Thomas Boch

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Thomas Boch (born October 23, 1810 in Hanau , † August 20, 1878 in Witzenhausen ) was a Hessian , later Prussian administrative officer . He was district administrator in the districts of Gelnhausen (1849–1851), Wolfhagen (1865–1868) and Witzenhausen (1868–1878).

Life

Boch was born in Hanau as the son of the businessman Johann Georg Boch. At the place of his first professional assignment, he married Friederike Kreibaum in Eschwege on November 26, 1843 at the age of 33 .

On 17 May 1827 he was a student of law at the Hessian State University in Marburg enrolled and after graduation and graduation as an intern at the District Office (later District Office) in Hanau and during his traineeship at the provincial government and the police headquarters in Hanau and active at the district offices of Gelnhausen and Schlüchtern.

On November 28, 1838 the Ministry in Kassel appointed him district secretary in Eschwege and in 1843 transferred him to Hofgeismar . Around ten years later, on August 5, 1848, the year of the revolution, he was temporarily given the office of district administrator for the Gelnhausen district.

In the two revolutionary years of 1848/49, the administrative structure of many German lands also changed, in Kurhessen the provincial governments, the residential and provincial police directorates and also the district offices were abolished. For the former provinces, districts with a district executive board and administrative offices as district sub-authorities were established. On January 18, 1849, Boch was appointed First Administrative Officer for the Administrative Office in Gelnhausen . At the end of 1849 the German revolution with the National Assembly in the Paulskirche in Frankfurt and its constitution failed, but a new conflict was developing in Kurhessen .

Constitutional conflict in the state of Hesse

It was about taxes: On August 31, 1850, the Assembly of Estates of the Electorate of Hesse requested the electoral government to submit the budget (the state budget) in order to legitimize the taxes already levied, because according to the constitution , taxes could not be levied without the consent of the estates (Section 143 of the constitutional document of January 5, 1831). Thereupon the elector dissolved the meeting of the estates on September 4, 1850 and issued the regulation concerning the continued collection of taxes and duties , which, contrary to the wording of the constitution, contained an authorization to continue to raise taxes. The finance minister resigned; first the upper authorities in Kassel, then also the civil servants in the districts and administrative offices, regarded the respective sovereign decrees as unconstitutional and did not implement them. The courts (five higher courts and the highest court, the higher court of appeal in Kassel) declared the electoral ordinance unconstitutional, the elector imposed martial law on September 7, 1850 and wanted to use the army; his officers refused to carry out orders and invoked their oath, under which they had promised to respect the constitution; over 80% requested their release from service. The elector applied to the Bundestag of the German Confederation for interference by federal execution , and from November 1, 1850, the penal Bavarians , which implemented the federal decree, quickly moved into the Hessian districts on the northern Bavarian border ( Hanau , Gelnhausen , Schlüchtern and Fulda ) and occupied the area and the capital Kassel .

As with the majority of the generally liberal-minded Electoral Hesse civil servants, Boch's adherence to the constitutional oath that had been taken in 1850 came into conflict with the orders of the government and, ultimately, the military commanders of the execution forces. Since he had not followed orders from the military commander during the state of war and had returned unfinished proclamations, he was arrested by the court martial of the federal intervention troops in Kassel, chaired by the Bavarian lieutenant colonel Moritz Ritter von Peßler, on March 28, 1851 for "disobedience to orders of the commander-in-chief" a six weeks imprisonment convicted, he on the fortress Spangenberg was serving as the Hessian Ministry of war a petition for pardon was rejected on 6 October. 1851

Even before he was de facto prevented from exercising his office, he was put on hold with the restoration of the former district office on September 20, 1851 (district administrators were available, i.e. officials who could be transferred at any time, including retirement). In the following years he lived with his wife's family in Eschwege without any income and, after numerous unsuccessful requests for reinstatement, was only temporarily employed by the government commission in Schmalkalden from December 16, 1862 .

Still appointed by the Elector on April 28, 1865 as district administrator in the Wolfhagen district, he was transferred to Witzenhausen by royal rescript (decree) of March 10, 1868 during Prussian times , where he worked as district administrator until his death on August 20, 1878 .

Thomas Boch was one of the hardest hit victims of the political upheavals of 1850/51 in the administration of the Electorate of Hesse.

swell

  • Eckhart G. Franz and Georg Rösch: The district administrators in 150 years in the Gelnhausen district: Thomas Boch. In: 150 Years of the Gelnhausen District - Heimat-Jahrbuch des Gelnhausen District - Between Vogelsberg and Spessart 1971. Gelnhausen 1970, p. 38.
  • Thomas Klein: Senior officials in the general administration in the Prussian province of Hessen-Nassau and in Waldeck 1867–1945. (= Sources and research on Hessian history, 70; Ed. Hessische Historische Kommission Darmstadt and Historical Commission for Hesse), Darmstadt / Marburg 1988, ISBN 3-88443-159-5 , p. 99.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Thomas Klein names 1875 as the year of death
  2. ↑ § 3 of the ordinance of December 22, 1848, concerning the reorganization of the internal state administration. In: Wilhelm Möller and Karl Fuchs (eds.), Collection of the legal provisions still valid in the Electorate of Hesse from 1813 to 1866, Marburg and Leipzig (Elwert) 1867, p. 1230 f.
  3. ↑ Sections 13 to 27 and 29 to 34 of the ordinance of December 22, 1848, concerning the reorganization of the internal state administration. In: Wilhelm Möller and Karl Fuchs (eds.), Collection of the legal provisions still valid in the Electorate of Hesse from 1813 to 1866, Marburg and Leipzig (Elwert) 1867, p. 1232 f.
  4. ↑ in: Wilhelm Möller and Karl Fuchs (eds.), Collection of the legal provisions still valid in the Electorate of Hesse ..., p. 818 ff., On the Internet: for the Electorate of Hesse January 5, 1831
  5. ^ Gotthilf Adam Heinrich Graefe The Constitutional Struggle in Kurhessen , Leipzig 1851, p. 51
  6. ↑ Georg-W. Hanna: Straf-Bayern move into: Bulletin of the home office Main-Kinzig, Gelnhausen, year 1993 (issue 3) p. 226–234
  7. ↑ Restoration of the administrative organization valid until January 31, 1849 through the ordinance of July 7, 1851, concerning the restructuring of the internal state administration , in: Wilhelm Möller and Karl Fuchs (eds.), Collection of the legal provisions still valid in the Electorate of Hesse ..., P. 1247 ff.
personal data
SURNAME Boch, Thomas
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Official, victim of the reaction as a 1848 patriot
DATE OF BIRTH October 23, 1810
PLACE OF BIRTH Hanau
DATE OF DEATH August 20, 1878
Place of death Witzenhausen