Vilayet Trabzon

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The Vilâyet Trabzon in the Ottoman Empire
Map of the Vilayet Trabzon from 1890

The Vilâyet Trabzon was a province ( Vilâyet ) in the northeastern part of the Ottoman Empire . The area of ​​the province was 32,400 km². The provincial capital was the city of Trabzon . The main cities were Samsun , Ordu , Giresun , Gümüşhane , Rize and Batumi .

population

In 1900 the population was 1.2 million people. In the Vilayet the main peoples were Turks , Lasas , Pontic Greeks , Armenians and Circassians .

At the 1914 census, 921,128 residents were Muslim, 161,524 Pontic Greeks and 38,899 Armenians.

The population decreased steadily, for example in the genocide of the Armenians in 1915 under the Vilâyet governor Cemal Azmi, Armenian residents were murdered. After 1922, during the persecution of the Greeks in the Ottoman Empire from 1914 to 1923, Pontic Greek residents were murdered or expelled.

history

The province of Trabzon was established in 1864 as part of the Tanzimat administrative reform .

After the Russo-Turkish War from 1877 to 1878 , the Sanjak Lazistan was established. Rize became the center of this district after the Russian conquest of Batumi, the former center of the Sanjak.

The province was transformed into the Republic of Pontos in 1917 , when the Pontic Greeks proclaimed their own state. After the end of the First World War , the province was rebuilt and existed until the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire in 1922.

Administrative division

In 1880 the Vilayet Trabzon had 3 districts (sanjaks):

  1. Trabzon ,
  2. Gümüşhane ,
  3. Lazistan .

In 1889, Samsun became a sanjak and was incorporated into the province. Therefore, after 1890, the Vilayet Trabzon consisted of four sanjaks and 22 subdistricts ( kazas ).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c 1914 census statistics . (No longer available online.) General Staff of Turkey , pp. 605–606 , archived from the original on October 7, 2011 ; Retrieved January 29, 2011 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.tsk.tr
  2. ↑ Gündüz Ali, Hemşinliler, Dil-Tarih-Kültür, Ardanuj Kültür Yardımlaşma Derneği, Yayın No: 2, Ankara, 2002, p. 61.
  3. ↑ Yurt Ansiklopedisi, Rize, p. 6365.
  4. ^ A. Yüksel: Doğu Karadeniz Araştırmaları. Kitabevi, İstanbul 2005.