Theodor Schloepke

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Theodor Schloepke around 1875

Friedrich Theodor Julius Schloepke (born March 6, 1812 in Schwerin ; † January 13, 1878 ibid) was a German painter and illustrator .

Life and family

Grave in the old cemetery in Schwerin

Theodor Schloepke was born as the son of the Schwerin Palace Church organist Johann Carl Hermann Schloepke (1775–1823) and his wife Anna Agnete Christiane, née. Schumacher (1782–1819), born. He was orphaned at an early age and therefore grew up with his uncle, the Schwerin lending librarian Schloepke.

On May 17, 1841, Schloepke married Josephine Feliciane Eliza Lodoiska, born in Berlin. Roza (1814-1874). The marriage resulted in three children, the daughter Alexandrine Ernestine Pauline Ludovica Wilhelmine, born in 1842, the son Friedrich Franz Richard, born in 1845, and the youngest son, born in 1847, who died that same year.

Seriously ill since his wife's death, Schloepke died at the age of 65 and was buried in the old cemetery in Schwerin.

Son Friedrich Franz Richard (1845-1896) joined the Navy of the North German Confederation in the late 1860s . He later served in the Imperial Navy as first officer on the SMS Stosch and became port captain in Wilhelmshaven with the rank of corvette captain .

Act

Theodor Schloepke was a versatile painter. He painted history pictures, portraits, war scenes, humorous representations, landscapes and pictures of horses.

After the conformation , Schloepke began an apprenticeship as a bookbinder . Only a little later, however, the talented young man devoted himself to painting and began an apprenticeship as a decorative painter with Michaelsen in Schwerin. He received his first professional drawing and painting lessons in 1830 at the Sunday school for advanced training for industrial apprentices , led by Georg Adolph Demmler and founded by a Masonic lodge , at which Gaston Lenthe also taught. After he had finished his apprenticeship as a decorative painter, he moved to Ludwigslust, where he first painted small portraits on ivory and pictures of horses. From 1836 to 1840 he went to Potsdam and Berlin to study in the studios of Wilhelm Ternite and Franz Krüger , who had a strong influence on him. He then returned to Schwerin, where he became a member of the Association of Artists and Friends of Art in Schwerin . This was followed by study visits to Paris and Versailles from 1846–1848 and 1855–1857 , where he refined his artistic skills as a student of Horace Vernet .

In addition to his numerous portraits, including a well-known portrait of Fritz Reuter , his monumental painting Niklots Tod in Schwerin Castle is particularly well known. Schloepke painted his main work on behalf of Grand Duke Friedrich Franz II and spent two years in Paris to carry it out, where his friend Horace Vernet assisted him in an advisory capacity. The monumental history picture was shown at numerous exhibitions after its completion. The highlight of this was the exhibition at the World Exhibition in London in 1862 .

In the winter of 1874/75, Schloepke, who was accompanied by his daughter Alexandrine, went to Italy for health reasons . There he created several landscape and architectural watercolors in Rome and Pompeii .

“Let us now turn to the two portraits that the court portrait painter Theodor Schlöpcke painted on behalf of the Grand Duke! You are destined to join the gallery division of famous Mecklenburg residents. One of these is the portrait of the poet, art lover and art connoisseur Baron Adolph Friedrich von Schack in Munich, the other a self-portrait of Schlöpcke. Both are life-size busts. In these achievements something higher is achieved than mere resemblance. Here the inner life is shown in the trains. The plastic elaboration of the facial features, especially in the case of the v. Schack's portrait is of rare perfection. The technical execution shows that warmth of the clay, which is very attractive. Schlöpcke deserves to include the best of the portrait painters living now. "

- Art Chronicle, 1876

Selection of works

painting

Niklot's death (completed 1857)
Portrait of Fritz Reuter, 1866
Otto Carsten Krabbe as Rector of the University of Rostock , 1874

Hand drawings

Illustrations

    • 20 illustrations for Fritz Reuters Läuschen un Rimels , 1859/60
    • Cover picture for the 2nd edition of Reuters Ut de Franzosentid , 1860
    • Unkel Bräsig (watercolor), 1870

Unfinished works

    • Meeting at Walsmühlen in the night of March 5th to 6th, 1719 between Hanoverian and Mecklenburg dragoons , monumental paintings
    • Cabinet Councilor Eduard Prosch , 1877
    • Entry of Grand Duke Friedrich Franz II at the head of the Mecklenburg Schwerin contingent on June 14, 1871 in Schwerin , monumental painting completed in 1883 by Carl Suhrlandt , formerly the Schwerin officers' mess at Großer Moor 30, today the castle museum

Titles and awards

After Schloepke had impressed the Grand Duke with his tondo painting Friedrich Franz II and his entourage , he was appointed court painter on December 10, 1853 . The appointment went hand in hand with the assignment of a studio in the still unfinished Schwerin Castle . For the subsequent participation in the design of the castle, he was awarded the castle medal in silver in May 1857 .

In 1862/63 Schloepke created the life-size portrait of the deceased Marie zu Mecklenburg-Schwerin (through marriage to the Duchess of Saxony-Altenburg). At the end of May 1863, he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Duke of Saxony-Ernestine House Order for his work .

Exhibitions and estate

Exhibitions

Theodor Schloepke and his works have been dedicated to several exhibitions over the past 100 years. The first major exhibition took place in 1912 in what was then the Grand Ducal Museum in Schwerin. Two further exhibitions followed in 1958 and 1977, in what is now the State Museum in Schwerin , one of which was dedicated to his hand drawings. The previous exhibition was held from October 23, 2008 to January 11, 2009. It took place again in the State Museum Schwerin and was dedicated to Schloepke's Parisian creative period.

estate

The State Museum Schwerin currently owns 42 paintings and 896 drawings by the artist. A drawing of the Berlin homage ceremony on October 15, 1840 is in the possession of the National Gallery in Berlin . The illustrations for Fritz Reuter's Läuschen un Rimels have also been preserved. Today they belong to the holdings of the Fritz Reuter Literature Museum in Stavenhagen . Some of Schloepke's works also came into private ownership in northern Germany.

The artist's personal correspondence has also been preserved, including two letters to Dethloff Carl Hinstorff , dated September 9 and October 1, 1860, which are now archived in the Fritz Reuter Literature Archive in Berlin.

literature

Web links

Commons : Theodor Schloepke  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Kornelia von Berswordt-Wallrabe (ed.): Theodor Schloepke in Paris: Niklots Tod. State Museum, Schwerin 2008, p. 123.
  2. ↑ Ranking list of the German Reichsmarine for the year 1885. Ernst Siegfried Mittler and Son, Berlin 1885, p. 33.
  3. ↑ Ranking list of the German Reichsmarine for the year 1895. Ernst Siegfried Mittler and Son, Berlin 1895, p. 83.
  4. ↑ Kornelia von Berswordt-Wallrabe (ed.): Theodor Schloepke in Paris: Niklots Tod. State Museum, Schwerin 2008, p. 15, p. 123.
  5. ^ Friedrich Eggers (ed.): Deutsches Kunstblatt . No. 46, November 12, 1857, anthology No. 8. Verlag Heinrich Schindler, Berlin, p. 404.
  6. ↑ Kornelia von Berswordt-Wallrabe (ed.): Theodor Schloepke in Paris: Niklots Tod. State Museum, Schwerin 2008, p. 110.
  7. ↑ Collections and exhibitions. [Schwerin - Grand Ducal Painting Gallery] In: Kunstchronik: Weekly for art and applied arts. Volume 11, issue 44, August 11, 1876, col. 707.
  8. ↑ Niklot's death. Picture and description . Schwerin August 2004 ( landtag-mv.de [PDF; accessed on January 31, 2018]).
  9. ↑ Holger Kankel: Monumental painting in Schwerin: Obotritenfürst returns. In: svz.de. January 30, 2018, accessed January 31, 2018 .
  10. ↑ Illustrated guide through the Hohenzollern Museum in Monbijou Castle. Gieseke & Devrient, Berlin 1910, p. 25.
  11. ^ Reinhard Parchmann: Military buildings in Mecklenburg 1800–1918 (= series of publications by the studio for history and portrait painting. Volume 9). Schwerin 2001, ISBN 978-3-00-008019-7 , p. 85.
  12. ↑ Christian Koepke: Long live the Grand Duke! In: svz.de. June 1, 2008, accessed February 9, 2018 .
  13. ^ German art newspaper. No. 22, May 31, 1863, anthology 8. p. 165.
  14. ^ Exhibition: Theodor Schloepke in Paris. In: kunstmarkt.com. Accessed January 31, 2018 .
  15. ↑ Schwerin Castle: Friedrich Franz II. And the arts. In: schloss-schwerin.de. Archived from the original ; accessed on January 31, 2018 .
  16. ↑ Borrowable partial copy (97 pages) Rostock University Library (call number: NMK-B 1435); Non-public copy in the State Museum Schwerin.
personal data
SURNAME Schloepke, Theodor
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schloepke, Friedrich Theodor Julius (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German painter and illustrator
DATE OF BIRTH March 6, 1812
PLACE OF BIRTH Schwerin
DATE OF DEATH January 13, 1878
Place of death Schwerin