Erdberg (Vienna)

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Erdberg
coat of arms map
Erdberg coat of arms

Erdberg is a district of Vienna in the 3rd district of Vienna highway .

history

Editing of the district plan by Carl Graf Vasquez from around 1830, Erdberg is highlighted in color

Erdberg is one of the oldest settlements in the Vienna area. The oldest Roman finds in Vienna's urban area were discovered on the site in the north of Rochusmarkt , at Grete-Jost-Park at the beginning of Erdbergstrasse and below the post office building that existed until 2014 (where the new headquarters of Österreichische Post AG will be built) . These are finds from the late Celtic and early Roman cultures (Celtic pit houses , wells, ovens and pits from the middle of the first century and Roman imported goods such as amphorae from the Adriatic region , fine ceramics and writing implements). Other finds are dated to the Neolithic , others to the 13th and 14th centuries ( earth stables ), from the 18th century the foundation walls of the Palais Mesmer were documented in the same place .

The first written mention comes from the 12th century as Ertpurch . The name, later also called Erpurch , Erdburg or Erdberg , comes from a fortified ring wall that was probably built in the early Middle Ages in the area of ​​today's Erdbergstraße, Kardinal-Nagl-Platz, Hainburger Straße and Schlachthausgasse. The derivation of the name from the strawberry, as the Erdberger coat of arms suggests, is wrong.

Erdberg played a first important role in 1192, when Richard the Lionheart was captured here after the Third Crusade . For the later character as a pure agricultural and agricultural settlement, the arrival of Low German gardeners was decisive, who founded a village called Nottendorf in today's Erdberger area. However, Nottendorf was completely destroyed in the course of the first Turkish siege in 1529 and no longer rebuilt.

Over the centuries Erdberg remained a sovereign property. In 1810 it finally came to the Vienna magistrate . In 1850 Erdberg was incorporated into Vienna as the Landstrasse district together with the suburbs Weißgerber and Landstrasse .

Vegetable cultivation was characteristic of the village and it increasingly supplanted viticulture . Erdberg also played an important role in supplying Vienna. Until the middle of the 19th century, Erdberg with its approximately 5000 inhabitants retained its character and housed only a few commercial enterprises and factories, this only changed in the later 19th century. The numerous truckers who lived here were also important for the Erdberg economy in the 19th century, and the Fiakerplatz , which was built in the 1950s, was named that way as a reminder . In 1991, the Fiaker monument created by Josef Engelhart in 1937 was erected there.

In the 1820s, the Paulusgrund (also Paulusplatz district ) was built on as planned. A square was created ( Paulusplatz , which has been named since 1862 ), where two streets (Paulusgasse and Schimmelgasse) cross each other. Today's streets Petrusgasse - Baumgasse - Schlachthausgasse and Landstraßer Hauptstrasse (near Vasquez, see plan above, listed as Paulusgrund Hauptstrasse ) form the boundary of the area . The original development of one or two-story houses (including many wagon houses) gradually disappeared in the course of the 19th and 20th centuries, the houses at Schimmelgasse 3 (listed), 18 and 19 are still preserved.

After the First World War , large plots of land in Neuerdberg (the lower part of the area) fell to the City of Vienna, which built municipal housing in the Dietrichgasse / Drorygasse / Hagenmüllergasse / Kardinal-Nagl-Platz / Ludwig-Koeßler-Platz area that covered the entire stylistic breadth of the documented municipal housing of this time. The largest and most famous of these buildings is the Rabenhof . Apart from the Margaret Belt, this is the area with the highest density of community buildings within the belt.

In 1956 the renovation of Alt-Erdberg (also called "Dörfel") began, an area of ​​low, elongated courtyards between Baumgasse and Erdbergstraße, especially in the Leonhardgasse and Gestattengasse. This development was replaced by large urban housing complexes, and the Fiakerplatz was created as the center of the area. In the course of this, a pilgrimage chapel of the Magna Mater Austriae built in 1815 (a replica of the miraculous image of Mariazell from around 1700) was integrated into the residential complex Leonhardgasse 2-10, where it forms a kind of niche for the image.

Today Erdberg is the namesake of the eight census districts of the same name with 15,093 inhabitants (2014), the boundaries of which, however, do not coincide with the historical boundaries of the district that are commonly used today. Erdberg also has a share in the counting districts Erdberger Mais - St. Marx (5,319 inhabitants) and Erdberger Lände - Altes Gaswerk (7,912 inhabitants)

Personalities

literature

  • Christine Klusacek, Kurt Stimmer: Erdberg: Village in the city . Mohl, Vienna 1992, ISBN 3-900272-42-5 .
  • Christoph Römer (Ed.): Erdberg: 1890–1960 . Album Verlag für Photographie, Vienna 1998, ISBN 3-85164-059-4 .
  • Vienna district handbooks. 3rd district Landstrasse . Pichler, Vienna 2002, ISBN 3-85431-246-6 .
  • Erdberg. In: Stories, sagas and peculiarities from Vienna's past and present. Vienna 1841.

Web links

Commons : Erdberg (Vienna)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ oldest Roman finds (accessed March 19, 2015).
  2. ↑ so in the art topography ( Géza Hajós , Eckart Vansca : Österreichische Kunsttopographie. Volume XLIV. Die Kunstdenkmäler Wien. The secular buildings of the III., IV. And V districts. Verlag Anton Schroll, Vienna 1980, ISBN 3-7031-0470-8 ) P. 105 and in Dehio (II-IX & XX, Vienna 1993, Anton Schroll & Co.) p. 122
  3. ↑ Population development in Vienna and the 23 municipal and 250 census districts (PDF file, 10 MB)
  4. ↑ Abundance of life - Walter Barylli remembers ( Memento of the original from December 20, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Magazine of the Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde in Vienna, September / October 2006 edition, accessed on December 20, 2014.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.musikverein.at

Coordinates: 48 ° 11 '  N , 16 ° 25'  E