University ring
| University ring | |
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| Street sign "1., Universitätsring." | |
| Basic data | |
| place | Vienna, inner city |
| District | Inner City (1st District) |
| Created | until 1865 |
| Hist. Names | Franzensring (1870–1919), Ring des 12 November (1919–1934), Dr. Karl Lueger-Ring (1934–1981), Dr.-Karl-Lueger-Ring (1981–2012) |
| Connecting roads | Dr.-Karl-Renner-Ring (in the south), Schottenring (in the northeast) |
| Cross streets | Stadiongasse (southern end), Löwelstraße, Grillparzerstraße, Schreyvogelgasse , Mölker Bastei , Schottengasse (northern end) |
| Places | Rathausplatz , Josef-Meinrad-Platz, Rooseveltplatz |
| Buildings | Burgtheater , University of Vienna , Liebenberg monument , Palais Ephrussi |
| use | |
| User groups | Pedestrians , cyclists , car traffic , tram lines D, 1, 71 (at Rooseveltplatz / Schottentor underground station also 37, 38, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44) |
| Road design | mostly four-row avenue, three-lane main carriageway, on the outside of each a track, on both sides secondary carriageways |
| Technical specifications | |
| Street length | approx. 620 meters |
The university ring is part of Vienna's Ringstrasse in the 1st Viennese district , Inner City . He has had his current name since 2012.
history
From the Middle Ages, the glacis , into which the Mölker Bastei and Löwelbastei protruded, connected to one another by a curtain wall , ran in front of the Vienna city wall at the site of today's university ring . 1810–1812 , the Franzenstor was built next to the Löwelbastei, roughly where the Burgtheater is today .
When the city walls were demolished from 1858 onwards, initiated by Emperor Franz Joseph I at Christmas 1857 with his handwriting It is my will , the Ringstrasse was created in its place, which the Emperor solemnly opened on May 1st, 1865. The section between Babenbergerstraße and Franz-Josefs-Kai , which is now divided into four, was still unobstructed at that time. The only building next to the street was the Outer Burgtor , opened in 1824 ; the street in front of him was therefore given the name Burgring in 1863 . It was not until the early 1870s the portion received from the Volksgartenstraße to Schottengasse his name: he was called up in 1919 after the first emperor of Austria , Francis I , Franzensring . The name appears for the first time in Lehmann’s General Housing Gazette in 1872 and only in 1873 with specific information about the beginning and end of the street. Before that, the southern part of the Franzensring was still included in the Burgring.
After the end of the monarchy, the Franzensring, which included both today's Universitätsring and today's Dr.-Karl-Renner-Ring , was renamed the Ring of November 12th by the social democratic city administration in 1919 to mark the day the Republic was declared To remember the year 1918. In the corporate state dictatorship , the section was divided in 1934 and between Stadiongasse and Schottengasse in Dr. Renamed Karl Lueger-Ring . This designation was reminiscent of the Christian social politician Karl Lueger , who was mayor of Vienna from 1897 to 1910. In 1981 the spelling was changed to Dr.-Karl-Lueger-Ring (with through-coupling ), which means that Vienna adopted the spelling customary in Germany, regardless of spelling reforms. The name met with increasing criticism from university circles from the late 20th century onwards, because Lueger honored a strongly anti-Semitic politician for whom Hitler raved in his book Mein Kampf . After many years of discussion, this section was the ring on June 5, 2012 by City Council Committee on Culture and Science of the University of Vienna in Universitätsring renamed; the new road signs were installed in July 2012. However, the city administration emphasized that Dr.-Karl-Lueger-Platz, located on a different section of the Ringstrasse, will continue to be named after the mayor. The street sign with the inscription Dr.-Karl-Lueger-Ring , which was dismantled by the university, was given to the Jewish Museum Vienna , where it has been exhibiting since November 19, 2013 as part of the permanent exhibition Our City! can be visited.
Location and characteristics
The Universitätsring runs as part of Vienna's Ringstrasse from the extended Stadiongasse (northeast corner of Parliament) in the south to Schottengasse in the north. It continues the Dr.-Karl-Renner-Ring and finds its continuation in the Schottenring . The straight road turns north-east just before its end.
Like the entire Ringstrasse, the Universitätsring also has three lanes that can only be used clockwise as a one-way street . Tram tracks run on both sides of the carriageway, one in each direction. This is followed by wide sidewalks on both sides, each lined with two rows of avenue trees (originally this was Reitallee). There is also a bike path here. The Universitätsring is largely supplemented by side lanes to which the sidewalks with the entrances to buildings and parks connect.
In addition to the heavy car traffic, public transport is represented by tram lines D, 1 and 71. At the Schottentor there are numerous connections to other tram and bus lines as well as to the U2 underground line . The Ring-Rund-Radweg on the Ringstrasse is the most frequented cycle path in Vienna. It was only built in the late 20th century or mostly just painted on to existing surfaces; as a result, conflicts of use with pedestrians are inevitable, which repeatedly leads to criticism of its design.
There are two important ring road buildings on the Universitätsring: the Burgtheater and the University of Vienna, which gives the section its name . Opposite the Burgtheater is the large town hall square , where events take place almost all year round, with the Vienna town hall at the other end. The rest of the building - it's just the two blocks between the Burgtheater and Schottengasse - is uniformly historic from the last third of the 19th century (with the exception of no. 10, a new building after 1945). The Liebenberg monument is right on the street opposite the university . Large green spaces border the street on both sides of the ring, Volksgarten on the city center side and Rathauspark on the other side.
In terms of traffic, art and tourism, the Universitätsring is one of the most important sections of the Ringstrasse, which is a World Heritage Site.
Buildings
The original Franzensring was divided into two sections in 1934; the southern one has been called Dr.-Karl-Renner-Ring since 1956 . In the northern section, today's Universitätsring, the buildings were therefore renumbered: The Burgtheater, on Franzensring with house number 12, was now given number 2. The Palais Ephrussi , originally Franzensring 24, has been number 14 since 1934. On the side of the street further from the center only the main building of the university had to be renumbered, from No. 3 to No. 1.
No. 1: University of Vienna
The only building on the left side of the street is the monumental building of the University of Vienna . The Alma Mater Rudolphina Vindobonensis is the largest German-speaking university and the second oldest after Prague . Numerous important scientists worked on it in the course of time. The main building on Universitätsring was built between 1873 and 1884 according to plans by Heinrich von Ferstel . It is one of the outstanding monumental buildings of Vienna's Ringstrasse architecture and one of the main works of strict historicism. The university building was created in the neo-renaissance style based on the model of baroque monasteries. At the front there is a ramp in front of the main entrance. The multi-segmented long facades are characterized by rich figure decorations. In the center is a large inner courtyard, around which there are wide arcades with numerous busts and memorial plaques for outstanding scientists of the university. The university library of the University of Vienna , the largest academic library in Austria with 6.7 million works, is also located in the complex .
No. 2: Burgtheater
→ Main article Burgtheater
The Burgtheater is the largest German-speaking spoken theater. It was founded in 1748 and moved to today's Universitätsring as part of the expansion of the Wiener Ringstrasse. The building is one of the most outstanding buildings on the Ringstrasse and one of the most important historical theater buildings of all. It was built from 1874–1888 according to plans by Gottfried Semper and Carl von Hasenauer in a very exposed position, free-standing opposite the Vienna City Hall. Semper planned the floor plan, Hasenauer designed the facade. The building, which is considered a total work of art, was designed in the style of the Italian High Renaissance, while the decorations are baroque. The Burgtheater, which was badly damaged in World War II, was rebuilt by 1955. The Burgtheater is still considered to be one of the first German theaters, whose importance and place in the social life of Vienna is very high. A large number of the most important German-speaking artists (authors, directors, actors) have worked here over the years.
No. 4: Palais Lieben-Auspitz
→ Main article Palais Lieben-Auspitz
The building at the corner of Löwelstrasse 22 was built in 1872 according to plans by Carl Schumann and Ludwig Tischler . The building, which is free-standing on three sides, is designed in the style of the Viennese neo-renaissance . The well-known Café Landtmann , the interior of which was largely created in the 1920s, and the Theater Tribüne are located here. Memorial plaques commemorate the doctor Heinrich Neumann von Hétárs and the salon of Berta Zuckerkandl-Szeps .
No. 6: Historic rental apartment building
Like the neighboring house at No. 8, this was also built in 1873/1874 in the style of the Viennese neo-renaissance based on plans by Ludwig Tischler and Carl Schumann . A four-axis portico above which is located at the front with a wooden gate, main floor -balcony. The facade shows rich sculptural decor. In the entrance there is a three-aisled Ionic columned hall with a stucco coffered ceiling, and a plaque commemorates the composer Emmerich Kálmán . The bel étage is remarkable with rich wall decorations, inlaid parquet floors, stucco ornaments, grotesque paintings, four bust reliefs of German poets and a collection of paintings. The consulates general of Denmark and Norway are located in the building .
No. 8 Historic rental apartment building
This building on the corner of Schreyvogelgasse was built in 1873 according to plans by August Schwendenwein von Lanauberg in the neo-renaissance style. A restoration took place in 1957 by Erich Wohlschläger. The portal with Ionic columns is located under the bel étage balcony. On the facade, the horizontal is emphasized by three-dimensional profiled cornices. The driveway is divided into pilasters and has stucco decor.
Liebenberg monument
→ Main article Liebenberg memorial
The memorial for the mayor during the Second Turkish Siege of Vienna , Johann Andreas von Liebenberg , is located at the confluence of Schreyvogelgasse and Mölker Bastei in the Ring. It was created in 1887–1890 according to plans by Franz von Neumann and the sculptor Johann Silbernagel. On an obelisk is the portrait relief of Liebenberg held by putti, on the steps of the base lies the figure of a resting lion. The monument is crowned by the gilded figure of the goddess of victory Victoria .
No. 10: Former OPEC building
The building originally formed an ensemble with the neighboring houses, but was destroyed by bombs in World War II. The remains of the ruins were removed in the 1960s and a modern office and administration building was built in 1965–1967 according to plans by the architect Carl Appel , which was rented to OPEC . A sensational terrorist attack with hostage-taking by the terrorist Carlos took place here on December 21, 1975 . In 1977 the headquarters of OPEC were moved to another building in Vienna. In 1994 the facade was changed. A plaque from 1999 reminds that the Austro-Hungarian Association of Private Insurance Companies was founded in the previous building in 1899. The building is now owned by a foundation left by Karl Wlaschek in 2015 . In the building there are restaurants, law firms and various company branches.
No. 12: Historic rental apartment building
This building is located where the Universitätsring changes direction. This is why the house built between 1869 and 1872 based on plans by Emil von Förster is built around the corner. The house is designed in the neo-renaissance style and the facade design is based on the neighboring Palais Ephrussi. The rear wing corresponds to the Mölker Bastei 3 building . The upper zone in exposed brick construction rises above a flat rusticated base zone, while the final attic zone is smoothly plastered. The Ionic column portal with its spandreled figures and the balcony with four female statues are highlighted. The entrance, which is divided by pilasters and arcades, leads into a three-aisled Corinthian columned hall with spandreled figures. The Consulate General of Monaco is located in the building .
No. 14: Palais Ephrussi
→ Main article Palais Ephrussi
The Palais Ephrussi is located on the corner of Schottengasse and Universitätsring 14. It was built by Theophil von Hansen in 1869–1873 and was his last and most modern palace. Together with the building behind it, Schottengasse 9 by Carl Tietz, it forms an architectural unit. It was built for the banker Ignaz von Ephrussi , at his request with remarkably lavish furnishings, but not as a pure palace, but also with business premises on the ground floor. The Viennese branch of the Ephrussis had to leave Vienna during the Nazi era for “racial” reasons, and the art collection and furnishings of the palace were stolen. From 1969 to around 2009 the building was the headquarters of Casinos Austria .
The building corresponds to the type of Heinrichshof by Theophil Hansen opposite the State Opera, but dispenses with the central projection. Corner projections are raised like a tower. The salmon red building is crowned by a recessed attic floor with terracotta takaryatids and a gilded balustrade. The rooms on the piano nobile, which are decorated with painting cycles by Christian Griepenkerl , are particularly lavish . The most important ceiling is in the smoking parlor or billiard room, where Zeus' love adventures are depicted, in the dance parlor you can see pictures from the Book of Esther , in the other rooms various allegories. The rooms are also decorated with marble, precious floors and fireplaces.
The palace received attention since 2010 when Edmund de Waal , a descendant of the Ephrussi family, published his work The Hare with Amber Eyes. A Hidden Inheritance (German: The rabbit with the amber eyes. The hidden legacy of the Ephrussi family , translated by Brigitte Hilzensauer, Zsolnay, Vienna 2011, ISBN 978-3-552-05556-8 ). The family history also describes the Viennese branch of Ephrussis and her palace. The title of the book refers to a collection of 264 netsuke figures that were given to Viktor and Emmy Ephrussi by relatives in Paris for their wedding, were available to the family again after the Nazi regime thanks to the help of a domestic servant and are now owned by de Waal is located.
Opposite No. 14: Schottentor traffic junction
At the northern end of the Universitätsring, on the side of the street further away from the center, the Schottentor traffic junction extends , the name of which is reminiscent of the city wall's city gate, which was demolished after 1857 and located closer to the center in Schottengasse . This is where Schottenring, Schottengasse, Universitätsring, Universitätsstraße, Rooseveltplatz, Währinger Straße and Maria-Theresien-Straße meet, visually dominated by the free-standing neo-Gothic Votive Church on Rooseveltplatz. The node links the Schottentor underground station , several tram lines and private transport, for which an underground car park is available.
Individual evidence
- ↑ cf. Blaschke, Bertha / Lipschitz, Luise (2003): Architecture in Vienna 1850 to 1930: Historicism - Art Nouveau - Objectivity. Vienna: Springer.
- ↑ see principles of the Vienna Nomenclature Commission
- ↑ New street names ( Memento of the original from March 27, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Universitätsring: Street sign revealed , ORF website from July 4, 2012
- ↑ Our city! Jewish Vienna to this day , accessed on April 13, 2016
- ^ Karl Wlaschek's real estate in Vienna's first district. In: Falter (weekly newspaper) , No. 33/2015, August 12, 2015, p. 16
literature
- Felix Czeike : Historical Lexicon Vienna. Volume 2: De-Gy. Kremayr & Scheriau, Vienna 1993, ISBN 3-218-00544-2 .
- Bundesdenkmalamt (Ed.): Dehio-Handbuch Wien. I. District - Inner City . Verlag Berger, Horn 2003, ISBN 3-85028-366-6
Web links
Coordinates: 48 ° 12 ′ 49 ″ N , 16 ° 21 ′ 41 ″ E