Tadeusz Stefan Zieliński

Tadeusz Stefan Zieliński

Tadeusz Stefan Zieliński , also Theodor Zielinski , pseudonym Eheu (* September 2, ^July / September 14,  1859 ^greg. In Skryptschynzi near Uman ; † May 8, 1944 in Schondorf am Ammersee , Upper Bavaria ) was a Polish cultural historian , classical philologist , professor of the universities in Petersburg and Warsaw and member of the Polska Akademia Umiejętności .

Life

He was the son of Franciszek Zieliński and Ludwika Grudzińska. As a student, he attended the German grammar school of St. Anna in St. Petersburg from 1869–1876 . In the following years, 1876–1881, he studied at the universities of Leipzig , Munich and Vienna . In 1880 he received his doctorate and habilitated in St. Petersburg in 1884, where he became a lecturer at the chair for Greek language.

In 1887 he took over the management of the chair in connection with his nomination as associate professor . In the same year he obtained his doctorate in philosophy at the University of Dorpat (now Tartu in Estonia ) with his dissertation The Structure of the Old Attic Comedy . In 1890 he received the title of full professor . From 1906 to 1908 he was dean of the Faculty of History and Philology at the University of St. Petersburg. In addition, he lectured on the life and work of the Polish writer Adam Mickiewicz in courses for women. 1914–1916 he was chairman of the Polish School Council in St. Petersburg.

In 1920 he moved to the University of Warsaw, where he took over the chair of Classical Philology II and where he was appointed honorary professor in 1935 . Although Alexander Turyn took over the chairmanship, Zieliński continued to give lectures in classical philology, ancient culture and religious studies until the outbreak of World War II .

He also carried out scientific research in the field of archeology and philology in Italy, Greece, Spain and South Africa, among others. In 1922 he carried out a research trip to Italy.

After the German attack on Poland and the subsequent bombing of Warsaw, in which his rich library and the manuscript of his last work on the religions of the ancient world were burned, Zieliński moved with his daughter Weronika († 1942) to Schondorf am Ammersee in November 1939, where at this point his son, Dr. Feliks Zieliński (1886–1970), teacher at the local high school for natural history, lived there. Tadeusz Zieliński died on May 8, 1944 at the age of 84 and was buried in the local cemetery on May 11, 1944, where previously his daughter, Amata (Ludmila) Faddejewna Zielińska (1888–1967), the wife of the historian and Byzantinist Vladimir Nikolayevich Beneschewitsch , was buried, and where later his son also found his final resting place.

Membership and Awards

In 1907 he became a member of the Polska Akademia Umiejętności in Kraków and in 1933 the Polska Akademia Literatury . He was also a member of the Warsaw Science Society since 1929 and the Lviv Science Society since 1920, an honorary member of the Petersburg Academy of Education since 1912 and the Poznańskie Towarzystwo Przyjaciół Nauk since 1923.

He was also a member of many other societies: Polskie Towarzystwo Filologiczne , Prussian Academy of Sciences , German Archaeological Institute in Rome , Institute of Etruscan Research in Florence , Bavarian Academy of Sciences , Academy of Athens , Russian Academy of Sciences , British Academy , Czech Academy of Sciences , Mediterranean Academy in Monaco.

In 1922 he was one of the founders of the Society for the Internationalization of the Latin Language and was its first chairman until 1939. He received an honorary doctorate from many universities, including the Jagiellonian University in Krakow , the University of Vienna , the University of Poznan , the University of Athens , the Masaryk University. University of Brno , Université Libre de Bruxelles , University of Paris , University of Groningen and University of Oxford .

He was awarded the orders of Komtur and Komtur with Star of the Polish Order Polonia Restituta and the Greek Order of the Phoenix II. Class .

In the 1920s, Tadeusz Zieliński was proposed several times for the Nobel Prize for Literature , but was never awarded.

Services

In his work he specialized in the history of ancient culture, Greek theater, religious studies and the Latin language. He created a monograph on the work of Sophocles ( Sofokles i jego twórczość tragiczna , 1928). He also took u. a. the Roman authors Plautus , Lucius Accius , Virgil , Horaz , Cicero ( Cicero through the centuries , 1897). On the basis of this research he brought out a four-volume religion świata antycznego ( World Religions of the Ancient World , 1921–1934), on which he worked almost until the end of his life. He also wrote the work Hellenism and Judaism (1928). In his work Ancient Literature Greece (1928) he also translated the works of the Greek authors into Russian. He dealt with the history of Greece and Rome in his cycle The Ancient World ( Starożytność bajeczna , 1930; Grecja niepodległa , 1933; Rzeczpospolita rzymska , 1935; Cesarstwo rzymskie , 1938).

Tadeusz Zieliński also dealt with the comparison of the development of European epics (as Zielinski's law is his still discussed assertion that the narrator of Homeric epics does not know any representation of simultaneous actions), in the course of this work he dealt with Ovid , Shakespeare , Pushkin , Adam Mickiewicz and Henryk Sienkiewicz .

Fonts (selection)

Autobiography

• Thaddäus Zielinski:  My curriculum vitae - first edition of the German original - and diary 1939–1944 . Edited and introduced by Jerzy Axer , Alexander Gavrilov and Michael von Albrecht. Lang, Frankfurt, M. [u. a.], 2012 (Studies in Classical Philology, 167), ISBN 978-3-631-63163-8 .

Tadeusz Zieliński has written over 900 papers, including:

• The fairy tale comedy in Athens (1885)
• Quaestiones comicae (1886)
• Cicero through the centuries (1897)
• Idea usprawiedliwienia, jej geneza i rozwój (The idea of ​​justification, its genesis and development, 1899)
• The treatment of simultaneous events in the ancient epic (1901)
• The Clausel law in Cicero's speeches (1904)
• Acting out the Clausel law in Roman art prose (1906)
• The constructive rhythm in Cicero's speeches (1914)
• Hermes Trismegistus (1920)
• Rzym i jego religia (Rome and its religion, 1920)
• Homeric psychology (1922, PDF )
• Chrześcijaństwo starożytne a filozofia rzymska (1921)
• Grecja. Budownictwo, plastyka, krajobraz (1923)
• L'Évolution religieuse d'Euripide (1923)
• Literatura starożytnej Grecji epoki niepodległości (1923)
• Reflets de l'histoire politique dans la tragédie grecque (1923)
• Tragodumenon libri tres (1925)
• De Auge Euripidea (1927)
• Rozwój moralności w świecie starożytnym od Homera do czasów Chrystusa (1927)
• Filheleńskie poematy Byrona (1928)
• Sofokles i jego twórczość tragiczna , (1928)
• Hellenism and Judaism (1928)
• Cleopatra (1929)
• Legenda o złotym runie (1972)

literature

• Biogramy uczonych polskich , Część I: Nauki społeczne, zeszyt 3: PZ (pod redakcją Andrzeja Śródki i Pawła Szczawińskiego), Ossolineum, Wrocław 1985.
• Mała encyklopedia kultury antycznej (pod redakcją Kazimierza Kumanieckiego, Kazimierza Michałowskiego i Lidii Winniczuk), Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, Warszawa 1990 (wydanie VII).
• Uwe Dubielzig (Ed.): Tadeusz Zieliński (1859–1944). Traces and evidence of his life and work from southern German holdings. Edited and explained by Uwe Dubielzig. Wyd. Naukowe Uniw. Mikołaja Kopernika, Toruń, 2009 (Xenia Toruniensia, 11), ISBN 978-83-231-2419-1 .
• Robert Zaborowski: Tadeusz Zieliński (1859-1944) i Wincenty Lutosławski (1863-1954). Próba porównania biografii (w 60. i 50. rocznicę i śmierci), in: Prace Komisji Historii Nauki, (ed.) A. Strzałkowski, t. 8, Polska Akademia Umiejętności, Kraków 2007, pp. 33-86.
• Robert Zaborowski: Tadeusz Zieliński (1859–1944) - sa vie et son œuvre in: Annales du Center Scientifique à Paris de l'Académie Polonaise des Sciences 12, 2009, pp. 207–222, (PDF) ( Memento of July 24, 2011 in the Internet Archive ).

Zielinski's law

• Jan-Mathieu Carbon: Zielinski's Law and its Validity: Towards a Narratonomy of Homeric Narrative . Master of Arts thesis, McMaster University 2003, online .
• RM Frazer: Hesiod's Titanomachy as an Illustration of Zielinski's Law , in: Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies 22.1, 1981, 1–9, online (PDF)
• Michael Reichel : Narratological Methods of Homer Research , in: Hildegard LC Tristram (Ed.): New Methods in the Research of Epic - New Methods of Epic Research. Gunter Narr, Tübingen 1998 (ScriptOralia, 107), 45-61, online
• Ruth Scodel : Zielinski's Law Reconsidered , in: Transactions of the American Philological Association 138.1, 2008, 107-125, online .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Wlodzimierz Appel: Ulrichs von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff's tomb in Wymyslowice (after a few years) , in: Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik 100 (1994) 427–430, there 429–430 (PDF; 903 kB)

Web links

Wikisource: Tadeusz Zieliński  - sources and full texts

Commons : Tadeusz Stefan Zieliński  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Literature by and about Tadeusz Stefan Zieliński in the catalog of the German National Library
• Wilt Aden Schröder : Biogram of Tadeusz Stefan Zieliński in the scholarly historical prosopography of the Teuchos Center
• Biography , Library of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Russian)