Wierzbica Dolna

Wierzbica Dolna German Würbitz
	Wierzbica Dolna German Würbitz
Basic data
State :	Poland
Voivodeship :	Opole
Powiat :	Kluczbork
Gmina :	Wołczyn
Geographic location :	51 ° 3 '  N , 17 ° 59'  E Coordinates: 51 ° 3 '22 "  N , 17 ° 59' 18"  E
Height :	248 m npm
Residents :	537 (March 31, 2011)
Postal code :	46-255
Telephone code :	(+48) 77
License plate :	OKL
Economy and Transport
Next international airport :	Wroclaw

Wierzbica Dolna ( German German Würbitz , 1936-1945 Niederweiden OS ) is a place of Gmina Wołczyn in the Opole Voivodeship in Poland .

geography

Geographical location

Wierzbica Dolna is located in the northwestern part of Upper Silesia in the Kreuzburger Land. The village of Wierzbica Dolna is about eight kilometers northwest of the municipality seat Wołczyn , about 21 kilometers northwest of the district town of Kluczbork and about 53 kilometers north of the voivodeship capital Opole .

The Czarna Woda ( black water ), a right tributary of the Stober, flows west of the village .

Neighboring places

Neighboring towns of Wierzbica Dolna are in the northwest Świniary Małe ( Klein Blumenau ), in the east Świniary Wielkie ( Groß Blumenau ), in the south Wierzbica Górna ( Polish Würbitz ) and in the southwest Duczów Wielki ( Groß Germans ).

history

Deutsch Würbitz Castle - demolished after 1945

Exaltation of the Cross Church

The village is first mentioned in 1409 as the teutunicule Wirbircz . In 1412 the place was mentioned as Dewtschin Wirbicz . The place name is derived from the Polish word wierzby (dt. Pasture ). The Slavic name Wierzbica therefore means pasture village . The scrap wood church was built in 1698. In 1785, 253 people lived in Deutsch Würbitz.

In 1845 the Polish name of the village is mentioned as Niemiecka Wierzbica . In the same year the village consisted of a castle, an evangelical church, an evangelical school, a distillery and another 75 houses. In 1845 565 people lived in Deutsch Würbitz, 36 of them Catholic and 7 Jewish. In 1861 569 people lived in Deutsch Würbitz. In 1874 the district of Deutsch Würbitz was founded. The first head of office was the manor owner Heinrich von Löbbecke.

In 1901 a new castle was built in Deutsch Würbitz. In 1930 the castle and its lands became the property of the Upper Silesian Land Society. This had 29 farmhouses built in Deutsch Würbitz between 1930 and 1932. In 1933 670 people lived in Deutsch Würbitz. On May 27, 1936, the name of the place was changed to Niederweiden OS . In the same year, the war memorial designed by Max Andresen is unveiled. Between 1934 and 1939 there was a camp for the female labor service in the castle. In 1939 there were 655 people living in Niederweiden OS. In 1944, children from Berlin lived in the castle in the course of the Kinderland transfer . Until 1945 the village belonged to the Kreuzburg OS district

As a result of the Second World War, Deutsch Würbitz fell under Polish administration in 1945, like most of Silesia . The place was subsequently renamed Wierzbica Dolna and joined the Silesian Voivodeship. In 1950 it was incorporated into the Opole Voivodeship. The castle in Deutsch Würbitz was used as a grain store after 1945 and deteriorated over time. In order to rebuild some damaged houses in the village, the castle was demolished for the extraction of building material. In 1999 Wierzbica Dolna joined the newly founded Powiat Kluczborski ( Kreuzburg district ).

Attractions

• The Roman Catholic scrap wood Church of the Exaltation of the Cross (Polish Kościół Podwyższenia Krzyża Świętego ) was built in 1698 as a Protestant church. After falling into disrepair at the beginning of the 20th century, the church was partially demolished and in 1939 the original reconstruction was carried out. The church has been a listed building since 1954.
• The preserved castle park has a size of two hectares.
• Devil stone

Web links

Commons : Wierzbica Dolna  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ^ CIS 2011: Ludność w miejscowościach statystycznych według ekonomicznych grup wieku (Polish), March 31, 2011, accessed on December 23, 2018
2. ↑ ^{a b} Johann Georg Knie : Alphabetical-statistical-topographical overview of the villages, towns, cities and other places of the royal family. Preuss. Province of Silesia. Breslau 1845, p. 759.
3. ^ Heinrich Adamy : The Silesian place names, their origin and meaning - A picture from prehistory , Breslau, Priebatsch, 1889, p. 55
4. ↑ ^{a b} List of Monuments of the Opole Voivodeship p. 46 (Polish)
5. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Heimatkreisverband - Kreis Kreuzburg OS ( Memento from June 20, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
6. ^ Territorial administrative district Deutsch Würbitz (Niederweiden OS)
7. ↑ ^{a b c} Administrative history - Kreis Kreuzburg OS ( Memento from September 3, 2017 in the Internet Archive )
8. ^ Castle Deutsch Würbitz (Polish)
9. ^ Church of the Exaltation of the Cross (Polish)
10. ↑ Monuments in the Wołczyn Commune (Polish)