Giresun

Giresun (38 m)
Climate diagram
	Temperature in ° C , precipitation in mm
	Source: State Meteorological Office of the Republic of Turkey, normal period 1981–2010

	Giresun
	; View of the old town of Giresun (Zeytinlik) from the old fortress
Basic data
Province (il) :	Giresun
Coordinates :	40 ° 55 ' N , 38 ° 23' E Coordinates: 40 ° 54 '55 " N , 38 ° 23' 22" E
Height :	14 m
Residents :	117,944 (2019)
Telephone code :	(+90) 454
Postal code :	28,000
License plate :	28
Structure and administration (as of 2019)
Structure :	28 Mahalle
Mayor :	Aytekin Şenlikoğlu ( AKP )
Website:	www.giresun.bel.tr
District of Giresun
Residents :	138,858 (2019)
Surface:	376 km²
Population density :	369 inhabitants per km²

Giresun (ancient Cerasus , Greek : Κερασούντα, ancient Greek : Κερασοῦς) is located in northeastern Turkey on the Black Sea , is the capital and, with over 100,000 inhabitants, the largest city in the Giresun province of the same name . At the same time it is also the center of the central district ( Merkez ).

name of the city

The origin of the name Giresun is disputed, the city was called Kerasous in antiquity ( ancient Greek Κερασοῦς ), in modern times, modern Greek Κερασούντα Kerasounta . This name probably comes either from the Greek word kerasion (κεράσιον), which means 'cherry', or from the Greek 'keras' (κέρας) for 'horn'.

geography

Giresun is located in northeastern Turkey on a horn on the Black Sea. Typical of the entire eastern Black Sea coast of Turkey are the mountain ranges and mountains of the Pontus Mountains , which extend to the coast of the Black Sea. The region is known not only in Turkey for this imposing landscape. Flat areas in the city of Giresun can only be found on the narrow coastal strip and between the two rivers and estuaries of the Batlama and Aksu . About two kilometers from the coast is the small island of Giresun Adası (Aretias). According to Greek mythology , Heracles is said to have met the Amazons there .

City structure

Despite its ancient history, Giresun is now a modern city. It is built around a mountainous peninsula. The Giresun peninsula, with Giresun Kalesi Castle at its highest point, is one of the city's landmarks and a tourist attraction. Since flat areas are rare in the urban area, many districts have been built over the years on the slopes of the mountains facing the sea. The cityscape is largely characterized by narrow and steep streets that convey their own flair. Even the newly paved main shopping and business street has a steep gradient.

The city is divided into 28 districts (Mahalle). Their population ranges from over 10,000 (Teyyaredüzü 13,733, Çıtlakkale 11,386 and Gedikkaya 1,263 inh.) To a little over 300 (Yalı 372, Cumhuriyet 359 and Samanlıkkıranı 317 inh.).

district

The central district is located in the middle of the province and has the districts ( İlçe ) Bulancak in the west, Dereli in the south and Keşap in the east as neighbors. The district is the largest in terms of population, which is probably due to the provincial capital - 83.7% of the district's population. The district has remained unchanged in its territory since Turkey was founded (1923).

Currently (at the end of 2018) it consists of Giresun, the municipality ( Belediye ) Duroğlu (3,149 inh .) And 53 villages ( Köy ) with an average of 359 inhabitants (total population of all villages: 19,010 inh .). Boztekke is the largest village with 972 inhabitants.

Climate table

The climate is humid and mild.

Average monthly temperatures and precipitation for Giresun (38 m)

	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
Max. Temperature ( ° C )	10.4	10.0	11.6	14.9	18.4	23.2	26.1	26.8	23.5	19.6	15.5	12.4	O	17.7
Min. Temperature (° C)	5.0	4.3	5.5	8.7	12.9	17.3	20.4	20.9	17.7	14.1	9.8	7.0	O	12
Temperature (° C)	7.4	6.9	8.2	11.4	15.4	20.1	23.1	23.5	20.3	16.5	12.3	9.4	O	14.6

Precipitation ( mm )	117.6	95.5	89.4	79.8	67.9	81.8	85.5	86.4	120.7	185.6	157.3	118.4	Σ	1,285.9

Rainy days ( d )	15.2	14.5	16.1	15.8	14.8	12.8	11.5	10.4	12.8	15.6	14.0	15.0	Σ	168.5

Source: State Meteorological Office of the Republic of Turkey, normal period 1981–2010

population

Population development

The following table shows the comparative population level at the end of the year for the province, the central district and the city of Giresun as well as the respective share at the higher administrative level. The figures are based on the address-based population register (ADNKS) introduced in 2007.

year	province	district		city
year	real	%	real	%	real
2018	453.912	29.94	135.920	83.70	113,761
2017	437.393	30.85	134.937	83.31	112,415
2016	444,467	30.41	135.144	79.88	107,953
2015	426.686	30.18	128,779	83.15	107.075
2014	429.984	29.34	126.172	83.81	105,748
2013	425.007	29.21	124.144	82.41	102,307
2012	419,555	29.35	123.129	81.79	100.712
2011	419,498	29.22	122,597	82.47	101.107
2010	419.256	28.55	119,677	81.01	96,948
2009	421.860	28.25	119.181	79.68	94,961
2008	421,766	27.58	116.310	77.41	90.034
2007	417.505	27.29	113.936	78.33	89.241

Census results

The following population information about the city, the district, the province and the country is available for the censuses:

region	1965	1970	1975!	1980	1985	1990	2000
City (Şehir)	25,331	32,522	38,236	45,690	55,887	67,604	83,636
central circle (Merkez)	70,323	77,622	80.103	86,405	94,746	102.294	112.501
Province (İl)	428.015	451,679	463,587	480,083	502.151	499.087	523.819
Turkey	31,391,421	35.605.176	40,347,719	44,736,957	50,664,458	56.473.035	67,803,927

history

Pontic Greek athletic team from Giresun in the early 20th century

Since few excavations have taken place in the region so far, not much is known about the history of the city, which was called Kerasus in ancient times . It is believed that the town of Aripša , which belonged to Azzi and was founded around 1312 BC, was located here. Was conquered by the Hittite great king Muršili II . Early finds show that the city began in the 7th century BC. Was inhabited by Greeks and ancient sources confirm that Giresun was founded by Milesians .

183 BC Chr. Was Kerasus, like Sinope , the Pontic ruler Pharnaces I. destroyed. After the reconstruction, he renamed the city Pharnakeia . In the Middle Ages Pharnakeia belonged to the Byzantine province of Armeniakon .

(Topal) Osman Ağa.

Osman Ağa from Giresun was Mustafa Kemal's bodyguard . In the center of Giresun there is a statue of him as a memorial and his tomb is in the castle (Giresun Kalesi) of Giresun.

economy

Fiskobirlik, one of the largest hazelnut factories in Turkey, is located in Giresun . In addition to fresh hazelnuts, she also sells nougat creams , hazelnut oils and hazelnut butter called Fındık ezmesi . Giresun is the seat of the private broadcasters Tempo TV, Mavi Karadeniz TV and Giresun TV.

Agriculture

The city has a very rich agriculture, mainly hazelnuts are grown. There is also cultivation of walnuts and cherries as well as the production of leather and timber in Giresun.

traffic

Passenger traffic takes place mainly with the Dolmuş and with other urban buses. Since it is mountainous, you have to do without trains. The port of Giresun was enlarged in the sixties. Giresun shares an airport with the city of Ordu

education

The city has urban and renowned secondary schools (Lise) and a university ( Giresun Üniversitesi ).

kitchen

The city's cuisine is typically Turkish and therefore often includes kebabs , pilaf and thick soups. In addition, a pastry called Kiymali with seasoned minced meat is very well known. Black cabbage is used a lot in the city and the surrounding area, such as B. Soups and sarma, a cabbage roll . Fresh fish and anchovies are also common in Giresun's cuisine.

Attractions

View of the island of Giresun from the old fortress.

Giresun Archaeological Museum from above (a former church).

Giresun Adası (Island of Giresun)
Giresun Kalesi (Giresun Fortress)
Topal Osman Anıtı (Monument to Topal Osman Ağa )
Meryem Ana Kiliselesi ve Manastırları (Church and Monastery)
Give Kilisesi (Church)
Fatih Camii and Kurşunlu Cami (mosques)
Giresun Arkeoloji Müzesi (Archaeological Museum)
The city has several sandy beaches that can be reached by dolmuş .

Personalities

Osman Ağa (1883–1923), actor in the First World War and the Turkish War of Independence
Erden Alkan (* 1941), Turkish actor
Mehmet Aygün (* approx. 1956), German-Turkish entrepreneur
Nurettin Canikli (* 1960), Turkish politician
Avni Kertmen (* 1961), Turkish badminton player
Kenan Yelek (* 1975), Turkish football player
Tolga Seyhan (* 1977), Turkish soccer player
Cevat Yerli (* 1978), German-Turkish game developer and company founder
Gökdeniz Karadeniz (* 1980), Turkish football player