The 21st World Gymnastics Championships were in 1981 from 22. bis 29. November in the Sports Complex Olimpiyskiy of Moscow , Soviet Union instead. 375 athletes from 37 countries took part in them. The hosts were the most successful team at these world championships with nine titles. In addition to both team and individual titles, they won another five on the machines. The GDR also secured five titles on the devices, with Maxi Gnauck being successful three times.
The hosts, who were already in the lead after compulsory duties, successfully defended their title against Japan after the team free-style. Third place went to China, which was only able to prevail over the GDR on the last device.
The hosts prevailed confidently against China and won their seventh title since 1954. Defending champion Romania had to admit defeat to the GDR in the battle for third place.