Staggia Senese

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Staggia Senese
Staggia senese pano.jpg
Panorama from Staggia Senese
Country Italy
region Tuscany
province Siena  (SI)
local community Poggibonsi
Coordinates 43 ° 25 '  N , 11 ° 11'  E Coordinates: 43 ° 25 '25 "  N , 11 ° 10' 56"  E
height 168  m slm
Residents 2,129 (2001)
Telephone code 0577 CAP 53036

Staggia Senese is a district ( fraction , Italian frazione ) of Poggibonsi in the province of Siena , Tuscany region in Italy .

geography

Panorama of the village of Staggia Senese seen from the tower of the fortress
City wall and place (in front the front rondella )
Main tower (mastio) and front side tower (rondella) of the Rocca
The fortress seen from the outside

The place is the southernmost district of Poggibonsi , about 6 km from the main town. It is at 168 m in the Elsa Valley and borders on Lecchi di Staggia (also a district of Poggibonsi), Castellina Scalo , a district of Monteriggioni , and Colle di Val d'Elsa . The place is located on the eponymous river Staggia , on the Via Cassia and the Via Francigena . The city wall, which is still largely preserved today, with a height of seven meters (twelve Fiorentine Braccio) and twelve towers was expanded to its present size between 1260 and 1273 (and reinforced by Filippo Brunelleschi in 1373 and 1431 ) and was provided with three city gates: the Porta Nord-Ovest (north-west gate, also called Porta Fiorentina , still available today), the Porta Nord-Est (north-east gate, located below the fortress and still present today, also called Porta Lecchi ) and the Porta Senese to the south (Also called Porta Romana , was destroyed in 1944.) The name Staggia comes from the word Stajo (later Staio , in the plural referred to as Staja or Staia ), an old unit for weighing grain similar to the Star , which was on the market in the Middle Ages was applied near the fortress. The addition of the name Senese describes the earlier connection of the place with the city of Siena , which is about 15 km southwest.

history

The place was first mentioned as a Longobard settlement in the 9th century . The place was first mentioned in writing on June 23, 934 in a document from King Berengar II , who confirmed the possession of the territory around Monte Maggio (now part of Monteriggioni) to the head of the Soarzi family , Ildibrando figlio di Isalfredo The construction of the monastery in Badia a Isola (today part of Monteriggioni, only realized in 1001) is planned. In a document from 989, King Otto III confirmed . the property of the Soarzi. The place is also mentioned as a community with a castle belonging to it on April 29, 994 in a document in which Tigrimo di Ildibrando (also called Teuzzo , son of Ildibrando and his wife Ava Zanobi) his future wife Cesinderanda (also called Sinadra ) parts of the place and bequeathed further properties in other municipalities. In 1137 the Soarzi put the place under the protection of the Republic of Siena. Already eight years later, acts of war began when Siena was defeated by Florence on Monte Maggio. However, due to the intervention of the Guidi , Staggia Senese remained in the Senese sphere of influence. After the military conflict between Siena and Florence in 1260 at Montaperti (won by Siena) the previously small city wall of Staggia was expanded by the lords of Siena in 1273 and raised to seven meters, other sources speak of an expansion in 1273 by the Fiorentines after the battle of Colle (1269, won by Florence).

After staying in France with Philip IV , Guido della Foresta from the Franzesi family (with possessions in Florence, Figline Valdarno and San Gimignano ) became the residents of Siena and in 1295 acquired them with his three sons Albizzo (also called Riccio ), Musciatto and Niccolò Fortress of Staggia Senese and other properties in Florence, Fucecchio and on the Piazza del Campo in Siena. After an intrigue against Pope Boniface VIII and the bankruptcy by Niccolò de 'Franzesi and the subsequent death sentence and the death of Albizzo, the remaining brother tried to approach the Republic of Siena. To this end, he handed over parts of the castle of Trequanda to Siena. After the visit of Henry VII , however, he changed his mind and again sought connection to Florence, which he supported in the battles of Altopascio (1325) and Pistoia (1341). In 1360 a peace treaty between Florence and Siena was signed in the tower of Staggia Castle. From 1361 or 1373 the place finally passed to Florence, who strengthened the city walls in 1373. These were reinforced by the decree of the Council of Florence of February 15, 1431 by the workers of the cathedral of Florence under the supervision of Filippo Brunelleschi.

In 1476/77 the place was besieged by Siena in advance of the Pazzi conspiracy , but could not be captured. After the conspiracy, Staggia Lorenzo il Magnifico served as a base to recapture the towns of Barberino Val d'Elsa , Castellina in Chianti and Rencine (district of Castellina in Chianti). In the conflict with Siena, which led to its defeat in 1555, the Rocca served as a base from 1553 to conquer Monteriggioni and clear the way to Siena.

On March 25, 1563, the Confraternita di Misericordia di Staggia Senese (Brotherhood of Mercy) was founded, making it one of the oldest voluntary organizations in Italy. In 1833 the place had 633 inhabitants. After 1555 the castle fell into insignificance and fell into disrepair. The first plans for restoration were drawn up in 1997. The work was completed in 2006 under the direction of Domenico Taddei, and the castle has been open to the public again since 2007.

Attractions

The church of Santa Maria Assunta in the center of Staggia Senese
The church Chiesa della Misericordia on the left of Santa Maria Assunta
The church of Santa Lucia a Bolzano in Case Bolzano
  • Rocca di Staggia Senese , castle in the town center.
  • Chiesa di Santa Maria Assunta , first mentioned church and pieve in 994 . Was restored in 1904 and 1952.
  • Chiesa della Misericordia , Church of the Misericordia in Staggia Senese, which was built in the 15th century and is on the left side of the Church of Santa Maria Assunta. Was restored in 1928.
  • Museo della Pieve di Staggia (also Museo Pala del Pollaiolo ) is located on the right side of the Chiesa di Santa Maria Assunta at Piazza Grazzini 4. It was opened in 1976. The main work is the panel painting Maddalena comunicata dagli Angeli (also called Assunzione di Santa Maria Maddalena ) by Antonio Pollaiuolo (created around 1460, 209.5 × 166.2 cm). Also contains the works Adorazione dei Magi by Francesco Botticini (late 15th century), Visitazione (1574) by Giovanni Maria Butteri (* 1540 - 4 October 1606), and Cristo in Pietà by Arcangelo Salimbeni (1579).
  • Santa Lucia a Bolzano (also Santa Lucia a Bolsano ), church in the Località Case Bolzano approx. 1 km east of Staggia Senese. The church was mentioned in 1446 by Pope Eugene IV .

Culture

traffic

The former Staggia Senese stop on the Siena-Empoli railway line
  • The place is on variants of the historic Via Cassia and Via Francigena streets .
  • Staggia Senese had a stop on the railway line Siena-Empoli of the Ferrovia Centrale Toscana. This is no longer served today.

literature

Web links

Commons : Staggia Senese  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Toscana.
  2. ↑ Official website of the ISTAT ( Istituto Nazionale di Statistica ) for the districts 2001 in the province of Siena, accessed on November 4, 2017 (Italian)
  3. ↑ Valdelsa.net website on Staggia Senese , accessed on November 4, 2017 (Italian)
  4. ^ Domenico Taddei: La Rocca di Staggia Senese. P. 51 ff.
  5. ^ A b Emanuele Repetti: STAGGIA in Val d'Elsa.
  6. ^ Domenico Taddei: La Rocca di Staggia Senese. P. 55.
  7. ^ Repetti, after Actum Senis in palatio Musciattorum in Concistoro Dominorum Novum of April 26, 1310
  8. ^ After Repetti on October 27, 1361 bought by decree of the Council of Florence with 18,000 Fiorino d'Oro ; after Taddei only happened in 1373
  9. ↑ Official website of the Confraternita di Misericordia of Poggibonsi , accessed on November 4, 2017 (Italian)
  10. ↑ Il Tirreno to the Chiesa di Santa Maria Assunta in Staggia Senese, accessed on November 6, 2017 (Italian)
  11. ↑ Il Tirreno on the Chiesa della Misericordia in Staggia Senese, accessed on November 6, 2017 (Italian)
  12. ↑ Toscana Oggi website for the Museo della Pieve di Staggia , accessed on August 6, 2011 (Italian)
  13. ^ Website of the DBI (Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani) on Giovanni Maria Butteri , accessed on August 5, 2011 (Italian)
  14. ↑ Musei Online for the Museo Pala del Pollaiolo , accessed on November 6, 2017 (Italian)
  15. ^ Emanuele Repetti: S. Lucia a Bolsano. In: Dizionario Geografico Fisico Storico della Toscana (1833–1846). (Online edition of the University of Siena, accessed October 31, 2017, in Italian)
  16. ^ Website of the Fondazione Bano - Palazzo Zabarella in Padova on Telemaco Signorini , accessed on August 7, 2011 (Italian)
  17. ↑ website of Artifigurative to András Markó , retrieved (Italian) 7 August 2011
  18. ↑ Website Ademollo, Carlo the Dictionnaire Biografico degli Italiani Carlo Ademollo accessed on 6 August 2011 (Italian)
  19. ^ Website of the DBI (Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani) on Francesco Saverio Altamura , accessed on August 6, 2011 (Italian)
  20. ^ Website of the DBI (Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani) on Lorenzo Gelati , accessed on August 6, 2011 (Italian)
  21. ^ Website of the DBI (Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani) on Serafino De Tivoli , accessed on August 6, 2011 (Italian)
  22. ^ Website of the DBI (Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani) on Alessandro La Volpe , accessed on August 6, 2011 (Italian)
  23. ↑ Firenze-Oltrarno website for the Galleria d'Arte Moderna in the Palazzo Pitti in Florence , accessed on August 5, 2011 (Italian)