure (Franz Xaver Schmädl) . The Lamb of God is enthroned on the book with seven seals above the tabernacle .
The two side altars on the choir arch (Schmädl and Werkstatt) are dedicated to the theme of redemption through Christ's sacrifice on the cross. The left altar shows in a rare representation God's decision to salvation as an “inner conversation” of the Trinity . Saints Martin and Gregory the miracle worker appear at the side . The right altar shows Christ on the cross - this cross is considered to be the one in front of which the Oberammergau residents took their passion play vows in the year of the plague in 1633 - with Mary and John as well as the “good thief” Dismas and Mary Magdalene on the outside .
The altars in the side extensions (also by Schmädl) are dedicated to the Holy Kinship (left; altarpiece by Günther) and Saint Anthony of Padua (right; picture by Johann Jakob Zeiller ).
Frescoes
The frescoes (Günther) in the chancel take up the theme of the rosary: in the dome the presentation of the rosary to St. Dominic , on the walls Christ teaching the Our Father (left) and Mary receiving the angel's greeting (right).
The fresco of the central dome tells in a great composition the completion of the apostles Peter and Paul: Farewell in shackles in front of the Mamertine dungeon , execution on the inverted cross or by the sword and admission to the band of saints of the old and new covenants, the Christ and surround his cross.
The ceiling fresco above the organ gallery shows the view from the Confessio of St. Peter's Basilica over the papal altar with Bernini's bronze superstructure up to Michelangelo's dome.
organ
The organ was built in 1893 by GF Steinmeyer & Co. (Oettingen) as an initially two-manual instrument with 30 registers . The instrument was later expanded and today has 44 registers on three manuals and a pedal .
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literature
- Schnell & Steiner publishing house , Waldwasser: The parish church in Oberammergau , Schnell & Steiner publishing house in Munich and Zurich. Edited by Hugo Schnell, 1968
Web links
- Church guide (PDF; 1.1 MB)
Individual evidence
- ^ Offizin Schnell & Steiner, Waldwasser The parish church in Oberammergau Verlag Schnell & Steiner Munich and Zurich. Ed. Hugo Schnell, sixth edition 1968 page 4
- ↑ Information about the organ on orgbase.nl. Retrieved January 6, 2020 .
Coordinates: 47 ° 35 '46.3 " N , 11 ° 3' 58" E