Theodor Schloepke
Friedrich Theodor Julius Schloepke (born March 6, 1812 in Schwerin ; † January 13, 1878 ibid) was a German painter and illustrator .
Life and family
Theodor Schloepke was born as the son of the Schwerin Palace Church organist Johann Carl Hermann Schloepke (1775–1823) and his wife Anna Agnete Christiane, née. Schumacher (1782–1819), born. He was orphaned at an early age and therefore grew up with his uncle, the Schwerin lending librarian Schloepke.
On May 17, 1841, Schloepke married Josephine Feliciane Eliza Lodoiska, born in Berlin. Roza (1814-1874). The marriage resulted in three children, the daughter Alexandrine Ernestine Pauline Ludovica Wilhelmine, born in 1842, the son Friedrich Franz Richard, born in 1845, and the youngest son, born in 1847, who died that same year.
Seriously ill since his wife's death, Schloepke died at the age of 65 and was buried in the old cemetery in Schwerin.
Son Friedrich Franz Richard (1845-1896) joined the Navy of the North German Confederation in the late 1860s . He later served in the Imperial Navy as first officer on the SMS Stosch and became port captain in Wilhelmshaven with the rank of corvette captain .
Act
Theodor Schloepke was a versatile painter. He painted history pictures, portraits, war scenes, humorous representations, landscapes and pictures of horses.
After the conformation , Schloepke began an apprenticeship as a bookbinder . Only a little later, however, the talented young man devoted himself to painting and began an apprenticeship as a decorative painter with Michaelsen in Schwerin. He received his first professional drawing and painting lessons in 1830 at the Sunday school for advanced training for industrial apprentices , led by Georg Adolph Demmler and founded by a Masonic lodge , at which Gaston Lenthe also taught. After he had finished his apprenticeship as a decorative painter, he moved to Ludwigslust, where he first painted small portraits on ivory and pictures of horses. From 1836 to 1840 he went to Potsdam and Berlin to study in the studios of Wilhelm Ternite and Franz Krüger , who had a strong influence on him. He then returned to Schwerin, where he became a member of the Association of Artists and Friends of Art in Schwerin . This was followed by study visits to Paris and Versailles from 1846–1848 and 1855–1857 , where he refined his artistic skills as a student of Horace Vernet .
In addition to his numerous portraits, including a well-known portrait of Fritz Reuter , his monumental painting Niklots Tod in Schwerin Castle is particularly well known. Schloepke painted his main work on behalf of Grand Duke Friedrich Franz II and spent two years in Paris to carry it out, where his friend Horace Vernet assisted him in an advisory capacity. The monumental history picture was shown at numerous exhibitions after its completion. The highlight of this was the exhibition at the World Exhibition in London in 1862 .
In the winter of 1874/75, Schloepke, who was accompanied by his daughter Alexandrine, went to Italy for health reasons . There he created several landscape and architectural watercolors in Rome and Pompeii .
“Let us now turn to the two portraits that the court portrait painter Theodor Schlöpcke painted on behalf of the Grand Duke! You are destined to join the gallery division of famous Mecklenburg residents. One of these is the portrait of the poet, art lover and art connoisseur Baron Adolph Friedrich von Schack in Munich, the other a self-portrait of Schlöpcke. Both are life-size busts. In these achievements something higher is achieved than mere resemblance. Here the inner life is shown in the trains. The plastic elaboration of the facial features, especially in the case of the v. Schack's portrait is of rare perfection. The technical execution shows that warmth of the clay, which is very attractive. Schlöpcke deserves to include the best of the portrait painters living now. "
Selection of works
painting
- Ludwigsluster Palace, watercolor after a copper engraving by Christian Ludwig Seehas , around 1825
- The stable boy's joy , 1836
- Stable, gray mare with her rotbaunen Fill , 1845
- Castle views , series of watercolors of the old Schwerin Castle before the renovation, 1845
- Russian wagon of Grand Duke Friedrich Franz II., Horse- drawn calash in front of Schwerin Castle
- Windmill with post mill and chimney, drawing, around 1850
- The witches' ride to Blocksberg , 1853
- Niklot's death , 1855/57, State Museum Schwerin
- Portraits
- Painter Theodor Hosemann , around 1839
- Ferdinand Philippe d'Orléans and Helene d'Orléans , Paris 1847/48
- Oberhofbaurat Willebrand , 1850
- Grand Duke Friedrich Franz II., 1852
- Colonel Mecklenburg von Kleeburg (equestrian portrait), 1855
- Empress Eugénie , portrait commissioned by Napoleon III. for Saint-Cloud Castle , 1855–57
- Grand Duke Paul Friedrich of Mecklenburg-Schwerin , second life-size cardboard box for Schwerin Castle, stained glass realized by Ernst Gillmeister
- Grand Duchess Alexandrine of Mecklenburg-Schwerin , formerly Hohenzollern Museum in Monbijou Castle
- Fritz and Luise Reuter (watercolors), 1860 Fritz Reuter Literature Museum Stavenhagen
- Fritz Reuter (porcelain picture), 1860
- Georg Christian Friedrich Lisch , Grand Ducal Mecklenburg-Schwerin Archives Councilor, oil painting, 1865
- Fritz Reuter, 1866 Fritz Reuter Literature Museum Stavenhagen
- Court theater director Gustav zu Putlitz, Schwerin 1866, Schwerin State Theater
- Colonel Alfred von Rauch (equestrian portrait), oil painting, 1869, Schwerin State Museum (Schwerin Palace, Hofdornitz)
- Otto Carsten Krabbe as Rector of the University of Rostock , 1874
- Adolf Friedrich von Schack , 1875 State Museum Schwerin
- Friedrich Wilhelm Kücken , 1875
- Life-size self-portrait of Theodor Schloepke, 1876
Hand drawings
- Tribute ceremony for King Friedrich Wilhelm IV. In the Lustgarten in Berlin on October 15, 1840 , sent to Grand Duke Paul Friedrich, 1840
- Scenes and landscapes from the Schleswig-Holstein War , commissioned by Friedrich Franz II, sketches made at the theater of war, 1848
- Fritz Reuter (pencil drawing), 1860
- Viktor Siemerling , Ernst Boll , Franz Boll , Adolf Ahlers (pencil drawings), 1860
Illustrations
- 20 illustrations for Fritz Reuters Läuschen un Rimels , 1859/60
- Cover picture for the 2nd edition of Reuters Ut de Franzosentid , 1860
- Unkel Bräsig (watercolor), 1870
Unfinished works
- Meeting at Walsmühlen in the night of March 5th to 6th, 1719 between Hanoverian and Mecklenburg dragoons , monumental paintings
- Cabinet Councilor Eduard Prosch , 1877
- Entry of Grand Duke Friedrich Franz II at the head of the Mecklenburg Schwerin contingent on June 14, 1871 in Schwerin , monumental painting completed in 1883 by Carl Suhrlandt , formerly the Schwerin officers' mess at Großer Moor 30, today the castle museum
Titles and awards
After Schloepke had impressed the Grand Duke with his tondo painting Friedrich Franz II and his entourage , he was appointed court painter on December 10, 1853 . The appointment went hand in hand with the assignment of a studio in the still unfinished Schwerin Castle . For the subsequent participation in the design of the castle, he was awarded the castle medal in silver in May 1857 .
In 1862/63 Schloepke created the life-size portrait of the deceased Marie zu Mecklenburg-Schwerin (through marriage to the Duchess of Saxony-Altenburg). At the end of May 1863, he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Duke of Saxony-Ernestine House Order for his work .
Exhibitions and estate
Exhibitions
Theodor Schloepke and his works have been dedicated to several exhibitions over the past 100 years. The first major exhibition took place in 1912 in what was then the Grand Ducal Museum in Schwerin. Two further exhibitions followed in 1958 and 1977, in what is now the State Museum in Schwerin , one of which was dedicated to his hand drawings. The previous exhibition was held from October 23, 2008 to January 11, 2009. It took place again in the State Museum Schwerin and was dedicated to Schloepke's Parisian creative period.
estate
The State Museum Schwerin currently owns 42 paintings and 896 drawings by the artist. A drawing of the Berlin homage ceremony on October 15, 1840 is in the possession of the National Gallery in Berlin . The illustrations for Fritz Reuter's Läuschen un Rimels have also been preserved. Today they belong to the holdings of the Fritz Reuter Literature Museum in Stavenhagen . Some of Schloepke's works also came into private ownership in northern Germany.
The artist's personal correspondence has also been preserved, including two letters to Dethloff Carl Hinstorff , dated September 9 and October 1, 1860, which are now archived in the Fritz Reuter Literature Archive in Berlin.
literature
- Dettmann: Schloepke, Theodor . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General lexicon of fine artists from antiquity to the present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 30 : Scheffel – Siemerding . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1936, p. 113 .
- Waltraut Schumann: The court painters of the 18th and 19th centuries in Mecklenburg-Schwerin and their last representative Theodor Schloepke. Phil. F., dissertation from June 22, 1964, Halle.
- Jürgen Borchert : 150 Schwerin residents. Personalities from cultural history . Schwerin 1992, ISBN 3-910150-09-8 .
- Grete Grewolls: Who was who in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania . Schwerin 1995, ISBN 3-86108-282-9 .
- Kornelia von Berswordt-Wallrabe (ed.): Theodor Schloepke in Paris: Niklots Tod. State Museum, Schwerin 2008, ISBN 978-3-86106-106-9 .
Web links
- Literature by and about Theodor Schloepke in the catalog of the German National Library
- Literature about Theodor Schloepke in the state bibliography MV
- Search for Theodor Schloepke in the SPK digital portal of the Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Kornelia von Berswordt-Wallrabe (ed.): Theodor Schloepke in Paris: Niklots Tod. State Museum, Schwerin 2008, p. 123.
- ↑ Ranking list of the German Reichsmarine for the year 1885. Ernst Siegfried Mittler and Son, Berlin 1885, p. 33.
- ↑ Ranking list of the German Reichsmarine for the year 1895. Ernst Siegfried Mittler and Son, Berlin 1895, p. 83.
- ↑ Kornelia von Berswordt-Wallrabe (ed.): Theodor Schloepke in Paris: Niklots Tod. State Museum, Schwerin 2008, p. 15, p. 123.
- ^ Friedrich Eggers (ed.): Deutsches Kunstblatt . No. 46, November 12, 1857, anthology No. 8. Verlag Heinrich Schindler, Berlin, p. 404.
- ↑ Kornelia von Berswordt-Wallrabe (ed.): Theodor Schloepke in Paris: Niklots Tod. State Museum, Schwerin 2008, p. 110.
- ↑ Collections and exhibitions. [Schwerin - Grand Ducal Painting Gallery] In: Kunstchronik: Weekly for art and applied arts. Volume 11, issue 44, August 11, 1876, col. 707.
- ↑ Niklot's death. Picture and description . Schwerin August 2004 ( landtag-mv.de [PDF; accessed on January 31, 2018]).
- ↑ Holger Kankel: Monumental painting in Schwerin: Obotritenfürst returns. In: svz.de. January 30, 2018, accessed January 31, 2018 .
- ↑ Illustrated guide through the Hohenzollern Museum in Monbijou Castle. Gieseke & Devrient, Berlin 1910, p. 25.
- ^ Reinhard Parchmann: Military buildings in Mecklenburg 1800–1918 (= series of publications by the studio for history and portrait painting. Volume 9). Schwerin 2001, ISBN 978-3-00-008019-7 , p. 85.
- ↑ Christian Koepke: Long live the Grand Duke! In: svz.de. June 1, 2008, accessed February 9, 2018 .
- ^ German art newspaper. No. 22, May 31, 1863, anthology 8. p. 165.
- ^ Exhibition: Theodor Schloepke in Paris. In: kunstmarkt.com. Accessed January 31, 2018 .
- ↑ Schwerin Castle: Friedrich Franz II. And the arts. In: schloss-schwerin.de. Archived from the original ; accessed on January 31, 2018 .
- ↑ Borrowable partial copy (97 pages) Rostock University Library (call number: NMK-B 1435); Non-public copy in the State Museum Schwerin.
personal data | |
---|---|
SURNAME | Schloepke, Theodor |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Schloepke, Friedrich Theodor Julius (full name) |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German painter and illustrator |
DATE OF BIRTH | March 6, 1812 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Schwerin |
DATE OF DEATH | January 13, 1878 |
Place of death | Schwerin |